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Topic: Argument from design

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	Design Arguments for the Existence of God [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		The argument from biological information is concerned with an explanation of how it is that the world went from a state in which it contained no living organisms to a state in which it contained living organisms; that is to say, it is concerned with the explanation of the very first forms of life.
		What proponents of design arguments for God's existence, however, have not noticed is that each one of these indubitably legitimate uses occurs in a context in which we are already justified in thinking that intelligent beings with the right motivations and abilities exist.
		Unlike the proponent of the design argument, however, the court had an additional piece of information available to it: the court already knew that there existed an intelligent agent with the right causal abilities and motives to bring about the event; after all, there was no dispute whatsoever about the existence of Caputo.
	www.iep.utm.edu /d/design.htm (8076 words)

	Encyclopedia: Argument from design (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A teleological argument (or an argument from design) is an argument for the existence of God based on evidence of design in nature.
		The same argument is at the core of the theory of Intelligent Design.
		Their opponents claim that such arguments are not scientific as they fail to meet the criteria of scientific philosophy, particularly falsifiability and naturalism.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Argument-from-design (1574 words)

	Teleological argument - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A teleological argument (or a design argument) is an argument for the existence of God based on perceived evidence of design in nature.
		Since in the late 20th century, the teleological argument has gained renewed interest as a core element of the theory of Intelligent Design and the related efforts to reconcile science and faith.
		A variation of the teleological argument is built upon the anthropic principle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Teleological_argument (2112 words)

	God's Existence: The Argument from Design (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The backbone of the argument from design is the regarding of man-made machinery as an analogue of the natural world.
		This is vulnerable to the criticism, common to all arguments from design, that it implies the existence of a designer who is not Himself designed, and the argument thereby undermines itself.
		The argument from design says that the world looks as if it has been designed by some intelligence, and therefore it has, and that that intelligence is God.
	easyweb.easynet.co.uk /~ursa/philos/certs2e1.htm (4361 words)

	Argument from Design
		According to the argument from design, or teleological argument, the design or order found in the universe provides evidence for the existence of an intelligent designer (or orderer) usually identified as God.
		Paley's version of the argument focused on biological complexity, however, and thus was severely undermined when Charles Darwin unveiled his theory of evolution by natural selection in 1859.
		According to the cosmological argument to design, or fine-tuning argument, even if the origin of all life on Earth can be explained in terms of impersonal natural processes, the mere fact that the universe allows life to exist in the first place is evidence of intelligent design.
	www.infidels.org /library/modern/theism/design.html (3232 words)

	Teleological argument -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A teleological argument (or a design argument) is an (Click link for more info and facts about argument for the existence of God) argument for the existence of God based on evidence of design in nature.
		One approach is a proof by ((reduction to the absurd) a disproof by showing that the consequences of the proposition are absurd; or a proff of a proposition by showing that its negation leads to a contradiction) reductio ad absurdum.
		A more sensible design would be to place the cells with the nerves at the back, which would allow light to hit the cells directly and eliminate the blind spot.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/te/teleological_argument.htm (2267 words)

	Richard Swinburne -- Argument From Design
		A philosophical defense of the argument from design.
		It is basically an argument by analogy, an analogy between the order in the natural world (the temporal order codified in laws of nature) and the patterns of order which men often produce (the ordered books on library shelves, or the temporal order in the movements of a dancer or the notes of a song).
		It is true that the greater the dissimilarities between effects, the weaker is the argument to the existence of a similar cause; and it has been a traditional criticism of the argument from design represented as an argument by analogy that the analogy is weak.
	www.orthodoxytoday.org /articles2/SwinburnDesign.shtml (6186 words)

	Answering the Biochemical Argument from Design
		This argument has been picked up by a variety of anti-evolution groups around the United States, and has become a focal point for those who would argue that intelligent design theory deserves a place in the science classroom as a scientific alternative to Darwin.
		The great power of Behe's argument is that it claims to have discovered, in the biochemical machinery of the living cell, a new property (irreducible complexity) that makes it possible to rule out, even in principle, any possibility that evolution could have produced it.
		Paley's 21st century followers claim that the intelligent design movement is based upon new discoveries in molecular biology, and represents a novel scientific movement that is worthy of scientific and educational attention.
	www.millerandlevine.com /km/evol/design1/article.html (4587 words)

	The Argument from Design
		The conclusion of the "official" argument is that the universe was designed.
		Hume will go on to question the argument, but when he first discusses it, he puts it in terms of an analogy.) The point of such analogies is to help motivate the claim that the best explanation of something's "complex harmony" is that the thing had a designer.
		Remember, the Official Design Argument is often strengthened by appealing to the watch analogy.
	www.unc.edu /~theis/uncg/design.html (1466 words)

