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Topic: Argumentum ad ignorantium

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	Argument from ignorance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The argument from ignorance, also known as argumentum ad ignorantiam or argument by lack of imagination, is a logical fallacy in which it is claimed that a premise is true only because it has not been proven false, or that a premise is false only because it has not been proven true.
		The types of fallacies discussed in this article should not be confused with the reductio ad absurdum method of argument, in which a valid logical contradiction of the form "A and not A" is used to disprove a premise.
		The argumentum ad ignorantiam [fallacy] is committed whenever it is argued that a proposition is true simply on the basis that it has not been proved false, or that it is false because it has not been proved true.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Argument_from_ignorance (1843 words)

	Logic: Logical Fallacies
		This is the opposite of argumentum ad crumenam.
		An "argumentum ad naseum" is one that employs constant repitition in asserting a concept.
		Shifting the burden of proof, a special case of "argumentum ad ignorantium," is a fallacy of putting the burden of proof on the person who denies or questions the assertion being made.
	www.theology.edu /logic/logic23.htm (1879 words)

	classical rhetoric appeals
		Ad Ignorantium is the argument that since it cannot be proven that something is false, it must be true, or that since there is no proof something is true, it must be false.
		Similar to the Argumentum Ad Populum, an argument supported by an assertion that many people subscribe to the conclusion in question, and that the more people who believe a proposition the more likely it is to be true.
		The appeal to an unnamed authority is a form of ad Verecundiam, where the claims made by a supposed expert on a particular subject cannot be tested as the authority is not indentified.
	ironyparty.org /fallaciesappeals.htm (821 words)

	[No title]
		ARGUMENTUM AD LAZARUM Description: A fallacy of assuming that because someone is poor he or she is sounder or more virtuous than one who is wealthier.
		An "argumentum ad nauseum" is one that employs constant repitition in asserting a truth.
		Fallacy of argumentum ad baculum (argument from power or force.) The Latin means "an argument according to the stick." "argument by means of the rod," "argument using force." Arguing to support the acceptance of an argument by a threat, or use of force.
	www.empowermentzone.com /fallacy.txt (6108 words)

	Followup-To: alt.atheism Archive-name: atheism/logic Alt-atheism-archive-name: logic Last-
		The circumstantial form of Argumentum ad Hominem is committed when a person argues that his opponent ought to accept the truth of an assertion because of the opponent's particular circumstances.
		ARGUMENTUM AD LAZARUM The fallacy of assuming that because someone is poor he or she is sounder or more virtuous than one who is wealthier.
		This fallacy is the opposite of the argumentum ad crumenam.
	www.skepticfiles.org /atheist/logicala.htm (4001 words)

	Logical Fallacies Handlist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		It overlaps with pathos and argumentum ad hominem to a certain extent.
		Appeal to Improper Authority (Argumentum Ad Verecundium, literally "argument from that which is improper"): An appeal to an improper authority, such as a famous person or a source that may not be reliable.
		Appeal to a Lack of Evidence (Argumentum Ad Ignorantium, literally "Argument from Ignorance"): Appealing to a lack of information to prove a point, or arguing that, since the opposition cannot disprove a claim, the opposite stance must be true.
	web.cn.edu /kwheeler/fallacies_list.html (4845 words)

	Supreme Law School : E-mail : Box 016 : Msg 01670
		Ad baculum arguments also include threats of fear to cause >acceptance (e.g., "Do this or you'll go to Hell when you die!" or "I made him >an offer he couldn't refuse.").
		Ad ignorantium arguments are also known as "appeals to >ignorance." This fallacy has two forms: > >1.
		ad nauseum is one that employs constant repitition >in asserting a a statement is the truth.
	www.supremelaw.org /sls/email/box016/msg01670.htm (1964 words)

	Logical Fallacies and the Art of Debate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Argumentum ad nauseam (argument to the point of disgust; i.e., by repitition).
		Argumentum ad populum (argument or appeal to the public).
		Two examples are argumentum ad antiquitatem (saying something's right because it's always been done that way) and the appeal to nature (saying something's right because it's natural).
	www.csun.edu /~dgw61315/fallacies.html#Argumentumadignorantium (5262 words)

