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	Gerhard Armauer Hansen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gerhard Henrick Armauer Hansen (July 29, 1841 - February 12, 1912) was a Norwegian physician, remembered for his identification of Mycobacterium leprae as the causative agent of leprosy in 1873.
		Hansen's claim was injured by his failure to produce a pure culture in an artificial medium or to prove that the rod-shaped organisms were infectious.
		Hansen remained medical officer for leprosy in Norway and it was through his efforts that the leprosy acts of 1877 and 1885 were passed, leading to a steady decline of the disease in Norway from 1,800 known cases in 1875 to just 575 cases in 1901.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/G._A._Hansen (430 words)

	Gerhard Henrik Armauer Hansen (www.whonamedit.com)
		Hansen quickly concluded on the basis of epidemiological studies that leprosy was a specific disease that must have a specific cause, not an inheritable plague holding man hostage.
		Hansen’s sentence was less severe than it might seem, however, since he was allowed to retain his position as leprosy medical officer for the entire country of Norway - an appointment conferred on him in 1875 and one that held until his death.
		Armauer Hansen was a radical in his time, an atheist with a hostile attitude to the church.
	www.whonamedit.com /doctor.cfm/596.html (5073 words)

	Gerhard Armauer Hansen -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		He served a brief internship at the National Hospital in Christiania ((The capital and largest city of Norway; the country's main port; located at the head of a fjord on Norway's southern coast) Oslo) and as a doctor in Lofoten.
		In 1868 Hansen returned to Bergen to study leprosy while working with (additional info and facts about Daniel Cornelius Danielssen) Daniel Cornelius Danielssen, a noted expert.
		Hansen had suffered from (A common venereal disease caused by the Treponema pallidum spirochete; symptoms change through progressive stages; can be congenital (transmitted through the placenta)) syphilis since the 1860s but died of heart disease.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/g/ge/gerhard_armauer_hansen.htm (453 words)

	AllRefer.com - leprosy (Pathology) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		leprosy or Hansen's disease[han´sunz] Pronunciation Key, chronic, mildly infectious malady capable of producing, when untreated, various deformities and disfigurements.
		It is caused by the rod-shaped bacterium Mycobacterium leprae, first described by G. Armauer Hansen, a Norwegian physician, in 1874.
		The mode of transmission is not fully understood.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/L/leprosy.html (201 words)

	Canadian pharmacy - Prescription Warehouse Medical Dictionary - Hansen disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Hansen disease: Leprosy, a chronic granulomatous infection caused by a bacterium which affects various parts of the body, including in particular the skin and nerves.
		Hansen disease was named in honor of the Norwegian physician, Gerhard Armauer Henrik Hansen, who in 1873 discovered the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae, the first microbe found to be the causative agent of a human disease.
		Hansen's discovery preceded Robert Koch's demonstration of the bacterial cause of anthrax by 3 years.
	www.prescriptionwarehouse.com /dictionary/h/Ha-He/Hansen_disease.html (733 words)

	Mycobacterium lepraeleprosy
		Mycobacterium lepraeleprosy is an obligate, intracellular parasite that causes a chronic mycobacterial disease in man. This rod-like bacillus with a length of 2-7 um and a width of 0.3-0.4 um (1 um=1/1000 of a mm), was first discovered in 1873 in Norway by G. Armauer Hansen.
		This is why this organism is sometimes known as "Hansen’s bacillus" and the disease it causes, is known as "Hansen’s disease".
		Hansen’s disease is totally curable, even though it sometimes has lasting deformities and psychological problems afterwards.
	www.lcusd.net /lchs/mewoldsen/Hansen'sdisease.html (1271 words)

	leprosy.html
		Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease, is endemic to Texas, Louisiana and Hawaii as well as Mexico, the Caribbean, almost all of South America, Southern Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia, and most of the islands in the Pacific, he says.
		Norman Levan, M.D., former chief of dermatology and a USC professor emeritus, started the clinic in 1962 at the request of state and federal health officials who noted that new cases of leprosy were coming in from Mexico and that the closest treatment clinic was in San Francisco.
		Armauer G. Hansen discovered the bacterium that causes leprosy in 1873, and it was the first bacterium to be identified as causing disease in man. However, good treatment for leprosy only appeared in the late 1940s with the introduction of the antibacterial drug dapsone, and its derivatives.
	www.usc.edu /hsc/info/pr/hmm/97spring/leprosy.html (1000 words)