	The Argument From Design
		In summary, this argument maintains that because there is design in the universe, there had to be a designer.
		First, the argument from design is invalid because it assumes that which it professes to prove.
		Proof of design lies in those characteristics not found in nature, so it is impossible to produce proof of design within the context of nature itself.
	home.inu.net /skeptic/design.html (968 words)

	Argument from Design
		The argument from design is one of the "proofs" for the existence of God.
		The argument has been criticized for begging the question: it assumes the universe is designed in order to prove that it is the work of a designer.
		The argument also suppresses evidence: for all its beauty and grandeur, the universe is also full of, well, to be delicate, let us say that the universe is also full of nasties.
	www.angelfire.com /ex2/atheism/design.html (1851 words)

	The Argument from Design (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The Argument from Design then argues that the best explanation of these instances of harmony is that the universe had a designer.
		To motivate the Design Argument, proponents usually discuss an analogous argument involving the discovery of a watch in a forest.
		The Official Design Argument is often strengthened by appealing to the watch analogy.
	www.unc.edu /gform-links/courses/2002fall/phil/032/001/design.html (1880 words)

	Richard Brown, Argument From Design
		The Theistic movement has recently been trying to gain milage from the argument from the apparent design of the Universe or, as it is commonly referred to, the argument from fine-tuning.
		What we end up with is an argument from design that resembles Paley's watch argument but it is the laws of nature and not the parts of the human eye that resemble a clockwork mechanism.
		One explanation which is supposed to be similar to the argument from design is that God may have interfered with the coins in some way so that they would all land on heads.
	www.sdsmt.edu /student-orgs/tfs/reading/argument.html (1072 words)

	The Teleological Argument
		The argument as he constructed it is thus an argument from analogy.
		Modern teleological arguments tend to focus on the “fine-tuning” in the universe, the fact that it is exactly as it needs to be (“fine-tuned”) to support life.
		Though he is no longer a critic of the argument, having recently been persuaded of its force, he continues to insist that it is it the argument to, not from, design.
	www.philosophyofreligion.info /teleological.html (656 words)

	A New Design Argument: Thaxton, Charles.
		The new argument from design in biology and mathematics is not as well known as the one from astronomy and physics.
		If the argument developed here can be shown to indicate a designer, then it may be used fairly as a basis for clarifying the vague impression on this point obtained in astronomy and physics.
		Because of the cultural conviction of a created and designed universe, including earth and life upon it, it was very widely appreciated, from the early days of seventeenth century science onward until the time of Darwin, that science is not concerned with the question of origins.
	www.arn.org /docs/thaxton/ct_newdesign3198.htm (6020 words)

	The Argument from Design
		The argument from design focuses on the fact that the universe is fit for human habitation.
		Once all of this evidence is taken into account, the argument from design concludes, there can be no question as to whether the universe just happens to be fit for life or whether it was deliberately created that way; the universe clearly exhibits the marks of intelligent design.
		As with the other arguments, there are a number of objections to the argument from design.
	www.existence-of-god.com /argument-from-design.html (672 words)

	Argument from Design by Peter Kreeft
		The minor premise is the existence of design throughout the universe.
		There is one especially strong version of the argument from design that hits close to home because it's about the design of the very thing we use to think about design: our brains.
		Another specially strong aspect of the design argument is the so-called anthropic principle, according to which the universe seems to have been specially designed from the beginning for human life to evolve.
	www.peterkreeft.com /topics/design.htm (1062 words)

	The Argument from Design
		The Argument from Design, also known as the teleological argument, is one of the most common arguments used by evangelists in defense of their god figure.
		Another, less common argument known as the Theistic Anthropic Principle is basically the Argument from Design's abiogenesis version, slightly reworded and placed in something approaching argument form.
		Finally, we must consider the most fundamental problem to all of these arguments: a probability for the outcome has not been determined and cannot be until all the possible outcomes are first defined.
	www.eskimo.com /~cwj2/atheism/design.html (1072 words)

	argument from design
		The argument from design is one of the "proofs" for the existence of God.
		The argument has been criticized for begging the question: it assumes the universe is designed in order to prove that it is the work of a designer.
		The argument also suppresses evidence: for all its beauty and grandeur, the universe is also full of, well, to be delicate, let us say that the universe is also full of nasties.
	www.skepdic.com /design.html (2053 words)