	[No title]
		To conclude otherwise is to fall victim of the Argumentum ad Ignorantiam.
		Either case is a logical fallacy, an appeal to ignorance." The argumentum ad ignorantium is committed whenever it is argued that a proposition is true simply on the basis that it has not been proved false, or that it is false because it has not been proved true.
		Shifting the burden of proof, a special case of Argumentum ad Ignorantiam, is the fallacy of putting the burden of proof on the person who denies or questions the assertion being made.
	www.grahamkendall.net /Unsorted_files-1/A21-Logic.txt (3942 words)

	NCPA Debate Central -- Logical Fallacies and Debate
		Because an argumentum ad antiquitatem is easily refuted by simply pointing it out, in general it should be avoided.
		The appropriate time to mention argumentum ad nauseam in a debate round is when the other team has made some assertion, failed to justify it, and then stated it again and again.
		In general, debaters should be called down for committing argumentum ad verecundiam only when (a) they rely on an unqualified source for information about facts without other (qualified) sources of verification, or (b) they imply that some policy must be right simply because so-and-so thought so.
	www.ncpa.org /debate2/fallacies.html (5283 words)

	Christian Fallacies
		Argumentum ad logicam matters because it's a favorite of Xtians, under the guise of the "straw man argument." This is the fallacy of refuting a caricatured or extreme version of somebody's argument, rather than the actual argument they've made.
		This fallacy is often masked as an appeal to avoid the "slippery slope." A variant is reductio ad absurdum, where one carries the opponent's position to its logical end, without mentioning that this is not the inevitable result of the opponent's viewpoint.
		Ad populum is construed narrowly to designate an appeal to the opinions of people in the immediate vicinity, perhaps in hope of getting others to jump on the bandwagon, whereas ad numeram is used to designate appeals based purely on the number of people who hold a particular belief.
	www.etymonline.com /columns/fallacy.htm (1750 words)

	BADARGS
		Argumentum ad verecundiam; An appeal to authority: Evolution is a fact, because Dr. Stephen Gould says so.
		Argumentum ad baculum; An appeal to force: Christianity is correct; if you don't agree we will burn you at the stake.
		Argumentum ad ignorantium; An appeal to ignorance: There is no proof that humans descended from rabbits, but there is also nothing in the fossil record to disprove this hypothesis either.
	www.burgy.50megs.com /badargs.htm (868 words)

	[No title]
		ARGUMENTUM AD BACULUM / APPEAL TO FORCE ======================================= The Appeal to Force is committed when the arguer resorts to force or the threat of force in order to try and push the acceptance of a conclusion.
		ARGUMENTUM AD LAZARUM ===================== The fallacy of assuming that because someone is poor he or she is sounder or more virtuous than one who is wealthier.
		The ways of God are mysterious." ARGUMENTUM AD LOGICAM ===================== This is the "fallacy fallacy" of arguing that a proposition is false merely on the grounds that it has been presented as the conclusion of a fallacious argument.
	mysite.verizon.net /frautsch/quotes/arguments.txt (5533 words)

	Home Debate Page Previous (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Well, it would be argumentum ad ignorantium, if I was saying something like, “If they can’t prove that ghosts don’t exist, then they do.” But, that is something very different than what I am taking about.
		You see argumentum ad ignorantium draws a conclusion based on what you don’t know, rather than what you do know.
		Concluding, since the way I am using “inability” is absolute and not contingent, the assertion of argumentum ad ignorantium is false.
	home.earthlink.net /~gbl111/dialog_4_round_3.htm (679 words)

	Ronaldinho Nike Ad
		In the ad Ronaldinho puts on a pair of Nikes, juggles the ball a few times, and then kicks the ball towards the goal so that it hits the crossbar and bounces directly back to him.
		Given that it's an ad, I would assume it's fake, since one should always assume that what you see in ads is bogus, unless it's proven otherwise.
		This ad is actually real, there was an interview on Good Morning America with the Marketing Director for Nike, he said that they had asked Ronaldinho to go out and try a few things as practice/taping and the commercial is what they ended up with.
	www.museumofhoaxes.com /hoax/weblog/comments/3808/P40 (712 words)

