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Topic: Aristolochia

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	Are Aristolochia Plants Dangerous?
		While the authors say only that their data "suggest" that aristolochia toxins are responsible for the renal disorders, they have made efforts to overcome several reasonable objections that had been made since the initial suggestion that the Chinese herbs in the slimming program were the culprits.
		Still, the reported daily doses of aristolochia used in the Belgian clinic are lower than those used in traditional Chinese practices, raising the question of what happened uniquely at the clinic that may have also occurred in the few cases of renal failure reported elsewhere.
		Under Aristolochia, only the LD for injection of trilobine is given; under Stephania, the oral LD for the herb is given, and it is very large: 241 grams/kg; by changing to intraperitoneal injection, the LD drops to 2.3 grams/kg, still a very large dosage.
	www.itmonline.org /arts/aristolochia.htm (7418 words)

	Kew: Plants, Aristolochia
		The eerie, bat-like flowers of aristolochias have a disgusting perfume which attracts the carrion-feeding insects that pollinate them.
		Aristolochia tricaudata, from Mexico, was recommended for cultivation as it lacks the offensive smell.
		Aristolochia have been used for curing snakebites, malaria and impotence, as well as inducing childbirth but its use is highly dangerous
	www.rbgkew.org.uk /plants/temperate/aristolochia.html (78 words)

	Aristolochia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Aristolochia is a large genus of plants with over 500 species, belonging to the Birthwort family (Aristolochiaceae).
		Herbal compounds containing Aristolochia are classified as a Group 1 carcinogen.
		Some reference books state that the Latin name Aristolochia was developed from Greek etymons meaning aristos, "best", and locheia, "childbirth" or "childbed".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aristolochia (393 words)

	Floridata: Aristolochia elegans
		The greenish-white flowers have a s-curved tubular shape that is flared at the mouth that resembles a 19th century Dutch pipe (recall Sherlock Holme's pipe).
		The inner portion surface of the mouth of the "pipe" is covered with a purplish-brown pattern that is reminiscent of calico fabric which inspire this species common name "calico flower".
		Member of the genus Aristolochia are also called birthworts and are occasionally encountered in herbal preparations as a remedy for various ailments as well as to ease the pain of childbirth.
	www.floridata.com /ref/a/aris_ele.cfm (658 words)

	BAN ON SUPPLY OF ARISTOLOCHIA
		Aristolochia is a toxic herb associated with kidney damage.
		I. Aristolochia is a herb used in some Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of fluid retention and rheumatic symptoms.
		Aristolochia has mistakenly been used instead of Stephania and Clematis, which are not harmful and are used for the treatment of skin conditions including eczema, urinary problems, fluid retention or swelling and rheumatic conditions.
	www.escop.com /bhma/bhma/MCAbanArist.htm (694 words)

	[No title]
		In: Experientia (1977 Nov 15) 33(11):1498-9 ISSN: 0014-4754 A sesquiterpene isolated from the roots of Aristolochia indica (Linn.) was found to exert 100% interceptive activity and 91.7% anti- implantation activity in mice at a single oral dose of 100 mg/kg b.
		The ingestion of Aristolochia fangchi instead of the prescribed Stephania tetrandra, one of the components of the slimming therapy, was put forward as hypothesis for the etiology of the nephropathies in the literature.
		In: J Pharm Sci (1977 Oct) 66(10):1489-90 ISSN: 0022-3549 The ethanol-water extract of Aristolochia taliscana Hook and Arn (Aristolochiaceae) yielded a compound which was identified as dehydrodiisoeugenol by means of elemental analysis, IR, UV, NMR, and mass spectra, and direct comparison with a synthetic sample.
	www.swsbm.com /Abstracts/Aristolochia-AB.txt (4812 words)

	Introduction to the Aristolochiales
		The Aristolochiales are a group of paleoherbs, a basal group of flowering plants.
		In addition to the foul-smelling species of Aristolochia that attract flies to pollinate them, other species are important for the survival of butterflies.
		Impact of the threatened plant, Aristolochia indica L., on the conservation of swallowtail buterfly, Tros aristolochae, in Burdwan.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /anthophyta/paleoherbs/aristolochiales.html (559 words)

	Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Aristolochia gibertii Hooker from Paraguay Journal of Essential Oil ...
		The chemical composition of the essential oils from leaves and stems of Aristolochia gibertii Hooker collected in Paraguay was investigated by GC and GC/MS.
		Aristolochia gibertii, Aristolochiaceae, essential oil composition, bicyclogermacrene, (E)-nerolidol, limonene.
		Aristolochia gibertii Hooker is a climbing shrub that can be found widely distributedin Brazil (Rio de Janeiro, Ilha Grande), Paraguay (Asunción, Cordillera and Central Departments) and Argentina (northeast, including Formosa and Chaco Provinces) (2).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa4091/is_200411/ai_n9461535 (788 words)

	Database Jarrinha - Aristolochia cymbifera
		Aristolochic acid is found primarily in the plant Aristolochia, but may also be present in other botanicals.
		The root is known in Brazil as milhomem, also as jarra and jarrinha and has a camphoraceous odor, resembling that of serpentaria, and a bitter and pungent taste.
		The roots of a number of other species of Aristolochia have similar properties and are also used under the same names as the preceding, the medical properties being analogous to those of serpentaria.
	www.rain-tree.com /jarrinha.htm (788 words)

	Pipevine - Aristolochia tomentosa
		Both Aristolochia durior and Aristolochia tomentosa are used by the butterfly.
		Aristolochia elegans is however poisonous to them, the adults might lay eggs on it but the caterpillars will die.
		The only place I know of at the moment that sells Aristolochia tomentosa is Missouri Wildflowers in Jefferson City, MO., although I am sure that many other places sell it also.
	www.butterflygardeningandconservation.com /plant/host/pipevine.php (635 words)

	Aristolochia fimbriata - Aristochiaceae
		Aristolochia fimbriata is an excellent hanging basket plant.
		Culture: Aristolochia fimbriata like to grow in a light and airy place, but not in direct sunlight.
		Aristolochia fimbriata was featured as Plant of the Week April 28-May 4, 2000.
	www.plantoftheweek.org /week076.shtml (296 words)

	Biodiversity in Belize - Native Aristolochia's
		Aristolochia species are characterized by the outlandish shape of the flower.
		Although highly variable, they all follow the same design as indicated in the diagram to the right.In Belize a total of 10 species has been recorded.
		Biologically, Aristolochia's are important as larval foodplants for swallowtail butterflies of the genera Battus and Parides.
	biological-diversity.info /native_aristolochia.htm (346 words)

	Aristolochia elegans - Calico Flower - Aristolochiaceae
		Aristolochia elegans is an evergreen vine with unusual flowers and heart shaped leaves.
		Culture: Aristolochia elegans like to grow in a light and airy place, but not in direct sunlight.
		Aristolochia elegans was featured as Plant of the Week April 2-8, 1999.
	www.plantoftheweek.org /week024.shtml (289 words)

	California Gardens - Aristolochia gigantea - Dutchman's Pipe
		Aristolochia gigantea is a larger and more tender species than Aristolochia littoralis.
		Aristolochia gigantea typically has 4" blooms and leaves in our area.
		High resolution images of Aristolochia gigantea are available.
	www.californiagardens.com /Plant_Pages/aristolochia_gigantea.htm (73 words)

	Aristolochia alert for practitioners
		All species of Aristolochia are prohibited for supply, sale or use in therapeutic goods in Australia under the Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP).
		However, Aristolochia species are finding their way into other herbal-based TCM products, including herbs in raw form, because they are easily confused with other herbs by being very similar, either in appearance or in name, to some other TCM herbs.
		The TGA considers it important to bring the matter to the attention of practitioner associations so that they may be aware of the potential concerns.
	www.tga.gov.au /docs/html/arialert.htm (1183 words)

