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Topic: Ariane (rocket)

	Ariane (rocket) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ariane is a series of a European civilian expendable launch vehicles for space launch use.
		Ariane 1 was a 3-stage launcher, derived from missile technology.
		A 4.5 m, 85 kg flyable model of the Ariane 4, built by the Advanced Rocketry Group Of Switzerland (ARGOS), was launched in 2002 in Amarillo, Texas and successfully again on 19 September 2004 at 12:15 local time in the Val de Ruz in the Canton of Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ariane (660 words)

	Ariane 5 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Ariane 5G uses the EPS (Étage à Propergols Stockables/Storable Propellant Stage), which is fueled by monomethylhydrazine (MMH) and nitrogen tetroxide, where the Ariane 5 ECA uses the ESC (Étage Supérieur Cryotechnique/Cryogenic Upper Stage), which is fueled by liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen.
		Although marred by failures of the first rockets of each model, the Ariane 5 continues the tradition of the Ariane 4, which during the time of its operation was the most reliable commercial rocket available (only three of its 104 launches failed).
		Ariane 5's first test flight (Ariane 5 Flight 501) on 4 June 1996 failed, with the rocket self-destructing 37 seconds after launch because of a malfunction in the control software, which was arguably one of the most expensive computer bugs in history.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ariane_5 (1773 words)

	Ariane
		Ariane 1 flew 11 times from 1979 to 1986, failed twice, and launched a number of communications and other satellites, and the Giotto probe to Halley’s Comet.
		The first and third stages of the Ariane 2 and 3 were lengthened from those of their predecessor to enable a longer burn time, and the engines of stages one, two, and three were increased in thrust.
		Ariane 5’s 17,500-kg LEO (low Earth orbit) payload capacity was intended to accommodate the Hermes space plane.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/A/Ariane.html (610 words)

	Ariane Rockets
		The Ariane 5 rocket is a heavy lift launcher used to launch commercial satellites and ESA science projects into space.
		Ariane 3 first flew August 1984 with 150% more payload capacity than Ariane 1, a larger third stage and payload fairing, and two strap-on solid propellant boosters.
		Ariane 2 had the same launch configuration as its predecessor, though lacking the strap-on boosters.
	www.astronomytoday.com /exploration/ariane.html (560 words)

	Space Today Online - Delta 4 and Atlas 5 space rockets
		This rocket had a larger fairing covering the satellite and a pair of Aerojet solid rocket boosters that allowed it to leave the pad at twice the speed of the previous Atlas 5.
		Ariane 5 ECA is able to lift almost twice the payload of the Ariane 5G version.
		The maiden flight of the Ariane 5 ECA rocket was attempted in December 2002.
	www.spacetoday.org /Rockets/Delta4_Atlas5.html (2116 words)

	CNN - Unmanned European rocket explodes on first flight - June 4, 1996
		The rocket soared from its launch pad in French Guiana on the northeastern shoulder of South America at 1233 GMT.
		Ariane 5's original lift-off had been delayed for about an hour because of low cloud cover before officials gave it the go-ahead.
		The explosion was a setback for Arianespace, whose previous models of the Ariane rocket had been some of the most reliable vehicles for satellite launches.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/9606/04/rocket.explode (322 words)

	Ariane (rocket) - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Rocket, self-propelled device that carries its own fuel, as well as the oxygen, or other chemical agent, needed to burn its fuel.
		Atlas (rocket), family of rockets used primarily as launch vehicles for commercial, military, and scientific satellites.
		Delta (rocket), family of rockets that began service as satellite-launching vehicles for the United States government in 1960.
	encarta.msn.com /Ariane_(rocket).html (199 words)

	Ariane-5
		At present, the Ariane 5 functions as a Commercial Satellite Launcher and will be used to launch the ATV Cargo/Supply Spacecraft to the International Space station (ISS) in the future.
		Ariane 5 Versatile is an improved version of Ariane 5's current upper stage.
		The first flight of the Ariane 5 was in June, 1996 carrying four ESA Cluster satellites, unfortunately the launch failed.
	www.aerospaceguide.net /lv/ariane5.html (286 words)

	As scientists toast Ariane liftoff, rocket strays and is destroyed (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Officials said the rocket was blown up by remote control at a height of 13,120 feet as a safety precaution to prevent it slamming back toward Kourou, the capital of French Guiana, on the northeast shoulder of South America.
		Two U.S. communications satellites were lost in an Ariane rocket crash in December 1994, and seven other launches have ended in failure because rockets veered off course and had to be destroyed.
		Ariane 4 has a waiting list of 45 launches, including eight more scheduled for this year.
	chron.com /content/chronicle/world/96/06/05/rocketdestroyed.2-0.html (643 words)