	Pascal's Wager - Not As Invalid As We Think (Part 2) :: Forums :: The Infidel Guy Show :: Taking a Critical Look At ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Your reasoning has consisted of argumentum ad ignorantium, argumentum ad baculum, argumentum ad populum, argumentum ad verecundium, circulus in demonstrando, non sequitor, and many others.
		Adding the threat of Pascal's wager does not provide evidence of god's existence.
		That's true, Pascal's Wager is not interested in proving god's existence, it is interested in the fallacy of argumentum ad baculum, which is an appeal to force.
	www.infidelguy.com /ftopicp-49260-.html (5095 words)

	Constructing a Logical Argument (2002 Apr 08)
		This particular form of Argumentum ad Hominem, when one alleges that one's adversary is rationalizing a conclusion formed from selfish interests, is also known as "poisoning the well".
		This fallacy is closely related to the argumentum ad populum.
		This is the opposite of the argumentum ad antiquitam; it is the fallacy of asserting that something is more correct simply because it is new or newer than something else.
	www.hacksaw.org /argue.html (4119 words)

	For all those that like to debate on SOHH (The Fallacies of Reasoning) - SOHH.com Global Forum
		Argumentum Ad Verecundiam: Whatever is old is better.
		Argumentum Ad Populum: Something is good or right because everyone else thinks so.
		Argumentum Ad Hominem: Attacking the individual, rather than his ideas.
	forums.sohh.com /showthread.php?t=374840 (475 words)

	Rhetoric of Gun Control
		There are several variations of argumentum ad populum, which translates to "argument directed to the people." As used here, the fallacy refers to appeals to popular opinion that stimulate and excite the public to favor a particular position.
		Ad hominem works because of the emotional transference that occurs from listeners' feelings about a speaker to their feelings about [Page 75] his or her argument.
		Both opponents and proponents of gun control commit the fallacy of argumentum ad ignorantiam when they argue that the absence of proof concerning the efficacy of gun control supports their respective positions.
	www.saf.org /LawReviews/McClurgA1.html (18598 words)

	:: Welcome To Word Of Truth Ministries :: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Argumentum ad berculum: This seeks to persuade someone to accept a certain conclusion by appealing to force.
		Ad hominem in itself deals with arguing to the man, i.e.
		The fallacy of ad hominen - abusive, operates on the principle of guilt by association.
	www.wtmkenya.org /apologetics/ap10.htm (6166 words)

	Help. Request for New Philosophical Phrase!
		On the basis of "ad hominem" I suggest "ad puerum".
		"ignorantium" seems to be the genitive plural of the present
		An Ad Hominem is a general category of fallacies in which a claim or
	www.newsbackup.com /about537513.html (953 words)

	Re: OT- Pregnancy after 40
		Here's why: Argumentum ad ignorantium is a logical fallacy wherein the proponent claims that a proposition is true simply on the basis that it has not been proved false, OR that it is false because it has not been proved true.
		Once the burden of proof has been established, the fallacy of argumentum ad ignorantium can be applied to any argument in favor of the proponent.
		An explanation of burden of proof in logical argumentation regarding the existence of a god can be found here: http://www.objectivethought.com/ath..urdenproof.html The fact that these logical ideals conflict with your personal faith in the nonexistence of any god does not make them any less valid.
	www.pahealthsystems.com /message33128.html (440 words)

	Psychology 101
		Ad Hominem The traditional Latin term for the first fallacy is argumentum ad hominem and it means, literally, "argument against the man" In ordinary English it should be translated "attack the person." It occurs when someone attempts to refute a person's claim by attacking that person rather than the claim.
		When he or she isn't, the Fallacy of Appeal to Authority (Latin: ad verecundiam) is committed.
		The Latin term is argumentum ad popu- lum, which means "appeal to the people." (Other translations are "appeal to the gallery," "appeal to the masses," and "appeal to the mob.") The basic form is: Lots of people do x.
	www.msu.edu /user/kerr/p450/graych3p.htm (8663 words)

