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Topic: Army of Cuban Occupation Medal

	USN Service Medal Index
		merican bluejackets and Marines were without official medals or other visible signs of their overseas service or combat for the first 120 years of the Navy's existence, since orders, medals and decorations were seen as the trappings of royalty and empire and ran contrary to the republican spirit present at the founding of our country.
		On rare occasions, Congress authorized special commemorative medals for heroes of dramatic naval victories, but these went chiefly to the vessels' commanding officer and were not medals intended for wear on the naval uniform.
		Many of the medals illustrated are in the collection of the Navy Museum at the Naval Historical Center.
	www.history.navy.mil /medals (413 words)

	Cuban Occupation Medal
		The Cuban Occupation Medal was awarded for military service in Cuba between July 18, 1898, and May 20, 1902.
		With the standards are rifles, an Indian shield, a spear and quiver of arrows, a Cuban machete, and a sulu kriss.
		This medal was originally made by the Philadelphia Mint and serially numbered on the rim at the six o'clock position.
	www.foxfall.com /csm-army-com.htm (407 words)

	32 CFR PART 578 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The medal is suspended by a bar from a moired silk ribbon, 1 3/8 inches in length and 1 3/8 inches in width, composed of a bank of scarlet (5/8-inch), a stripe of dark-blue (1/16-inch), a band of white (5/8-inch), a stripe of dark-blue (1/16-inch), and a band of scarlet (5/16-inch).
		The medal is suspended by a moired silk ribbon 1 7/8 inches in length and 1 3/8 inches in width, composed of a stripe of purplish-red (9/16-inch), a stripe of white (1/16-inch), a stripe of purplish-red (1/8-inch), a stripe of white (1/16-inch), and a stripe of purplish-red (9/16-inch).
		The medal of bronze is 36 millimeters in diameter.
	www.washingtonwatchdog.org /documents/cfr/title32/part578.html (14871 words)

	Spanish-Cuban-American War - History of Cuba
		“This was the legacy of American military occupation,” wrote Foner, “and the refusal to permit the use of the funds belonging to the Cuban people to assist the small farmers and planters to retain their land and rebuild their properties, damaged or destroyed during the Revolution.
		Cuban leaders were outraged, but the U.S. government would not budge, announcing that the new republic would have to accept the Platt Amendment in order for the military to leave the island.
		The Cuban flag did not fly over Havana until May 20 1902, when Tomás Estrada Palma was sworn in as the first president of the new Republic.
	www.historyofcuba.com /history/scaw/scaw3.htm (1001 words)

	ARMY OF CUBAN OCCUPATIONAL MEDAL
		On the obverse is the Coat of Arms of the Cuban Republic with wreath and fasces bearing the Cap of Liberty.
		The whole is surrounded by a circle composed of the words "UNITED STATES ARMY" in the upper half and thirteen stars in the lower half.
		Criteria: The medal was awarded to Army officers and enlisted personnel who served with the occupation forces in Cuba from 18 July 1898 to 20 May 1902.
	www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil /Awards/CUBAN%20OCCUPATION%20MEDAL1.html (208 words)

	The Americal Division History (Published 1971)
		Army and Air Force rescue units flew to the area and an infantry element of the 1st Battalion, 6th Infantry was air-lifted to within two miles of the crash sight [sic].
		On February 21, 1969 the Department of the Army designated the 75th Infantry Regiment (Merill's Marauders of the China-Burma Theater Fame in World War II) as the parent organization for long range patrol units, and Company E, 51st Infantry (LRP) was officially redesignated Company G (Ranger) 75th Infantry.
		The 26th Engineer Battalion (Combat) was constituted as a unit of the Regular Army on December 1, 1954 and on December 2, 1954 was activated as an element of the 23rd Infantry Division at Fort Clayton, Canal Zone.
	www.americal.org /ambook.shtml (18209 words)

