Aridity index - Factbites

Aridity index - Factbites
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Topic: Aridity index

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In the News (Mon 28 Dec 09)

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	ARIDITY ON THE CANADIAN PLAINS: PAST RECORDS AND FUTURE FORECASTS
		Because both lake and tree-ring analyses recorded an abrupt amelioration of climatic conditions near the start of the instrumental record, we suggest that the immediate impacts of future global warming may be to return the prairie environment to past conditions in which persistent aridity was recorded for intervals of decades or longer.
		The Prairie Ecozone is the only major region of Canada where drought is a landscape hazard; aridity is closely linked to soil erosion and degradation.
		The climate of the 20th century was anomalous in terms of the absence of sustained drought and the climate normal period of 1961-1990 may have been among the most benign of the past 750 years.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/inqu/finalprogram/abstract_55507.htm (371 words)

	Encyclopedia article: Desert
		However, aridity alone can't provide an accurate description of what a desert is. For example, Phoenix, Arizona (additional info and facts about Phoenix, Arizona) receives less than 250 millimeters, (10 inches), of precipitation per year, and is immediately recognized as being located in the desert.
		These places owe their profound aridity (the average annual precipitation is often less than 40mm) to being very far from the nearest available sources of moisture.
		Polar deserts are areas with annual precipitation less than 250 millimeters and a mean temperature during the warmest month of less than 10° C. Polar deserts on Earth cover nearly 5 million square kilometers and are mostly bedrock (Solid unweathered rock lying beneath surface deposits of soil) or gravel (Rock fragments and pebbles) plains.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/d/de/desert.htm (3564 words)

	Search Results for aridity - Encyclopædia Britannica
		This region experiences an aridity that is primarily caused by the dry subsidence created by the South Pacific high pressure cell and the stabilizing action of the cold Peru Current.
		Plant and animal life are scarce and consist of species that can withstand the high degree of aridity and heat.
		Explains the reasons for presence of vast desertlands, its aridity, land degradation, and drought.
	www.britannica.com /search?query=aridity (337 words)

	ARIDITY.TXT
		And in aridity he can tell a soul that it is a strong soul, and does not need consolations.
		Here are some passages from Saints who had much aridity, but profited from it: 1.
		Sins, and even imperfections, even attachments to earthly things can predispose one to aridity.
	www.ewtn.com /library/SCRIPTUR/ARIDITY.TXT (2405 words)

	AMS Glossary
		Of this type are Thornthwaite's precipitation- effectiveness index and moisture index, E. de Martonne's index of aridity, W. Gorczyński's aridity coefficient, Lang's moisture factor, and Ångström's humidity coefficient.
		The overall concept of aridity versus humidity is coming to be known as precipitation effectiveness.
		The first, used by W. Köppen and modified by Bailey, does not openly define aridity, but rather assigns delimiting values of annual precipitation (treated with regard to distribution and temperature) to separate a dry climate from other types.
	amsglossary.allenpress.com /glossary/search?id=aridity1 (150 words)

	Water Resources eAtlas - Watersheds of the World
		This map is based on an aridity index derived from the ratio of mean annual precipitation to the mean annual potential evapotranspiration.
		Additional aridity zones include hyperarid environments where ratios are less than 0.05 and humid areas where ratios are greater then 0.65.
		Six aridity zones are delineated based on the ratio of precipitation to potential evapotranspiration (PET).
	www.iucn.org /themes/wani/eatlas/html/gm10.html (696 words)

	DID THE WOOD ROACH CAUSE the PERMIAN- ARIDITY, RED BEDS, and CONIFER RISE?
		The aridity of South Africa [Smith] may have been from winds from the southeast drifting down off those glaciers and turning to the west from Coriolis forces.
		It is suggested that the symbiosis of cellulose digesting microbes with the cockroach, probably in the Permian, caused fundamental ecological changes which lowered soil organic matter, created aridity, helped increase atmospheric carbon dioxide, helped eliminate glaciers, and favored conifers with their inert interior and wood poisons.
		Cellulose digestion by wood roaches may have removed enough mulch (detritus) to have caused hiatus of coal, aridity, and some of the temperature rise, as well as increasing conifers in late Permian.
	www.angelfire.com /nc/isoptera/roach.html (7299 words)