	Hội Bạn Ngừơi Cùi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Armauer Hansen discovered that leprosy was not a hereditary disease, it was caused by a bacterium which he called the “leprosy bacillus”.
		Throughout the whole 20th century, scientists from all over the world has been doing their best to find a remedy for curing leprosy and fortunately by 1968, a few medications had been discovered to treat leprosy very effectively, so that this disease could be completely cured at last.
		The total number of people who contracted Hansen’s Disease in the past was unknown, but a report by World Health Organization in 1985 stated that there were then 10 million victims in all the world and fortunately this number has now decreased to only 2 millions in the new millennium.
	www.nguoicui.org /hbnc/thongtin/help.shtml (1608 words)

	The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: leprosy @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		LEPROSY [leprosy] or Hansen's disease, chronic, mildly infectious malady capable of producing, when untreated, various deformities and disfigurements.
		The drug thalidomide has been approved for use against a complication of leprosy called erythema nodosum leprosum, which causes fever, skin lesions, and other symptoms.
		Diseases that probably included the malady now known as Hansen's disease are described as leprosy in the Bible; segregation and disinfection were advocated as methods of control (Lev.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1E1:leprosy&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (552 words)

	Hansen's disease (www.whonamedit.com)
		Tuberculoid leprosy is manifested by sharply demarcated hypopigmented macules that gradually become elevated and circinate or gyrate.
		In an effort to remove the age-old stigma that had marked leprosy and its victims, the term Hansen's disease has been introduced, along with Hansearium to replace leprosarium.
		Hansen discovered the leprosy bacillus on February 28, 1873.
	www.whonamedit.com /synd.cfm/553.html (243 words)

	CHAPTER TEN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Armauer Hansen, a Norwegian who, in 1873, discovered the offending organism -- Mycobacterium Leprae or M. leprae.
		The Hansen Institute, or "The Leper Mission", as it was known then, has well over one hundred hospitals and clinics in India, but it was at Puruliganj that its Headquarters for all of Southern Asia was located in those days.
		Later, we were to learn that the founder of the Hansen Institute, Wellesly Bailey, suffered a very similar fate at the hands of his Scottish Home Board.
	www.netcafe.com.au /impossibledream/thebookonline/chapter_ten.htm (5405 words)

	Leprosy History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		1873: Dr. Armauer Hansen of Norway was the first to see the leprosy germ under a microscope.
		This was 1873, and Hansen's discovery was revolutionary.
		It was not hereditary, a curse, or from sin.
	www.leprosy.org /LEPhistory.html (294 words)

	Gerhard Armauer Hansen - TheBestLinks.com - G. A. Hansen, February 12, July 29, Norway, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gerhard Armauer Hansen - TheBestLinks.com - G. Hansen, February 12, July 29, Norway,...
		Hansen, Gerhard Armauer Hansen, February 12, July 29, Norway, Oslo...
		He served a brief internship at the National Hospital in Christiania and as a doctor in Lofoten.
	www.thebestlinks.com /G._A._Hansen.html (444 words)

	Martin Alfred Hansen -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Hansen first was a farm worker and then became a teacher in the 1930s.
		Martin Rodbell won the Nobel prize in physiology or medicine in 1994 for his part in the discovery of G proteins, which regulate cellular activity.
		Alfred Gilman discovered that G proteins play a crucial role in relaying sensory and hormonal messages to the cells.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9039172 (635 words)

	New Windows on an Old Disease
		In 1873, a Norwegian physician, G. Armauer Hansen, proposed that a rod-shaped bacillus caused leprosy.
		In desperation, he tried to inoculate the eye of a woman without her consent.
		Five generations of scientists strove in vain to grow Hansen's bacilli.
	pandoras-box.org /my04015.htm (412 words)

	Nomination Form: UNESCO-CI
		This might be one of the reasons why Bergen in the middle of the 19th century became the scientific centre of the efforts to cure leprosy, through the work of Dr. Danielsen and Dr. Armauer Hansen, who discovered the Mycrobacterium leprae in 1873.
		Today leprosy is practically non-existant in Europe, and although there are still 10-15 million lepers in the rest of the world (where it is often called Hansen’s Disease) the number of new cases is said to have reached almost a standstill.
		Leprosy or Hansen’s Disease has always been a problem of the poor and is still a scourge in some parts of the world.
	portal.unesco.org /ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=4956&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html (1587 words)