	Awards and Decorations
		The medal of honor was bestowed by the President in the name of Congress on the unknown, unidentified Belgian soldier on November 3, 1922, and on the unknown, unidentified Rumanian soldier on May 15, 1923.
		No awards of that medal were made during the fiscal year for distinguished services rendered prior to the World War, the total number of awards under this head remaining at 7.
		Nine distinguished-service medals were, however, issued during the last fiscal year to holders of the certificate of merit, under the provisions of the act of Congress approved July 9, 1918 (40 Stat.
	www.army.mil /cmh/documents/wwi/23awd.htm (1585 words)

	MILNET Brief: Medals
		The Soldier's Medal was established in 1926 to recognize soldiers for voluntary acts of bravery during peacetime or heroism not involving actual conflict with an enemy.
		A campaign medal was designed for each Theater, and participation in designated battles or campaigns was designated by the use of small campaign stars (rather than bars as was the case for the WW I Victory Medal) affixed to the medal and service ribbons.
		This medal is only awarded to personnel attached to one of the ships or units listed in the notice or instruction at some time during the respective periods shown, and who actually participated in the operation.
	www.milnet.com /pentagon/medals/medals.htm (11694 words)

	Membership
		If an applicant claims entitlement to a medal which is not shown on the individual's separation papers, that person may request verification and correction of records by submitting a GSA Standard Form 180.
		VFW eligibility listing chart is used as a guide in determining eligibility for membership, and is furnished as a matter of information concerning the periods during which campaign and/or service medals were authorized.
		Campaign medals, and the periods for which issued, have been authorized by the United States of America, and the holder of any such medal or medals is recognized as possessing the campaign medal requisite of eligibility.
	www.vfwpost1503.org /membership.html (474 words)

	The Army Medical Department 1865-1917: Bibliography
		Obviously the published annual reports both of the Surgeon General and of the War Department were crucial in the writing of this volume.
		Baldwin, Alice B. An Army Wife on the Frontier: The Memoirs of Alice Blackwood Baldwin, 1867-1877.
		Goltra, John N. "The Executive Element in the Training and Skill of the Army Surgeon." Journal of the Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 12 (1903): 206-19.
	history.amedd.army.mil /booksdocs/spanam/gillet3/bib.html (13729 words)

	General Info on Major Walter Reed
		Because he felt the Army offered a good opportunity for travel, and also the financial security he felt he needed to marry his winsome fiancée, he applied and was accepted for an appointment in the Medical Department of the Army.
		Gorgas and a Cuban yellow fever expert, Dr. Juan Guitéras, wanted to see if intentionally causing a mild case of yellow fever could be used as a way to "vaccinate" against the disease.
		Her death and the two others sent shock waves through the Army that reverberated all the way back to Washington and eventually lead to the cessation of human experimentation.
	www.wramc.amedd.army.mil /welcome/history/index1.htm (4727 words)

	Getting the Message Through-Chapter 4
		The deployment of the "Army of Cuban Pacification" was authorized by the Platt Amendment, embodied in the Cuban Constitution of 1901, which granted to the United States the right to intervene to preserve Cuban independence.
		The Army aviators at Augusta were called to service, and at Texas City, Texas, the Signal Corps' aviation assets were organized to form the 1st Aero Squadron (Provisional) to support the division.
		The Army continued to use wigwag for long-distance communication, for which it was better suited than semaphore, thus retaining some of Myer's original contributions to military signaling.
	www.army.mil /cmh/books/30-17/S_4.htm (15044 words)

	sociology - Spanish-American War
		A war that was in part fueled by the American public's desire to end the alleged abuse of Cuban natives would in the end result in three territorial conquests for the U.S., tens of thousands of Spaniards and Cubans killed, and the extermination of a quarter of a million Filipinos.
		The Medal of Honor also saw its first resurgence since the Civil War and the conflict saw the first wide scale recognition of individual acts of bravery by soldiers, marines, and sailors alike.
		The Spanish Campaign Medal was upgradeable to include the Silver Citation Star to recognize those U.S. Army members who had performed individual acts of heroism.
	www.aboutsociology.com /sociology/Spanish-American_War (2709 words)

