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Topic: Arms trade

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	Arms industry - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The arms trade is the exchange of arms or weapons among two or more parties, except for exclusively sovereign nations.
		The link between politics and the arms trade can result in the development of what General Eisenhower described as a military-industrial complex, where the armed forces, commerce, and politics become unhealthily close.
		Ethically, the arms trade is problematic for many as they see supplying the weapons for a conflict as morally akin to becoming involved oneself, but at less risk to one's own nation or company.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Arms_trade (546 words)

	Learn more about Trade in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Trade is the exchange of goods or services among two or more parties.
		In its original form trade had to be negotiated through barter and the exchange of goods and services of a recognized equal value that was wanted by both parties.
		Trade exists largely because there are differences in the cost at which something can be produced in different locations.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /t/tr/trade.html (291 words)

	ECA Watch: Problems by Issues
		The arms trade does not promote development, occurs in a climate of secrecy conducive to corruption, has devastating impacts on security and human rights, and is aggressively and disproportionately promoted by some governments (and so their ECAs) as a part of defence and foreign policy.
		As a crucial part of these policies, the arms trade is heavily subsidized by governments from the early stages of research, to guaranteed procurement, to export.
		The UK and the Netherlands are the most disproportionate in their export credit support for the arms trade: in the period August 2002-December 2004 military and arms-related export credits represented 30% of the value of all transactions by the Dutch ECA Atradius, while military transactions were only 0.2% of all Dutch exports.
	www.eca-watch.org /problems/arms (1269 words)

	Special Reports \| Arms trade needs tougher regulation
		To stop this carnage resulting from irresponsible trade in and use of weapons, international trade in arms needs to be subjected to strict control.
		The Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) could be the panacea because, if accepted, it will establish a firm and unambiguous international mechanism to prohibit the sale of weapons where there is a clear risk that such arms could be abused.
		Governments have a responsibility not to transfer arms where they are likely to be used to facilitate the commission of violent crimes, adversely affect political stability or regional security and affect sustainable development.
	www.eastandard.net /archives/july/sun04072004/reports/rep03070402.htm (699 words)

	Arms Trade — a major cause of suffering - Global Issues
		Global military expenditure and arms trade is also the largest spending in the world at 900 billion dollars, annually.
		Arms contractors and maintain that arms sales are essential to foster good relations and also create more jobs at home.
		Arms corporations benefit from alliances like NATO and conflicts such as Kosovo, where opportunity for sales increases.
	www.globalissues.org /Geopolitics/ArmsTrade.asp (747 words)

	John R. Bolton: Statement to the UN Conference on the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in all its Aspects, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The illicit trade in SA/LW can be used to exacerbate conflict, threaten civilian populations in regions of conflict, endanger the work of peacekeeping forces and humanitarian aid workers, and greatly complicate the hard work of economically and politically rebuilding war-torn societies.
		Small arms and light weapons, in our understanding, are the strictly military arms -- automatic rifles, machine guns, shoulder-fired missile and rocket systems, light mortars -- that are contributing to continued violence and suffering in regions of conflict around the world.
		To ensure that arms are delivered to legitimate end-users, our government rigorously monitors arms transfers, investigating suspicious activity and acting quickly to curtail exports to those recipients who do not meet our strict criteria for responsible use.
	www.un.int /usa/01_104.htm (1592 words)

	The Arms Trade Treaty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The central aim of the Arms Trade Treaty is to provide a set of common minimum standards for the control of arms transfers, and a workable operative mechanism for the application of these standards, which are based firmly on states existing responsibilities under international law.
		It would prohibit States from authorizing arms transfers where there is a clear risk that the weapons could be used in violation of the UN Charter or to commit serious abuses of human rights; serious violations of international humanitarian law; acts of genocide or crimes against humanity.
		Controlling the trade in weapons is, of course, only one part of a much broader effort to prevent catastrophes like that which took place in Rwanda and like that which is now taking place in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
	www.iansa.org /action/new_york/arms_trade_treaty.htm (1259 words)

	A Tale of Two Markets: Trade in Arms and Environmental Technologies
		The Administration's arms trade policy is heavily closeted and heavily endowed.
		Arms manufacturers argue that near-Cold War levels of military spending and increased arms export subsidies are necessary to save jobs.
		The arms market on the other hand, which has shrunk drastically in the post-Cold War period, is projected even by the Defense Department to remain sluggish at best in the foreseeable future.
	www.webcom.com /ncecd/taleoftwomarkets.html (2095 words)

	Action Atlas, U.S. Arms Sales
		What we found is that while the U.S. obviously sells weapons to NATO countries and relatively democratic allies like Japan and South Korea, it also has a nasty habit of arming both sides in a conflict, as well as countries with blighted democracy or human-rights records, like Indonesia, Colombia, and Saudi Arabia.
		In a separate story, we detail the arms industry's lobbying strategies in Washington: how it keeps the export pipeline wide open, and easily outmaneuvers Congress' occasional attempt to tie arms sales to human-rights records.
		For example, two of America's biggest arms customers are Greece and Turkey, which have been threatening to go to war with each other for decades over the tiny Mediterranean island of Cyprus.
	www.motherjones.com /news/special_reports/arms (1039 words)