	Ariane-5 rocket launch successful \| TechWhack News
		This rocket is capable of carrying satellite payloads of up to 10 metric tons and it was launched from the Europe’s space base in Kourou on the northeast coast of South America at 8.46 p.m.
		European Ariane rocket launch delayed Arianespace, a commercial European company has said in a released statement that they have delayed the launch of a European Ariane rocket carrying two telecommunications satellites.
		Japan launches M-5 Rocket with X-ray telescopes While the United States is waiting for the launch of the first Space Shuttle mission (Discovery) in nearly 2.5 years, Japan has launched a little mission of their own.
	news.techwhack.com /2450/171111-ariane-5-rocket-launch-successful (541 words)

	Niels papermodels - Ariane 3
		The decision to develop ariane 3 as a successor of ariane 1 was made in july 1979 or almost half a year before the first ariane 1 ever had flown.
		Ariane 3 should fulfil the need for a launcher capable of launching 2 tonnes in geostationary orbit.
		The ariane 3 was further developed in to the ariane 4.
	www.geocities.com /npmvik7/ariane3.htm (247 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Ariane Launch Report \| Mission Status Center
		On Sunday, the first and second stages of the Ariane 44P rocket were fueled with their storable liquid propellant, which is composed of a nitrogen tetroxide oxidizer and an unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine fuel.
		Since the now one-month delay of Flight 137 was announced in early December, the Ariane 44P's first and second stages were unloaded of their storable propellants on December 14, followed on December 15 by the removal of the communications satellite payload from the rocket.
		The rocket's protective nose cone, or payload fairing, was removed on Friday for inspections "after an anomaly was detected during the final pre-launch inspections on Wednesday," an Arianespace reported.
	spaceflightnow.com /ariane/v137/status.html (4566 words)

	The Skeptics Proved Wrong: Ariane Rocket Is 20 Years Old
		Its previous rocket, the Europa, failed in each of 11 launch attempts, and was scrapped in February of that year.
		But that night, the words "European Space Agency" emerged for the first time, and the catalyst of the future agency was to be the Ariane rocket.
		Ariane turned out to have been the right choice at the right time.
	www.space.com /news/spacehistory/ariane_anniversary_991223.html (750 words)

	SPACE.com -- Final Ariane 4 Rocket Sends Intelsat 907 to Orbit
		The decision in 2000 to retire the Ariane 4 family of rockets was driven by the marketplace, Mowry said.
		The subsequent hold in Ariane 5 launches and the lack, now, of any Ariane 4 boosters is forcing Arianespace to work with their satellite customers to reschedule missions.
		Overall it was the 40th launch to use this Ariane 44L configuration, the 116th launch in the Ariane 4 family and the 158th Ariane launch.
	www.space.com /missionlaunches/ariane4_launch_030214.html (834 words)

	ESA - Launch vehicles - Ariane 5 Generic
		Ariane 5 made its first successful launch on 30 October 1997.
		In order for Ariane 5 to use Europe’s Spaceport in Kourou ESA built a new launch site as well as facilities to integrate the solid boosters and produce the solid propellant they use.
		Ariane 5 is used for launches into geostationary orbit, medium and low-Earth orbits and sun-synchronous orbits.
	www.esa.int /export/SPECIALS/Launchers_Access_to_Space/ASEVLU0TCNC_0.html (112 words)

	CNN - Ariane rocket blasts into space, launches two satellites - February 27, 1999
		Friday's launch was the first of 13 scheduled Ariane missions for 1999 and the 43rd consecutive successful launch of an Ariane-4 rocket.
		Initially targeted for launch on February 3, Ariane's first mission this year was postponed after technical problems aboard the rocket were detected during prelaunch tests in late January.
		Paris-based Arianespace, which launches and markets the Ariane rocket series, said it had 38 heavy satellites on order to be launched worth an estimated $3.5 billion.
	www.cnn.com /TECH/space/9902/27/ariane.launch.01/index.html (459 words)

	Ariane rocket puts Eutelsat satellite in orbit
		The rocket punched through a deck of low-altitude clouds but emerged seconds later and was visible from the ground for over six minutes.
		Friday's mission was the second of 12 planned Ariane rocket launches for 1998.
		The world market for commercial satellite services -- rockets, satellites and ground stations -- was estimated to have exceeded $30 billion last year and is expected to double by 2000.
	www.chron.com /cgi-bin/auth/story.mpl/content/interactive/space/news/98/980228ariane.html (368 words)