	Photomicrography on Stamps (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Some of the topics or events that have been celebrated by photomicrography or microscopic illustrations on stamps are as follows.
		A recent well known set of UK stamps illustrating the 150th anniversary of the Royal Microscopical Society was shown in the previous article
		Armauer Hansen, a Norwegian bacteriologist discovered the leprosy bacillus in 1879.
	www.microscopy-uk.net /mag/artjul98/pmstamp.html (499 words)

	Hansens institution at Business.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Hansen Group Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Zürich.
		Armauer Hansens Hus, Haukelandsbakken 28 N-5021 Bergen Phone: +47 55974927...
		Hansen is president of The Rick Hansen Institute in Vancouver, Canada.
	www.business.com /popular/Hansens_institution (294 words)

	petymol.h.html
		G Dallas Hanna, (24 Apr.) 1887-1970 (20 Nov.), US paleontologist-malacologist with the California Academy of Sciences who specialized in diatoms and other microscopic invertebrates (mainly fossil, but also recent), and also made contributions in ornithology, mammalogy, geology, paleontology, and optics; he published over 400 papers and contibutions.
		Hans Jacob Hansen, (10 Aug. - Bellinge) 1855-1936 (26 June - Gentofte), (alias "Flue-Hansen" - the Danish word flue means a fly - because of his doctoral dissertation on the mouth-parts of flies), very productive Danish specialist on arthropods, disciple of Schiødte (q.v.).
		Alan G. Hinton, 19??-, is honoured in the scaphopod name Dischides hintoni Lamprell and Healey, 1998 for his contributions to Australian malacology.
	www.tmbl.gu.se /libdb/taxon/personetymol/petymol.h.html (15687 words)

	JPMA ::: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Myobacterium leprae was first identified by G. Armauer Hansen in 1873.1 It is a significant cause of morbidity in endemic areas.
		Nylon filaments with varying tensile strengths ranging from 4.17 to 6.10 units corresponding to measured force of 1g to 75 g, are applied to the plantar surface of the toes and feet at various points.
		Tzourio C, Said G, Millan J. Asymptomativ nerve hypertrophy in Lepromatous leprosy: A clinical, electrophysiological and morphological study.
	jpma.org.pk /JPMA/12Dec03/fulltext12.htm (1898 words)

	FDA Consumer: Leprosy; out of the dark ages
		There, on an antebellum plantation on the Mississippi River, Truman and his colleagues are studying armadillos and conducting other biomedical research on hansen's disease.
		Norway, where leprosy's bacterial cause was discovered by physician G. Armauer Hansen in 1873, once had 8,000 cases.
		Chaulmoogra oil, an extract from the seeds of the hydnocarpus fruit, was used to treat leprosy, but its benefits were minimal and inconsistent from patient to patient.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1370/is_n7_v23/ai_8017467 (1460 words)

	Leprosy looms as a public health threat, but LAC+USC clinic fights back
		But according to Thomas Rea, USC clinical professor of medicine, the disease remains a serious threat to public health worldwide, infecting more than half a million people each year, many of them in the United States.
		Norman Levan, a former chief of dermatology and a USC professor emeritus, started the clinic in 1962 at the request of state and federal health officials who noted that the new cases were coming in from Mexico and that the closest treatment clinic was in San Francisco.
		Armauer G. Hansen discovered the bacterium that causes leprosy in 1873, and it was the first bacterium to be identified as causing disease in man. However, treatment for leprosy only appeared in the late 1940s with the introduction of the antibacterial drug dapsone, and its derivatives.
	www.usc.edu /hsc/info/pr/1vol3/306/leprosy.html (874 words)