	Map - Watersheds of the World - Aridity
		This map is based on an aridity index derived from the ratio of mean annual precipitation to the mean annual potential evapotranspiration.
		These areas are based on an aridity index, calculated as a ratio between precipitation and evapotranspiration in the range
		The identification of arid area is based on the World Atlas of Desertification (United Nations Environment Program [UNEP], 1992) global aridity zone map, consisting of a 30-minute resolution map that divides the world into six aridity zones.
	www.earthtrends.org /text/water-resources/map-277.html (170 words)

	Drought in the West linked to warmer temperatures
		Analyzing aridity in the western U.S. over the past 1,200 years, the study team, which also included scientists from the University of Arizona, University of Arkansas, and NOAA, found evidence suggesting that elevated aridity in the U.S. West may be a natural response to climate warming.
		The study revealed that a 400-year-long period of elevated aridity and epic drought occurred in what is now the western U.S. during the period A.D. This corresponds broadly to the so-called "Medieval Warm Period," a time in which a variety of paleoclimate records indicate unusual warmth over much of the Northern Hemisphere.
		Severe drought in western states in recent years may be linked to climate warming trends, according to new research led by scientists from the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University to be posted October 7 on Science magazine's website, www.sciencemag.org.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-10/teia-dit100404.php (608 words)

	Aridity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		a term used to define dryness of an environment, [ie, an organic structure (eg plant or animal) will have more of its moisture removed more quickly when in an environment of high aridity.]
		See our fundraising page and the daily reports for details.
		This page was last modified 18:10, 17 December 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aridity (78 words)

	Water, Aridity and the Growth of the American West
		As a result, the connections between aridity, human thirst, water control, and social power have not been obvious to the region or its historians.
		In the case of irrigation, an ecological view of history would hold that aridity has been a crucial, though not a rigidly deterministic experience for people to deal with.
		To remedy that failure -- and it is an immense one, with immense implications -- we must make a long, wide-ranging excursion outside the borders of the United States to the farthest points of the earth, wherever other people have also encountered dry places and tried to overcome their natural limits.
	carbon.cudenver.edu /stc-link/weblink/water/materials/worster.html (15493 words)

	Saudi Arabia
		Extreme heat and aridity are characteristic of most of Saudi Arabia.
		Annual rainfall in Riyadh averages 81 mm (3.2 in) and falls almost exclusively between January and May; the average in Jiddah is 61 mm (2.4 in) and occurs between November and January.
		In the east, along the Persian Gulf, is a low-lying region known as Al Ahsa'.
	www.ovayonda.ws /lodging/country/sa.html (517 words)

	A late Eemian aridity pulse in central Europe during the last glacial inception : Nature
		Here we present an annually resolved, layer-counted record of varve thickness, quartz grain size and pollen assemblages from a maar lake in the Eifel (Germany), which documents a late Eemian aridity pulse lasting 468 years with dust storms, aridity, bushfire and a decline of thermophilous trees at the time of glacial inception.
		The late Eemian aridity pulse occurred at a 65° N July insolation of 416 W m
		We interpret the decrease in both precipitation and temperature as an indication of a close link of this extreme climate event to a sudden southward shift of the position of the North Atlantic drift, the ocean current that brings warm surface waters to the northern European region.
	www.nature.com /nature/journal/v436/n7052/abs/nature03905.html (289 words)

	MEXICO (Span. Mejico, or Mexico,) - Online Information article about MEXICO (Span. Mejico, or Mexico,)
		Its upper waters are not much navigated because of the aridity of its coasts, but there are two or three important ports towards the south.
		horse latitudes, crosses the northern parts of Lower California and Sonora, which accounts for their extreme aridity.
		The southern terraces of the plateau have no high mountain barriers between them and the moist winds of the Caribbean, and they too receive an abundant rainfall in the wet season, especially during the prevalence of heavy " northers " on the Gulf coast.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /MEC_MIC/MEXICO_Span_Mejico_or_Mexico_.html (6703 words)

	Forage Aridity Index from ARA database
		For the aridity index, water holding capacity of the soil = field capacity - permanent wilting point.
		This file contains the Forage Aridity Index (Shields and Sly, 1984) for four soil water holding capacities.
		If the soil is Solonized Solonetz or Organic, then the AWHC is not applicable.
	sis.agr.gc.ca /cansis/nsdb/ara/forarid.html (122 words)

	Aridity in face of crisis - Feb. 20, 2004
		Aridity in face of crisis - Feb. 20, 2004
		IT IS a season for finger-pointing, a period of recrimination, a time to put someone down and one's self on an undeserved pedestal.
		More than meets the eye - Ambeth Ocampo
	www.inq7.net /opi/2004/feb/20/opi_jmontelibano-1.htm (999 words)