	Global Arms Trade Dangerously Unregulated Says New Report (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The global arms trade is dangerously unregulated, and allows weapons to reach repressive governments, human rights abusers and criminals, says a new report released today.
		The 'Control Arms' campaign aims to reduce arms proliferation and misuse and to convince governments to introduce a binding arms trade treaty.
		Governments to rigorously control national arms exports, brokers and dealers, and do more to prevent law enforcers misusing their weapons and to protect citizens from armed violence.
	www.jointogether.org /gv/news/alerts/reader/0,2061,567181,00.html (725 words)

	Arms Trade Code of Conduct, by Stefania Capodaglio, 1999
		A global Arms Trade Code of Conduct would prohibit the world's arms producers, virtually all developed countries, from providing military assistance and conventional arms transfers to foreign governments that do not meet certain requirements.
		The conventional arms category is broad and ambiguous because it groups many types of dangerous weapons together under the category of "conventional" arms!
		There are a growing number of people who agree with the establishment of a global Arms Trade Code of Conduct, people who have a very realistic view of the world.
	www.wagingpeace.org /articles/1999/00/00_capodaglio_arms-trade.htm (1513 words)

	CAAT - Arms Fairs
		Arms Fairs are the trade exhibitions for military industry which are an integral and important part of the international arms trade.
		Arms Fairs allow the weapons manufacturers an opportunity to promote their products to regimes in conflict, those with terrible human rights records, or without adequate resources.
		For all the reasons that CAAT opposes the arms trade, we oppose the presence of arms fairs.
	www.caat.org.uk /campaigns/armsfairs.php (175 words)

	Oxfam International > Control arms campaign
		The global arms trade is dangerously unregulated, and allows weapons to reach repressive governments, human rights abusers and criminals.
		The agreement, obtained by the Control Arms campaign, was negotiated behind closed doors and will be publicly debated for the first time today at the UN in New York.
		The celebrities who have given their support to our joint campaign for an international arms trade treaty are featured here in the country where they are from.
	www.oxfam.org /eng/programs_camp_arms.htm (495 words)

	Oxfam International > Targeting small arms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In the aftermath of 11th September 2001, countries have relaxed their export policies and are increasingly equipping countries deemed friends in the ‘war on terror’, regardless of the human rights record of the end-users.
		Governments should sign up to an international instrument for arms transfers, including small arms and light weapons, based on human rights and international humanitarian law – with the goal of an Arms Trade Treaty being adopted by the UN by 2006.
		Governments should improve state capacity and their own accountability to control arms transfers, and protect citizens from arbitrary and indiscriminate armed violence in line with international laws and standards.
	www.oxfam.org /eng/policy_pape_smallarms.htm (739 words)

	People & Planet - Kick The Arms Dealers Off Campus - Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The arms trade fuels wars, destroys lives and increases poverty.
		Expose the truth behind this deadly industry to those potential employees and send a clear message to the company that it is not welcome on your campus.
		Prevent the arms industry from sponsoring your university departments, your lecturers, your studies.
	peopleandplanet.org /armstrade (252 words)

	Small Arms and Light Weapons - Global Policy Forum - UN Security Council
		Although providing arms to abusive regimes poses a clear threat to human rights and stability, rich countries have not “made it a genuine priority” to stop the arms trade.
		The trade in small arms fuels conflicts around the world and poses a grave threat to the stability and development of many countries and UN peace operations.
		To arms-control advocates, the US arms-export trade represents a destabilizing waste of resources in the already impoverished developing world; to Pentagon and State Department planners, the arms trade is the prerequisite of a domestic industry they rely upon to maintain America's military dominance.
	www.globalpolicy.org /security/smallarms/salwindx.htm (2910 words)

	Medicine & Global Survival (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The environmental consequences associated with arms even before their use in war have been widely described [18,19,20], and the worldwide environmental pollution associated with nuclear weapons has been detailed in studies conducted by the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War [21,22,23].
		In the United Kingdom, efforts to control Britain's part in the international arms trade are being led by the UK Working Group on Landmines, a coalition of groups and individuals that includes Medical Action for Global Security, the British affiliate of International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War.
		The strongest proposal to end the international arms trade, developed by the International Association of Lawyers Against Nuclear Arms, is a draft convention on the monitoring and reduction of arms transfers, stockpiling, and production.
	www.ippnw.org /MGS/V3Sidel.html (3324 words)

	HRW Arms Division
		The Arms Division of Human Rights Watch was established after the cold war to address the problem of the role of arms in human rights abuses.
		Through our investigative research of the arms trade—which takes us to the areas where weapons are transshipped, delivered, unloaded, and used—we trace the flow of these weapons and expose their source.
		The Arms Division's research and advocacy efforts are described in From Conventional to Futuristic: Tackling the Arms Trade, Banning Inhumane Weapons and A Short Outline of Mandate, Goals, Methodology and Positions.
	www.hrw.org /about/projects/arms.html (1631 words)