	Coiling Phagocytosis of Trypanosomatids and Fungal Cells -- Rittig et al. 66 (9): 4331 -- Infection and Immunity
		(g) Remaining membrane-bounded fissure (asterisk) in the phagosome wall enclosing a zymosan particle, indicative of incomplete fusion of overlapping pseudopods (20 min; bar = 0.1 µm).
		Corradin, S., Ransijn, A., Corradin, G., Roggero, M. A., Schmitz, A. P., Schneider, P., Mauel, J., Vergeres, G. MARCKS-related Protein (MRP) Is a Substrate for the Leishmania major Surface Protease Leishmanolysin (gp63).
		Gross, C. H., Wolgamot, G. M., Russell, R. L., Pearson, M. N., Rohrmann, G. A 37-kilodalton glycoprotein from a baculovirus of Orgyia pseudotsugata is localized to cytoplasmic inclusion bodies.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/66/9/4331 (4989 words)

	Minnesota History Quarterly: Indexes
		Hansen, Carl G. author, 2:437, 3:506n, 4:84, 264, 6:303, 9:187, 26:269
		Hansen, Marcus Lee, author, 2:287, 3:534, 4:88, 7:265, 275, 8:198, 16:196, 23:201, 25:199, 31:23, 36:24, 37:346
		Harrison, Perry G., military officer, 50:9–10, 12, 51:223–224, 227
	www.mnhs.org /market/mhspress/MinnesotaHistory/index/histidxh.html (2027 words)

	THE MICROBIOLOGY OF LEPROSY (Hansen's Disease)
		It was first discovered in 1873, in Norway, by G. Armauer Hansen.
		The organism is sometimes known, therefore, as “Hansen’s bacillus”.
		Anaesthesia is minimal, if at all present but, if the disease persists for many years as Indeterminate, there is a possibility of a slow destruction of the nerves, leading to loss of sensation.
	www.webspawner.com /users/mlepbacillus (2107 words)

	published an account
		What might be considered the bad luck of the armadillo has proven a boon to modern investigations of the age-old disease and may at last lead to the production of the first leprosy vaccine.
		bacterium responsible for leprosy was identified over century ago by a Norwegian doctor named G. Armauer Hansen (many patients and researchers today prefer the term Hansen's disease to get away from the traditional stigma attached to leprosy), scientists have never been able to culture the organism in laboratory growth chambers for further study.
		Researchers around the world have tried time and again to do so and still try - but the elusive bacteria consistently have evaded their attempts.
	pandoras-box.org /my09019.htm (1502 words)

	TIME Magazine Archive Article -- Moles, Mice & Leprosy -- Aug. 11, 1930 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In the thoroughly modern laboratory of the Japanese government's hospital at Keijo (Seoul) in Chosen (Korea), Professor Kiyoshi Shiga, the hospital director and an eminent bacteriologist*, some months ago implanted leprosy bacilli in some mice.
		Armauer Hansen of Norway discovered the Bacillus leprae men have been trying to grow it artificially.
		If the germs could be cultivated, perhaps an antileprosy serum would evolve.
	www.time.com /time/archive/printout/0,23657,740055,00.html (143 words)

	Channel 4 – Time Team
		This was when another Norwegian doctor, G Armauer Hansen, identified tiny microscopic rods – 'staff-like bodies' as he called them – in material taken from the skin and nose of patients suffering from leprosy.
		When Hansen first announced his findings, they were treated with scorn, because the common belief was that leprosy was not something you caught, but something that you inherited.
		At length, however, it was proven that the little living rods really were the cause of leprosy, and eventually they were named – Mycobacterium leprae – and it was thereafter accepted (in the medical world at any rate) that this germ, and only this germ, caused leprosy.
	www.channel4.com /history/timeteam/archive/2001win_2.html (4139 words)

	Bartleby.com: Great Books Online -- Encyclopedia, Dictionary, Thesaurus and hundreds more (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Respectfully Quoted: A Dictionary of Quotations
		The 2,100 entries in this eminently researched collection form the constellation of collected wisdom in American political debate.
		Stein, G. Sterne, L. Stevenson, R.L. Storm, T. Synge J.M. Tarkington, B. Thackeray, W.M. Tolstoy, L. Turgenev, I. Twain, M. Valera, Juan
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/le/leprosy.html (424 words)

	Transmission (from leprosy) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		This made sense, as it frequently occurred in households among individuals who were members of a single family.
		In 1873, however, G.H. Armauer Hansen, a physician working…
		In 1873, however, G.H. Armauer Hansen, a physician...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-248482 (881 words)

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