	Chart - Population by Aridity, 1958 - 1988
		Land Area by Aridity Index, 1958 - 1988
		Chart - Population by Aridity, 1958 - 1988
	www.iiasa.ac.at /Research/LUC/ChinaFood/data/pop/pop_18.htm (16 words)

	Multiple episodes of aridity in southern Africa since the last interglacial period
		Multiple episodes of aridity in southern Africa since the last interglacial period
	www.nature.com /doifinder/10.1038/40596 (12 words)

	AI page
		Harouna, S., and R. Carlson, 1994: Analysis of an Iowa Aridity Index in relationship to climate and crop yield.
		The index of aridity for each climate week and year is given by:
		Hollinger, S. Isard, and M. Welford, 1993: A new soil moisture drought index for predicting crop yields.
	www.mesonet.agron.iastate.edu /~windmill/AIpage.html (1154 words)

	Science - Biological and life sciences, Federal Resources for Educational Excellence (FREE)
		These photographs show a wide range of American topography and its forestation, aridity, shifting coastal dune complexes, and watercourses.
		American Environmental Photographs, 1891-1936™American Memory consists of 4,500 photographs of natural environments, ecologies, and plant communities in the United States taken between 1891 and 1936.
	wdcrobcolp01.ed.gov /cfapps/free/displaysubject.cfm?sid=8&subid=59 (1070 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Russia
		In several regions, especially in the Caucasus, in Daghestan, Transcaucasia, and Turkestan, a remedy is found for the aridity of the soil in irrigation by means of canals.
		In the regions of the Vistula and the Baltic and in the south-western part of Finland the intensive system of agriculture obtains; no portion of the land remains untilled, but the peasants sow seed and plant vegetables in alternate years, so as not to exhaust the productiveness of the soil.
		In other regions of a marshy character the work of draining the swamps is carried on, at times by the Government, and at times by private parties.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13231c.htm (19233 words)

	A Brief Cultural and Natural History of the Cedar Mesa Area
		"Aridity, more than anything else, gives the western landscape its character.
		Stegner, Wallace, Where the Bluebird Sings to the Lemonade Springs, Wing Books, New York, 1992.
	bcn.boulder.co.us /environment/cacv/cacvarea.htm (302 words)

	Table - Population by Aridity
		Population and Land Area in China by Aridity
	www.iiasa.ac.at /Research/LUC/ChinaFood/data/pop/pop_16.htm (8 words)

	Stock Photos of gs116022, america, arid, aridity, aridness, auto - Search Photography Pictures Images and Photo Clip Art - GS116022 GS116022.jpg
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		Stock Photos of gs116022, america, arid, aridity, aridness, auto - Search Photography Pictures Images and Photo Clip Art - GS116022 GS116022.jpg
	www.fotosearch.com /GSH226/gs116022 (241 words)

	Stock Photos of gs112022, africa, alone, arid, aridity, aridness - Search Photography Pictures Images and Photo Clip Art - GS112022 GS112022.jpg
		africa, alone, arid, aridity, aridness, ass, barren, barrenness, bedouin, beduin, camel, camel driver, desert, donkey, dromedary, dry, goatskin, hole, man, mauritania, nomad, outdoors, person, pulley, sahara, sand, source, tame, traditional, water, well, image, images, photo, photos, picture, pictures, graphic, graphics, royalty free
		Stock Photos of gs112022, africa, alone, arid, aridity, aridness - Search Photography Pictures Images and Photo Clip Art - GS112022 GS112022.jpg
	www.fotosearch.com /GSH222/gs112022 (255 words)

	Gateway to Land and Water Information: Turkey, Map of aridity index
		map 1.3.2: aridity index > 1.3 > 1.
		Gateway to Land and Water Information: Turkey, Map of aridity index
	www.fao.org /ag/agl/swlwpnr/reports/y_nr/z_tr/trmp132.htm (19 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		Energy Citations Database (ECD) Document #7331102 - Study of aridity
		Availability information may be found in the Availability, Publisher, Research Organization, Resource Relation and/or Author (affiliation information) fields and/or via the "Full-text Availability" link.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=7331102 (82 words)

	plants related information
		-- Desert plants have adapted to the extremes of heat and aridity by using both physical and behavioral mechanisms, much like desert animals...
		Plants add the needed finishing touches to any decor.
	www.nethorde.com /plants/index.html (307 words)

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In the News (Mon 28 Dec 09)