	Medals of the USA Page 2
		U.S. veterans of the Korean War are now eligible to wear a medal initially offered to them more than 50 years ago, but never issued.
		The medal will be provided at no cost to veterans.
		Medal of the National Legion of Greek American War Veterans in America.
	www.diggerhistory.info /pages-medals/usa2.htm (523 words)

	John Pershing at AllExperts
		He was commissioned a Second Lieutenant in the United States Army in the fall of 1886, at the age of twenty six, graduating thirtieth in a class of seventy seven from West Point.
		In a move that shocked the Army establishment, President Theodore Roosevelt convinced Congress to authorize the appointment of Pershing as a Brigadier General in the United States Army, thus skipping three ranks.
		After the United States entered the conflict, he was honored with having his image appear on the Army of Occupation of Germany Medal, created in 1941 in tribute to his leadership during the First World War.
	en.allexperts.com /e/j/jo/john_pershing.htm (3158 words)

	John Joseph Pershing
		There, the 8th Army fought numerous engagements with the fierce Moro tribesmen of the island of Mindanao.
		In the next three years, the American Army was to engage in 2811 separate battles and actions against the Moros.
		Though it was a failure, the expedition gave the Army several tools, including the use of the airplane, the automobile, and the wireless, for use in military operations.
	www.colorado.edu /StudentGroups/PershingRifles/jjp.htm (1893 words)

	Motor Transport Corps
		The Cuban Occupation Medal was issued to those who served in the Army of Occupation after the surrender of Santiago until 20 May 1902.
		The Cuban Pacification Medal was established in commemoration of the occupation of Cuba 1906-1909.
		The Spanish War Medal was issued by the United States government to all members of the U. Army who served at least 90 days during the period of the Spanish American War in locations other than the theater of operations (and could not receive the Spanish Campaign medal).
	www.transchool.eustis.army.mil /Museum/Spanishwar.htm (1361 words)

	History for G co. 143rd Inf (LRS)
		The present coat of arms was adopted by the 143d Infantry under provision of paragraph 5, Army Regulation 260-10, June 30, 1926.
		The crest is that for the regiments of the Texas Army National Guard: On a wreath of the colors (argent and azure) a mullet argent encircled by a garland of live oak and olive proper.
		The gold key, taken from the Army of Cuban Occupation Medal, indicates service in the Spanish-American War.
	www.military.com /HomePage/UnitPageHistory/1,13506,703148\|702108,00.html (153 words)

	.US ARMY Medals and Awards Page.
		The Army of Occupation of Germany and Japan Medal
		Unless otherwise indicated by copyright information, the images of decorations and medals on this website are protected by Title 18, United States Code, Section 704 and the Code of Federal Regulations (32 CFR, Part 507).
		Permission to use these images for commercial purposes must be obtained from The Institute of Heraldry, Resources and Programs Agency, The Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army; prior to their use.
	webpages.charter.net /usaihp/medals.html (153 words)

	Awards, Decorations, Campaign & Service Medals. Medals Awarded in The Great War
		Scans of the actual 24 pages illustrating the medals and insignia of the Armies, Corps, Divisions, and Special Units, as well as descriptions of their formation and activity.
		This Puerto Rican Occupation Medal was submitted by Martin Wagner (remember-9-11-01@mindspring.com).
		Some of those were: Alsace-Lorraine, Army of Occupation, Soissons, Chateau Thierry, etc. There are about a dozen of these known, some marked MADE IN FRANCE, others unmarked.
	freepages.military.rootsweb.com /~worldwarone/WWI/Medals/index.html (1319 words)

	Medals of the Spanish American War
		There were many medals issued - some officially by the Federal Government, some by state governments, the Spanish War Veterans organzation, and by the many military organizations themselves.
		If you have a U.S. government-issued Spanish American War Service medal with a rim number or a Spanish Campaign medals with a rim number, we may be able to provide you with some information on the original recipient, such as his name, possibly his homestate, unit, and rank as well.
		If you have a numbered U.S. government issued medal and want this information, simply provide the information to Andrew Lipps, one of our correspondents by clicking here (please note...this is free for individuals.
	www.spanamwar.com /medals.htm (419 words)

