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Topic: Argument from fallacy

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Logical fallacy

Ad hominem

College logic

Invalid proof

	Fallacy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A fallacy is a component of an argument which is demonstrably flawed in its logic or form, thus rendering the argument invalid (except in the case of begging the question) in whole.
		Because the validity of a deductive arguments depends on its form, a formal fallacy (or logical fallacy) is a deductive argument which has an invalid form, whereas an informal fallacy is any other invalid mode of reasoning whose flaw is not in the form of the argument.
		Fallacy of Accident (also called destroying the exception or a dicto simpliciter ad dictum secundum quid) meaning to argue erroneously from a general rule to a particular case, without proper regard to particular conditions which vitiate the application of the general rule; e.g.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fallacy (2387 words)

	Argument from fallacy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The argument from fallacy, also known as argumentum ad logicam or fallacy fallacy, is a logical fallacy which assumes that because an argument is fallacious then its conclusion must be false.
		Showing that arguments given for a position are fallacies does not disprove the position.
		It may, nevertheless, be correct; the argument merely should not compel anyone to believe, either way.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Argument_from_fallacy (271 words)

	Lesson_Fallacies
		Note: Fallacious arguments may have conclusions which are true but their fault lies in the pattern of reasoning used to lead to or support that conclusion.
		, fallacy of the : argument from a statement's having been repeatedly asserted to the conclusion that there must be some truth in the statement, or from a statement that at first appears so obviously false yet the arguer not irrational to the conclusion that there must be some truth to the statement.
		fallacy: argument in which a claim is accepted or rejected on the basis of its source; argument that projects characteristics of origins onto things developing from those origins.
	www2.sunysuffolk.edu /pecorip/SCCCWEB/SS650/Lesson_Fallacies.htm (1070 words)

	The Atheism Web: Logic & Fallacies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This fallacy is an argument of the form "A implies B, B is true, therefore A is true." To understand why it is a fallacy, examine the truth table for implication given earlier.
		This is the converse of Denial of the Antecedent.
		This fallacy is the reverse of the Fallacy of Accident.
	www.infidels.org /news/atheism/logic.html (5794 words)

	Logical fallacy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A logical fallacy is an error in logical argument or reasoning which is independent of the truth of the premises.
		Fallacies are used frequently by pundit s in the media and politics.
		An argument, or apparent argument, which professes to be decisive of the matter at issue, while in reality it is not; a sophism.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Logical_fallacy.html (2053 words)

	Fallacy - Uncyclopedia
		The average brazilian, when considering an argument, is primarily interested in whether the conclusion agrees with what he or she already thinks.
		However, as the young Gödel argued, the notion of fallacy depends on logic, and therefore not only is the concept of fallacy fallacious, but the entire preceding discussion as well.
		For example, by the modus ponens fallacy, from the true propositions "the letter A shot the letter B with an arrow" and "the letter A" you would be able to deduce the incorrect proposition "the letter B".
	uncyclopedia.org /wiki/Fallacy (682 words)

	The Autonomist - Logic Fallacies
		Using authority in argument or reason is not itself a fallacy, it is when authority is used instead of reason, or when the supposed authority is not a valid one, that a fallacy is committed.
		Argument from intimidation always points to some other agency or "situation" as the threat, and often the whole argument is an attempt to prove a threat exists, is grave, and requires immediate action (is an emergency that justifies the required action).
		The pathetic fallacy is a subset of this fallacy.
	usabig.com /autonomist/fallacies.html (14595 words)

	Logical Fallacies Handlist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Composition: This fallacy is a result of reasoning from the properties of the parts of the whole to the properties of the whole itself--it is an inductive error.
		Division: This fallacy is the reverse of composition.
		Argument from the Negative: Arguing from the negative asserts that, since one position is untenable, the opposite stance must be true.
	web.cn.edu /kwheeler/fallacies_list.html (4832 words)

	What is a Fallacy? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		All of the arguments that are guilty of committing that error may be said to be instances of that fallacy, so fallacies are strictly and classically considered to be types of arguments.
		In most cases the arguments that fall within the scope of the same fallacy all share a common (incorrect) assumption, which is the justification on which their different conclusions turn.
		An argument is generally considered to be fallacious not merely because it commits an error, but because there is some risk that someone might be taken in by the error.
	www.cuyamaca.net /bruce.thompson/Fallacies/discussion.asp (1842 words)

	Argumentum ad Misericordiam
		Abstract: The argument concerning the appeal to pity or a related emotion to gain the acceptance of a conclusion is evaluated.
		Hence, assent or dissent to a statement or an argument is sought on the basis of an irrelevant appeal to pity.
		Non-fallacious uses of the ad misericordiam include arguments where the appeal to pity or a related emotion is the subject of the argument or is a pertinent or germane reason for acceptance of the conclusion.
	philosophy.lander.edu /logic/misery.html (570 words)

	Wikinfo \| Logical fallacy
		A logical fallacy is an error of argument; it is a mistake in the way that the propositions (in the argument) are inter-related.
		Arguments intended to persuade may be convincing to many listeners despite containing such fallacies.
		By definition, logical fallacies are invalid, but they can often be written or rewritten so that they follow a valid argument form; and in that case, the challenge is to discover the false premise, which makes the argument unsound.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Logical_fallacy (774 words)

	s e v i t z d o t c o m \| Things that are not counter point
		The great thing about the "argument from fallacy" article is that the "obvious truthhood (sic)" that they give as an example is actually false.
		First, this looks like a straw man fallacy to me. I'm sure nobody in their right mind would suggest that the existence of piece of information on the Internet "means it is true", so the comment it an implied attack on a position nobody holds.
		A fallacy of composition arises when one infers that something is true of the whole from the fact that it is true of some part of the whole.
	www.sevitz.com /blog/2005/05/things_that_are_not_counter_point.asp (1329 words)