	Plant Engineering (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Argumentum ad ignorantium (literally, "argument from ignorance") is also popularly known as being asked to prove a negative -- or stated another way, to prove something isn't the case.
		For example, a maintenance manager is asked to replace an expensive part on a malfunctioning machine because the problem can't be found and that part just might be the cause.
		The argumentum ad hominem (literally, "argument at the man") attacks an opponent's person instead of the argument.
	www.manufacturing.net /ple/article/CA109146.html (1024 words)

	15
		I’m asking you of the jury to help him with a judgment against the power company for putting that pole so close to the street.
		You have not a shred of evidence that these crop circles were made by humans: no footprints, car tracks, or other evidence.
		Sally was so frightened that all her hair and teeth fell out and she itches a lot now.
	www.umanitoba.ca /faculties/arts/philosophy/15.129_L12_03Rquiz1.htm (889 words)

	Debunking The Second Gospel According To Saint Luebbert (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		That, of course, is a logical fallacy (typically, argumentum ad ignorantium, but like all religious processes, atheism runs afoul of logic in several instances) and makes atheism fundamentally an illogical creed.” Attacking atheism generally does not undermine my contention whatsoever.
		As for Tipler, it is true I have not read his books, nor do I intend to, but I did read a lengthy paraphrase and criticism which I found satisfactory for my purposes.
		Luebbert says, “Meanwhile, and at the risk of argumentum ad verencundiam, I trust that no one, me included, will feel the need to defend Tulane University’s world-wide known and most eminent mathematical physicist against ad hominem attacks the likes of Mr.
	www.useless-knowledge.com /1234/nov/article087.html (1057 words)

	Revelation 5 Revisited - Pros Apologian
		One of the glorious truths [argumentum ad superbium] of Scripture is that Jesus is not a hypothetical Savior [straw man], a mere wanna-be who fails with regularity [argumentum ad odium].
		Argumentum ad superbium: It is a glorious truth of Scripture that Jesus is a perfect Savior, is it not?
		I do not apologize for asserting that the glory of God is, in fact, central to my understanding of the entire drama of Creation and Redemption.
	www.aomin.org /index.php?itemid=1311 (1401 words)

	congressman; Kansas; Scherer; Thomas E. Scherer; Dennis Moore; Democrat; progressive - More on Education
		We will be adding a positional statement or white paper on this critical issue because it is a very important campaign issue.
		It is quite disturbing how individuals, especially those in power and those entrusted with the care of our children, continue using their unfounded rhetoric to construct their arguments in political debate to support an indefensible conclusion that they have chosen.
		Their willingness to engage in the dangerous use of the logical fallacy -- argumentum ad ignorantium (argument to ignorance) and perpetuate the destructive system that has evolved (and is very profitable to them) is one of the greatest threats that America faces today.
	www.schererforcongress.com /wst_page14.html (5996 words)

	Ritter's Crypto Glossary and Dictionary of Technical Cryptography
		Thus, new keys could be added to the start of the alias file just using a simple and secure file copy operation.
		where ad is the number of augmented doubles, and r[i] is the exact repetition count at the i-th level.
		However, since the trials should have approximately a simple Poisson distribution (which has only a single parameter), we could be a bit more clever and fit the results to the expected distribution, thus perhaps developing a bit more accuracy.
	www.ciphersbyritter.com /GLOSSARY.HTM (9202 words)

	Logic Fallacies
		Ad ignorantium arguments are also known as "appeals to ignorance." This fallacy has two forms:
		This fallacy is the opposite of the informal fallacy "argumentum ad crumenam."
		Description: A fallacy that asserts that the more people who support or believe a proposition then the more likely that that proposition is correct; it equates mass support with correctness.
	members.aol.com /standardcharter/logic.html (1874 words)

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