	Pershing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Born in Laclede, Missouri, 'Black Jack Pershing' had a an educational background which ranged from obtaining a teaching degree at the Kirksville Normal School, to graduation from West Point in June, 1886, and from the University of Nebraska Law School in 1893.
		During his tenure as the Chief of Staff, Army, General Pershing established the War Plans Board; staunchly supported national preparedness and a strong Army through efficiency and economy; he improved officer schooling throughout the Army; and established a well regulated National Guard.
		He retired from the Army on 13 September 1924 but continued as the Chairman of the American Battle Monuments Commission (an organization that is still in operation, dedicated to the preservation of US battle monuments an d cemeteries in Europe and the Pacific).
	www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/wwi/bio/p/pershing.html (637 words)

	Top 20 Encyclopedia
		The war was a total war with both Cuban rebel and Spanish troops burning and destroying infrastructure, crops, tools, livestock, and anything else that might aid the enemy.
		Faced with defeat, and a lack of money and resources to continue fighting Spanish occupation, Cuban revolutionary and future president Tomás Estrada Palma secured $150 million dollars from a US banker to purchase Cuba's independence, but Spain refused.
		A war that was in part fueled by the American public's desire to end the alleged abuse of Cuban natives would in the end result in three territorial conquests for the U.S., tens of thousands of Spaniards and Cubans killed, and the deaths of a quarter of a million Filipinos.
	encyc.connectonline.com /index.php/Spanish-American_War (3396 words)

	William Horce Hart, Major General, United States Army
		He saw no service in Cuba during the war, but his regiment was with the Army of Cuban Occupation from January 1899 to November 1900.
		During the period when he was serving in Washington, General Hart developed the first practical Army field range and bake oven for use in the field.
		In 1911 the Army produced a field range identical to his design causing General Hart to ask for an inquiry which was denied.
	www.arlingtoncemetery.net /whhart.htm (836 words)

	AGO_1959-60_No_152 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		545, a copy of which is enclosed, where we held that a campaign badge was a prerequisite to relief under the act, and that a veteran who had served in the army of occupation after the first world war and who had not received a campaign badge, was not entitled to relief under the act.
		Campaign badges or service medals as they are now called, are authorized to be issued by regulations found in 32 C.F.R. The following sections under that general chapter establish the requirements for each of the service medals.
		See for example The Army of Occupation of Germany Medal which was awarded for service between November 11, 1918 and July 11, 1923, but not authorized until November 21, 1941.
	www.atg.wa.gov /opinions/1959-60/opinion_1959-60_152.html (2735 words)

	Army of Cuban Occupation medal
		This medal was issued to the members of the U.S. Army who served in the Army of Occupation in Cuba between 1898 and 1902.
		This medal is a post-Spanish American War medal.
		The reverse reads "Army of Occupation/Military Government of Cuba" and shows the Cuban crest.
	www.spanamwar.com /medalscubaoccupation.htm (147 words)

	Extended Family
		She culminated her distinguished career as supervisor of the anesthesia section of Martin Army Hospital at Fort Benning, GA. She contributed to the development of the inhalation therapy section of the hospital.
		He was an Army Air Forces veteran of World War II and a graduate of the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
		Major Tholander was on the staff on the Army Command and General Staff College in Fort Leavenworth, Kan., at the time of his death.
	www.umass.edu /umassmag/archives/2000/fall2000/inmemoriam.html (10158 words)

	Time Traveler - Authentic American Medals Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		This is an early Silver Star with a low number, (22253) which is very close to the cut off for WW1, but I do not have the numbers for the cut off, so this could go either way.
		U.S. Civil War Veterans GAR (Grand Army of the Republic) Medal, ribbon starting to wear thin near bar, pin mount is intact, medal is a numbered issue........$175.00
		U.S. Army of Cuban Occupation Medal for service in Cuba between 1898 and 1902, numbered issue ((M. No.112))...has early ribbon with Full wrapped broach and pin......$424..00
	www.johnnyg.westhost.com /medals-usa-part5.html (419 words)

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