	Text: State's Bloomfield on Illicit Small Arms Trade (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Our system provides for the lawful manufacture, trade, and ownership of firearms; the vast majority of the global small arms/light weapons trade consists of lawful, routine, unproblematic transactions for legitimate national defense or law enforcement purposes.
		Our concern is the illicit trade, which enables small arms and light weapons to be transferred internationally without regard for the consequences.
		With regard to small arms and light weapons, the upcoming UN Conference is perhaps the ultimate manifestation of an effort to ensure necessary policy coordination.
	japan.usembassy.gov /e/p/tp-se0228.html (1567 words)

	World Policy Institute - Arms Trade Resource Center
		The Ties that Bind: Arms Industry Influence in the Bush Administration and Beyond, a World Policy Institute Special Report, by William D. Hartung and Michelle Ciarrocca, October 28, 2004.
		U.S. Arms Transfers and Security Assistance to Israel, ATRC Fact Sheet by Frida Berrigan and William Hartung, May 6, 2002.
		This packet profiles six small arms manfacturers, providing information on what weapons systems they produce, where and by what countries the weapons are made, and where they are sold and used.
	www.worldpolicy.org /projects/arms/reports.html (1837 words)

	BASIC - WEAPONS TRADE
		Disposal of Surplus Small Arms: A survey of policies and practices in OSCE countries, Joint Report with Bonn International Center for Conversion, Saferworld, and The Small Arms Survey, February 2004.
		Small arms and light weapons are a growing global security threat, fueling conflict, threatening human rights and impeding development and the provision of humanitarian aid.
		Arms exporters exercise little restraint over their own sales, and participate in only vague and non-binding international cooperation.
	www.basicint.org /WT/wtindex.htm (608 words)

	CNN.com - Oxfam: UK has hidden arms trade - Feb. 25, 2004
		These double standards, according to the report, mean arms components can be sold and reassembled in places where human rights abuses are common.
		It added that the UK government would refuse to issue a license to sell arms components if there was an unacceptable risk of them being misused or resold elsewhere.
		Oxfam said Britain was far from being alone in selling arms components to countries that abused human rights, and said a world arms trade treaty, similar to a ban on the sale of land mines, was needed to tackle the problem.
	cnn.com /2004/WORLD/europe/02/25/britain.arms (581 words)

	Control Arms - What do we want?
		The international community must adopt a global Arms Trade Treaty in time for the next UN arms conference in 2006.
		Responsibility for the bloodshed and misery caused by the absence of effective arms controls stops directly at their doors.
		The Control Arms campaign could be just as influential in pushing governments to adopt an Arms Trade Treaty – but only if enough people join us.
	www.controlarms.org /the_issues/whats_wanted.htm (218 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: The No-Nonsense Guide to the Arms Trade (No-Nonsense Guides) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Foreign debt has remained high, development has been held back, and human rights have been systematically abused, all with the connivance of an arms trade prepared to turn a blind eye to the uses to which increasingly sophisticated weaponry is put, so long as hefty profits can be reaped.
		The financial and trade mechanisms that permit the arms trade to continue are revealed, amid sordid tales of bribery and corruption.
		He has been coordinator of the British Campaign Against the Arms Trade, is actively involved in the peace and anti-arms trade movement, and is a conscientious objector to paying taxes for military purposes.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/185984426X?v=glance (912 words)

	Searchalot Directory for Top/Society/Issues/Warfare_and_Conflict/Arms_Trade
		MOJO wire information on arms around the world including details on countries and companies involved in US arms trade.
		Aims to reduce the proliferation of small arms where they are likely to produce conflict, violence and human rights abuses.
		Campaigns for the reduction and ultimate abolition of the international arms trade and the UK's role in it as a leading arms exporter.
	www.searchalot.com /Top/Society/Issues/WarfareandConflict/ArmsTrade (256 words)

	The Arms Trade is Big Business - Global Issues
		Arms trade may not always be a root cause, because there are often various geopolitical interests etc, but sometimes can be a significant contributor due to the enormous impacts of the weapons involved.
		When combining authoritarian regimes and dictatorships, with arms sellers willing to sell weapons to those regimes, the people of the regions are often repressed, and this is a partial (not the only) explanation for why there is so much fanatisicm and extremism.
		Though the arms trade may not always be a root cause, their impacts are of course significant.
	www.globalissues.org /Geopolitics/ArmsTrade/BigBusiness.asp (4844 words)

	NISAT - Norwegian Initiative on Small Arms Transfers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Most commonly used in conflict, as well as repression and crime, are small arms—automatic rifles, grenades, submachine guns, high powered pistols and other weapons that a single person can easily transport and fire.
		Even after conflicts end, demobilization and reconciliation efforts are frustrated by the flow of these inexpensive and sturdy weapons into the wrong hands at the wrong time.
		NISAT’s aim is to combine the resources and networks of its partner organizations to help block the spread of small arms to areas where they are likely to produce conflict, violence and human rights abuses.
	www.nisat.org (296 words)

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