	Herb World News Online · World
		Apparently, the plant Aristolochia fangchi was mistakenly substituted for Stephania tetranda in the weight-loss pills.
		Doses higher than 200 grams of Aristolochia fangchi were associated with a higher cancer risk.
		"Aristolochia species, such as Dutchman's pipe, are rarely-if ever-used in the US," pointed out HRF president Rob McCaleb.
	www.herbs.org /current/aristolochia.htm (216 words)

	ARISTOLOCHIA SPECIES AND ARISTOLOCHIC ACIDS (IARC Summary & Evaluation, Volume 82, 2002)
		In experimental animals, high doses of aristolochic acids administered either orally or intravenously caused severe necrosis of the renal tubules, atrophy of the spleen and thymus, and ulceration of the forestomach, followed by hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis of the squamous epithelium.
		Various constituents of Aristolochia indica including aristolochic acids and aristolic acid (a metabolite) caused termination of pregnancy in female mice, hamsters and rabbits, but not rats.
		Aristolochic acid-specific DNA adducts were identified in urothelial tissues of all patients with Chinese herb nephropathy.
	www.inchem.org /documents/iarc/vol82/82-01.html (716 words)

	Aristolochia fangchi definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Aristolochia fangchi: A Chinese herb that is injurious to the kidney and is also associated with an increased risk of cancer of the urinary system.
		Aristolochia can cause kidney failure requiring renal dialysis or a kidney transplant.
		Aristolochic acid, the harmful ingredient in Aristolochia fangchi, is also toxic to the kidney and carcinogenic (causes cancer) in laboratory animals.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=13492 (127 words)

	Louisville Clinic of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Aristolochia
		In the Belgian cases of nephropathy, Guang Fang Ji (Aristolochia fangji) was only one component of a "cocktail" which included a variety of Western drugs, amphetamines, laxatives, diuretics, and tranquilizers.
		Guang Fang Ji (Aristolochia fangji) is the only crude herb commonly encountered in the West containing aristolochic acid, and distributors have voluntarily removed this herb from their catalogs.
		The recent FDA bulletin on aristolochic acid nephropathy and Chinese herbs supports the position of our profession, and accords Chinese herbal medicine respect in identifying the syndrome as aristolochic acid nephropathy, instead of "Chinese herb nephropathy," a term that was used in some journal articles which falsely associates all Chinese herbs with toxic nephropathy.
	www.louisvilleclinic.com /aristo.html (962 words)

	botanical.com - A Modern Herbal \| Birthwort - Herb Profile and Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		---Description---There are several species of the Aristolochias used by herbalists in India.
		Aristolochia, cymbifera from Brazil and Mexico is said to have medicinal properties similar to the official species.
		It is also used in North America, as are several other varieties of the species, as an alexiteric and for the bites of mad dogs.
	www.botanical.com /botanical/mgmh/b/birthw44.html (238 words)

	Aristolochia littoralis (Aristolochiaceae) - HEAR species info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Information on Aristolochia littoralis as relevant to Pacific Islands is provided by the Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk project (PIER).
		This report on Aristolochia littoralis includes information about this species on Maui (Hawaii, USA), as well as links to images and a Maui distribution map.
		Copyright-free images of (or related to) Aristolochia littoralis (Aristolochiaceae) (calico flower) by Forest and Kim Starr (USGS) are presented online.
	www.hear.org /species/aristolochia_littoralis (406 words)

	ma dou ling
		Guang fang ji belongs to the aristolochiae family.
		It belongs to the aristolochiae family and is toxic for the kidneys.
		qing xiang teng 青香藤, 柔毛馬兜鈴, 青木香 (Aristolochia mollis Dunn),
	thedao.com /ma_dou_ling.htm (331 words)

	PLANTS Profile for Aristolochia serpentaria (Virginia snakeroot) \| USDA PLANTS
		Aristolochia serpentaria L. Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the PLANTS Classification Report.
		Aristolochia serpentaria L. This plant and synonym italicized and indented below are listed by the U.S. federal government or a state.
		Aristolochia serpentaria L. View species account and distribution map from Flora of North America (FNA).
	plants.usda.gov /java/profile?symbol=ARSE3 (247 words)