	Paley's formulation of the teleological argument
		The purpose of the machinery, the design, and the designer might be evident, and in the case supposed, would be evident, in whatever way we accounted for the irregularity of the movement, or whether we could account for it or not.
		He knows enough for his argument; he knows the utility of the end; he knows the subserviency and adaptation of the means to the end.
		The argument from design remains as it was.
	www-phil.tamu.edu /~gary/intro/paper.paley.html (2239 words)

	David Hume and the Argument from Design
		His main role is to pose arguments that the other two players can demolish, or to ask questions that give the other two characters opportunities to elaborate their positions.
		True, many people leap immediately from the notion of intelligent design to the theology of their particular sect, but the proper response by anyone who claims intellectual rigor is to show the hidden assumptions in that leap of reasoning.
		The bottom line is that none of the criticisms of the Argument From Design are compelled by any empirical or logical evidence; they are inspired solely by the desire to discredit the Argument From Design for the sake of discrediting it.
	www.uwgb.edu /dutchs/PSEUDOSC/Hume.htm (5492 words)

	CSC - Peer-Reviewed & Peer-Edited Publications Supporting the Theory of Intelligent Design (Annotated)
		As a religiously agnostic scientist, Denton emphasizes that this case for design is based upon scientific evidence and the application of standard forms of scientific reasoning.
		Behe sets forth a central concept of the contemporary design argument, the notion of “irreducible complexity.” Behe argues that the phenomena of his field include systems and mechanisms that display complex, interdependent, and coordinated functions.
		Meyer argues for design on the basis of the Cambrian explosion, the geologically sudden appearance of new animal body plans during the Cambrian period.
	www.discovery.org /scripts/viewDB/index.php?command=view&id=2640&progr... (3222 words)

	The Argument From Design (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Of course the more complex the design, the more difficult it is to believe that it happened by accident, and living organisms are much more complex than the Taj-Mahal.
		This may be partially true, but in many of our minds, we have adequate reason to consider things like living cells to be orderly, and orderly in a way that could never be explained by simple natural processes such as those put forward by naturalists so far.
		God says in the Bible that the argument from design is cogent and convincing.
	www.xenos.org /essays/design.htm (464 words)

	Paley's Teleological Argument For The Existence Of God (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		i.)The basic premise, of all teleological arguments for the existence of God, is that the world exhibits an intelligent purpose based on experience from nature such as its order, unity, coherency, design and complexity.
		Hence, there must be an intelligent designer to account for the observed intelligent purpose and order that we can observe.
		Just as a watch, with its inteligent design and complex function must have been created by an intelligent maker: a watchmaker, the universe, with all its complexity and greatness, must have been greated by an intelligent and powerful creator.
	members.aol.com /plweiss1/paley.htm (225 words)

	Carm, Theological Dictionary, A - B
		An argument where appeal is made to common sense and the judgment of people as validating a point.
		An argument using respect for great men, customs, institutions, and authority in an attempt to strengthen one's argument and provide an illusion of proof.
		A symbolic term used to designate the Christian church in its relation to Christ as one who is a pure virgin (2 Cor.
	www.carm.org /dictionary/dic_a-b.htm (3103 words)

	Bombardier Beetles and the Argument of Design
		Although it's rarely defined, the most important aspect of design as it relates to creationism appears to be complexity.
		Creationism, on the subject of design, says little except that similar forms were created for similar functions and different forms were created for different funtions, [Morris, 1985, p.
		Those arguments all share the same fallacies; they are all based on a combination of ignorace combined with a concept of design that is indistinguishable from evolution.
	www.talkorigins.org /faqs/bombardier.html (3310 words)

	Theistic Arguments: Argument from Design
		The Argument from Design, or Paley's Teleological Argument, is together with the First Cause argument probably the most important theistic argument.
		This argument states that the world exhibits so much detail, sophistication, purpose en design that it is inevitable to come to the conclusion that it was designed by a being we call God.
		Thus, the first axiom might well be changed to 'All things made by living beings from earth that look designed have a designer.' This shows once again that the argument cannot be used on anything like the Universe, or for that matter, the eye.
	www.positiveatheism.org /faq/design.htm (812 words)

	argument from design
		It is always dangerous to place your bet against something that it is possible to discover in the future that will prove you were wrong, as has happened not only with evidence for the Copernican system, but with evidence for the natural evolution of the flagellum of a bacterium.
		The designer, as Richard Dawkins put it, is "a blind watchmaker." That is not to be taken literally, of course.
		(The designer of the watch must be intelligent, according to Paley, because of the fact that the parts of the watch had to have been made to work together to fulfill their purpose.
	www.skepdic.com /comments/desigcom.html (6037 words)

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