	Spaceflight :Arianespace and the Ariane Family of Rockets
		Ariane 1, March 4, 1984, payload was Intelsat V F8.
		Ariane was the centerpiece of the European Space Agency (ESA) during its early years.
		Industry analysts note that although Ariane may not be the cheapest launch vehicle available, even in the dual launch configuration, Arianespace's customer service and flexibility—such as a launch range free of other military or human spaceflight launches—makes it a highly-effective competitor.
	www.centennialofflight.gov /essay/SPACEFLIGHT/ariane/SP42.htm (1561 words)

	New Ariane Rocket Fails Just After Takeoff
		Le Gall apologized to customers for the failure of the Ariane rocket, which was carrying two satellites: a Hotbird TM7 for the European telecoms consortium Eutelsat and Stentor, an experimental communications satellite for the French space research institute CNES.
		Ariane 5-ESCA is a modified version of the Ariane 5 which began commercial operations in 1999.
		The rocket's original capacity has been boosted from 5.9 tonnes to a massive 10 tonnes, enabling it to accommodate larger satellites and combine several of them in a single launch to slash costs.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/launchers-02s.html (839 words)

	ARIANE 5 Failure - Full Report
		The Board's findings are based on thorough and open presentations from the Ariane 5 project teams, and on documentation which has demonstrated the high quality of the Ariane 5 programme as regards engineering work in general and completeness and traceability of documents.
		The design of the Ariane 5 SRI is practically the same as that of an SRI which is presently used on Ariane 4, particularly as regards the software.
		The same requirement does not apply to Ariane 5, which has a different preparation sequence and it was maintained for commonality reasons, presumably based on the view that, unless proven necessary, it was not wise to make changes in software which worked well on Ariane 4.
	www.ima.umn.edu /~arnold/disasters/ariane5rep.html (5614 words)

	Ariane 5 - European Space Activities
		As many as 64 Ariane 5 vehicles will be built by the year 2010, and French officials have informally offered to license Ariane 5 technology to the US to meet heavy-lift requirements.
		However, enthusiasm within ESA for a massive upgrade program for Ariane, after an initial investment of nearly $7 billion and concerns about launch costs, is not high (References 35-41).
		Specific Ariane 5 enhancements, including an improved Vulcain main engine and a change in the ratio and mass of the propellants, represent a near-term improvement which could increase the booster payload capacity to LEO by two metric tons.
	www.fas.org /spp/guide/europe/launch/ariane5.htm (1736 words)

	A Bug and a Crash by James Gleick
		The rocket was making an abrupt course correction that was not needed, compensating for a wrong turn that had not taken place.
		One extra absurdity: the calculation containing the bug, which shut down the guidance system, which confused the on-board computer, which forced the rocket off course, actually served no purpose once the rocket was in the air.
		But engineers chose long ago, in an earlier version of the Ariane, to leave this function running for the first 40 seconds of flight -- a "special feature" meant to make it easy to restart the system in the event of a brief hold in the countdown.
	www.around.com /ariane.html (1203 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Ariane Launch Report \| Ariane 5 rocket engine experienced 'major problem'
		It was the maiden flight of the Ariane 5 ECA rocket, a more powerful version of the Ariane 5 with a modified first stage engine and brand new cryogenic upper stage.
		The flight continued as the twin solid rocket boosters burned out and were jettisoned from the Ariane 5's cryogenic first stage at +2 minutes, 17 seconds.
		The Ariane 502 rocket did achieve orbit in October 1997, but was also lower than planned due to a premature shutdown of the first stage main engine.
	www.spaceflightnow.com /ariane/v157/021212update.html (1427 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Egypt's first satellite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		An Ariane rocket carried Egypt's first satellite together with a Japanese cousin into orbit Tuesday night [early Wednesday Cairo time], the 108th successful launch of an Ariane, officials said.
		The rocket punched through a layer of low-altitude clouds but reappeared seconds later and was visible from the ground for over three minutes.
		Officials reported the rocket had a "higher than expected roll" after separating from its booster rocket, and that additional tests would be needed.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /1998/375/fro1.htm (799 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Ariane Launch Report \| Ariane 5 rocket launches double cargo with success
		The rocket was unable to reach the proper altitude, leaving BSAT 2b stranded in a worthless orbit.
		Once BSAT 2c had successfully deployed from the rocket Wednesday night, satellite officials were relieved to have their new spacecraft in orbit.
		The next Ariane 5G is scheduled to launch in August with the Indian Space Research Organization's Insat 3E and Eutelsat's e-Bird communications satellites and European Space Agency's SMART 1 technology demonstration craft destined to orbit the Moon.
	www.spaceflightnow.com /ariane/v161 (1044 words)

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