	DietFraud.com - Herbal News - Aristolochia dangers
		It has also alerted doctors to be on the lookout for the herb.
		The herb family is called Aristolochia, and the kidney-toxic ingredient is called aristolochic acid.
		In 63 samples of herbal medicines, 44% contained chemicals which could have come from aristolochia.
	www.dietfraud.com /HerbalNews/herbal_aristolochia.html (506 words)

	Aristolochia watsonii - Vines Forum - GardenWeb
		I've had an Aristolochia watsonii plant in a pot with one of my cacti for about 12 years now.
		If you still have any of the aristolochia watsonii seeds to trade, I have aristolochia clematitis, tagala, baetica, and maxima seeds that were all purchased this year.
		I doubt that having a few of these Aristolochias around would draw in hoards of the blood-suckers.
	forums.gardenweb.com /forums/load/vines/msg0900185924147.html (748 words)

	Aristolochia fact sheet
		All species of Aristolochia are prohibited for supply, sale or use in therapeutic goods in Australia.
		However, Aristolochia species appear to be finding their way into some herbal-based Traditional Chinese Medicine products because they may be confused with other herbs of similar appearance or similar name.
		Aristolochia species and its particular components known as 'aristolochic acids' have been linked to severe kidney damage and urinary tract cancer and there have been reports in a number of overseas countries of serious reactions to herbal products containing Aristolochia.
	www.tga.gov.au /docs/html/aristol.htm (513 words)

	PLANTS Profile for Aristolochia tomentosa (woolly dutchman's pipe) \| USDA PLANTS
		PLANTS Profile for Aristolochia tomentosa (woolly dutchman's pipe)
		See county distributions for the following states by clicking on them below or on the map.
		Aristolochia tomentosa Sims occures in the following states: Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Wisconsin
	plants.usda.gov /java/profile?symbol=ARTO3 (209 words)

	Nearctica - Eastern Wildflowers - Aristolochiaceae - Woolly Dutchman's Pipe (Aristolochia tomentosa)
		Nearctica - Eastern Wildflowers - Aristolochiaceae - Woolly Dutchman's Pipe (Aristolochia tomentosa)
		Similar Species: Woolly Dutchman's Pipe is one of a number of eastern species of the genus Aristolochia.
		One of the more common species, Pipevine (Aristolochia macrophylla) lacks the dense hairs on the leaves, stems, and flowers.
	www.nearctica.com /flowers/a/aristo/Atomen.htm (128 words)

	Aristolochia serpentaria available - Butterfly Garden Forum - GardenWeb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		I will be harvesting Aristolochia serpentaria for transplanting stock from now until freeze-up.
		It is a non-invasive native host plant for the pipevine swallowtail.
		I'd be interested in talking to you about your Aristolochia serpentaria.
	forums.gardenweb.com /forums/load/butterfly/msg1018314926334.html (832 words)

	FDA/CFSAN Consumer Advisory: FDA Warns Consumers to Discontinue Use of Botanical Products That Contain Aristolochic ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		These cases, along with the ones previously reported from Belgium and France, resulted in FDA imposing an import alert to detain botanical ingredients that are either labeled as "Aristolochia" or, for other reasons, are suspected to contain aristolochic acid.
		In addition, the agency analyzed a sample of 38 botanical products available in the U.S. that were labeled as containing aristolochia or other herbs that might contain aristolochic acid and found that 18 of these products contained aristolochic acid.
		This includes products with the words "Aristolochia," "Bragantia" or "Asarum" listed as ingredients on the label, or any of the products FDA has found to contain aristolochic acid (see list of the 18 products analyzed by FDA - www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/ds-bot3.html).
	www.cfsan.fda.gov.cob-web.org:8888 /~dms/addsbot.html (557 words)

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