	First Handout
		AND the argument is valid because it is clearly impossible for "Snow is white" to be true as premise and false as conclusion.
		An argument exhibits this fallacy if a key term in the argument shifts its meaning during the course of the argument, and the argument is exposed as invalid because of this shift.
		For example, consider an argument from the premise that an altruistic stage of moral development occurs AFTER a selfish stage to the conclusion that altruism ought to be preferred to selfishness.
	www.msu.edu /~marianaj/Handout1.htm (6138 words)

	Erroneous methods of inference yielding convincing falsehoods
		This fallacy is the opposite of the appeal to authority.
		Syllogisms generally take as their "major argument" universal statements of the general form "all A are B," and draw inferences about members of the class "A," as demonstrated by the classical example of a syllogism: "All men are mortal.
		Reasoned arguments may only validly be answered with reasoned arguments, not with arguments which ignore reason and appeal to the reader's shame.
	www.angelfire.com /ks2/fallacies/fallinf.htm (3240 words)

	KJV-only Fallacy: Straw Man Argument
		Similarly, a straw man argument is a) a pale imitation of the real argument actually being made but close enough to fool some credulous people, and b) much weaker.
		An author commits this fallacy when he invents a straw man to attack and thus give the impression he has refuted the real argument.
		State that the argument being put forward as yours is, in fact, not yours.
	www.geocities.com /xenu_rules/misc-straw-man.html (680 words)

	Berkeley's Argument and the Perspectivist Fallacy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Berkeley's argument that material objects do not exist because the notion of an unconceived material object is a contradiction has been misinterpreted.
		Using Richard Rorty's and Hilary Putnam's arguments as examples, I attempt to show that these arguments do,in fact, share the same form as Berkeley's and that they fail because they assume, implicitly and without argument in the case of Rorty and Putnam, a view of representation similar to Berkeley's.
		I argue that these views of representation fallaciously analyze what is essentially a relation or interaction between subject and object as a self-subsistent object in the mind of the subject, a mistake that results in self-defeating views of representation and of objectivity.
	www.anselm.edu /homepage/dbanach/berkabs.htm (195 words)

	Argument from incredulity - EvoWiki
		An appeal to ignorance is an argument that absence of proof is evidence of absence.
		A famous example has theologists argue their hypothesis of an invisible X is one even a genius like Galileo could not prove false.
		This is the argument from personal incredulity, and it contains the unwritten assumption that the speaker is a superhuman genius who should be able to understand everything unless he is missing an assumption.
	wiki.cotch.net /index.php/Argument_from_incredulity (561 words)

	Logic Errors in an Argument (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This fallacy is committed only if it attacks the source of an argument and it claims that because of some flaw in the source of the argument the argument itself is flawed.
		Related is the genetic fallacy which is when a claim is thought to be false because of how/where it originated rather than what is being argued.
		Golden mean fallacy -- arguing that the mean between two extremes, the moderate position, is best simply because it represents the middle.
	www.mtsu.edu /~jaeller/logic.html (250 words)

	Fallacies
		An inductive argument is an argument such that the premises provide (or appear to provide) some degree of support (but less than complete support) for the conclusion.
		A good deductive argument is known as a valid argument and is such that if all its premises are true, then its conclusion must be true.
		A deductive fallacy is a deductive argument that is invalid (it is such that it could have all true premises and still have a false conclusion).
	www.nizkor.org /features/fallacies (545 words)

	The Opti Mystic: The Bonfire of Fallacies
		So an ad hominem argument (or fallacy) is an argument against your opponent rather than against the arguments he/she has put forth.
		As a result, the argument often tends to be irrelevant to the logic and/or facts of the opponent's arguments and hence is classified under "Fallacies of Relevance".
		If a woman has willingly slept with the accused the night before, she wouldn't have much credibility is she claims that the accused raped her the next night.
	supersam5.blogspot.com /2004/06/bonfire-of-fallacies.html (954 words)

	Talk:Argument from fallacy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This fallacy may be known as something else.
		I just added it because I have heard it used so many times in discussion groups etc.
		This page was last modified 12:08, 16 May 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Argument_from_fallacy (95 words)

	Population Fallacies - Questia Online Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		- Chapter 9: The Demographic Argument: the Fallacy of the Population Cycle
		- Chapter 11: The manpower argument: the fallacy of the labour shortage
		- Chapter 12: The burden of dependency argument: the fallacy of the ageing population
	www.questia.com /PM.qst?a=o&d=49535903 (275 words)

	Fallacy: Ad Hominem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		An Ad Hominem is a general category of fallacies in which a claim or argument is rejected on the basis of some irrelevant fact about the author of or the person presenting the claim or argument.
		First, an attack against the character of person making the claim, her circumstances, or her actions is made (or the character, circumstances, or actions of the person reporting the claim).
		The reason why an Ad Hominem (of any kind) is a fallacy is that the character, circumstances, or actions of a person do not (in most cases) have a bearing on the truth or falsity of the claim being made (or the quality of the argument being made).
	www.nizkor.org /features/fallacies/ad-hominem.html (268 words)

	divine fallacy
		The divine fallacy, or the argument from incredulity, is a species of non sequitur reasoning which goes something like this: I can't figure this out, so God must have done it.
		This fallacy is also a variation of the alien fallacy: I can't figure this out, so aliens must have done it.
		Another variation of the fallacy goes something like this: I can't figure this out, so paranormal forces must have done it.
	skepdic.com /dvinefal.html (189 words)

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