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	Arnaldo Ochoa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Arnaldo Ochoa Sánchez (1930 – July 12, 1989) was a prominent Cuban general who was executed after being found guilty of treason by a Cuban Court.
		Ochoa was born in old Oriente area, to a family of farmers.
		Ochoa was a largely non-ideological man, who said he saw sense in many of Gorbachev's reforms.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Arnaldo_Ochoa (643 words)

	Arnaldo Ochoa: biography and encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Arnaldo Ochoa Sanchez (1930- July 12, 1989) was a prominent Cuba (Cuba: A communist state in the Caribbean on the island of Cuba; involved in state-sponsored terrorism) n general (general: A general officer of the highest rank), executed (executed: *execution is a synonym for the actioning of something, of putting something into effect....
		Ochoa was born in Havana (Havana: Capital and largest city of Cuba; located in western Cuba; one of the oldest cities in the Americas), to a family of farmer (farmer: A person who operates a farm) s.
		By 1980, Ochoa was widely considered a great internationalist (internationalist: A member of a socialist or communist international), and was awarded the title "Hero of the Revolution (the Revolution: the cuban revolution was the overthrow of cuban dictator fulgencio batista by the...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/arnaldo_ochoa (742 words)

	Cuban Armed Forces Review: The Ochoa Affair: A Majority Faction in the Revolutionary Armed Forces?
		In like manner, the life of comrade Arnaldo Ochoa Sanchez is a living example of the qualities and merits of those men of the most humble origins who...cultivate the authentic traits of modesty and sincerity and who enjoy the admiration, the respect, and the admiration of the masses.
		Arnaldo Ochoa Sanchez was the 9 July 1989 meeting of the Council of State.
		Ochoa was portrayed by del Pino as a military leader who stood among his troops and demonstrated his concern for their problems.
	www.cubapolidata.com /cafr/cafr_ochoa_affair.html (14331 words)

	Cuba After Ochoa by Karen Lee Wald (1990) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In the case of Ochoa, they later found that the CIA had been monitoring, if not provoking, those contacts with drug-runners and was just waiting for the right moment to use that as an excuse to attack Cuba.
		Although General Ochoa had been criticized repeatedly for manifesting too much direct concern for economic rather than military matters in the various countries where he was posted, the deposed general had always justified his activities by saying he was looking out for Cuba's economic interests.
		Arnaldo Ochoa, general in charge of the Cuban military mission in Angola, third-ranking military leader in the country, and close confidant of President Fidel Castro and his brother Raul, minister of the armed forces, one of two men designated "hero of the Republic, " was in every way Cuba's shining star.
	www.walterlippmann.com /Cuba-after-ochoa.html (3624 words)

	Military of Cuba - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This judgment is known in Cuba as "Causa 1" (Cause 1).
		Ochoa and Antonio de la Guardia were executed.
		Following the executions, the Army was drastically downsized and the Ministry of Interior was moved under the informal control of Revolutionary Armed Forces chief General Raúl Castro (Fidel Castro's brother), and large numbers of army officers were moved into the Ministry of Interior.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Military_of_Cuba (329 words)

	MSN Encarta - Cuba
		The government charged General Arnaldo Ochoa Sánchez, a decorated hero and the architect of Cuban victories in Angola, with drug smuggling.
		Ochoa had been an advocate for Cuban troops returning from overseas, helping them find employment.
		Many Cubans suspected that Ochoa’s crime was his popularity and his potential to challenge Castro for power.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761569844_14/Cuba.html (1695 words)

	LA NUEVA CUBA
		Ochoa’s actions reveal the intention to challenge Castro’s power monopoly in many directions, in Cuba’s relations with the Soviets, in directing military operations overseas and in managing the drug traffic.
		This, despite the fact that, at no time during that period, was Ochoa in command of the forces involved in controlling Cuban air space, territorial waters and shores in the areas where these operations were taking place.
		Once discovered, Ochoa, along with some other key operatives, were to be made sacrificial lambs to save Castro’s good name and the reputation of the revolution.
	www.lanuevacuba.com /archivo/e-betancourt-88.htm (1402 words)

	Castro explains (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Ochoa was briefly recalled to Havana and told in no uncertain terms to "overcome any resistance from our Angolan allies in order to readjust the frontlines." To no avail.
		Castro informed Ochoa as late as October 10 that an "impasse" had been reached and that there might have to be another demonstration.
		Ochoa, according to those who knew him (including diplomats involved in the Angola/Namibia settlement process), was a man of striking countenance and much intelligence and charisma.
	www.macatilla.net /War_castro_explains.htm (1886 words)

	FROM CUBA / Drugs, again / José Antonio Fornaris - Cuba News / Noticias - CubaNet News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Days later, Ochoa and 13 other defendants, all officials of MINFAR or the Interior Ministry (MININT), were put on summary trial by a special military court that accused them of crimes agains the nation, betrayal of trust and drug trafficking.
		Ochoa, who was a Hero of the Republic of Cuba, and three other defendants were condemned to death and executed by a firing squad.
		In 1995, when I was under arrest at the Technical Department of Investigations at 100th and Aldabó, I shared a cell with a young man of 30 named Jesús Ascuy, who told me he was an officer in the navy and was under arrest because they had seized several kilograms of narcotics from him.
	www.cubanet.org /CNews/y03/jan03/28e2.htm (595 words)

	Commentary Magazine - Anatomy of an Execution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		When Fidel Castro arrived at his office in the Palace of the Revolution on June 11, 1989, his younger brother Raul, general of the army and second secretary of the party, was waiting for him to discuss a report on the Hero of the Cuban Republic, Division General Arnaldo Ochoa Sanchez.
		...Ochoa was a nothing, a man who had taken credit for military successes actually designed by the great genius Fidel...
		...Ochoa, it was rumored, had even presumed to make friendly fun of Fidel's advancing age-Fidel's tendency to forget where he put things, or what he wanted to say, or what day it was...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V88I5P56-1.htm (2680 words)

	Accuracy In Media - AIM Report
		Ochoa, an officially pro- claimed "Hero of the Republic," had commanded Cuban expeditionary forces in Ethiopia and Angola and is said to have been popular with veterans.
		Ochoa was accused of being involved in international drug trafficking, embezzling hard currency and dealing in ivory, diamonds and gold.
		Ochoa is said to have strongly disagreed, arguing that it would complicate relations with the United States and taint Cuba's reputation to give such support to a dictator involved in drug trafficking.
	www.aim.org /publications/aim_report/1989/07b.html (4127 words)

	The Militant - February 7, 2000 -- Should workers oppose the death penaly in Cuba?
		An aspect of this was involved in the case of Arnaldo Ochoa, a division general, and three other high-ranking officers, who were arrested, tried, convicted, and executed in 1989 for drug trafficking and abuse of office.
		Ochoa had been a commander in Angola while participating in an international mission to defend that country's independence against military assaults by the racist regime in South Africa.
		Ochoa's abuses took place during one of Cuba's greatest internationalist efforts, which dealt a major blow to apartheid.
	www.themilitant.com /2000/6405/640536.html (767 words)

	the Ochoa case (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Four death sentences: General Arnaldo Ochoa Sanchez and his aide-de-camp Jorge Martinez Valdes, Antonio la Guardia and Amado Padron, persons in charge for section MC (convertible currencies) of the MININT (ministry for the interior).
		At this macabre calculation is to be added ten prison sentences from 10 to 30 years: one had not seen similar trial under the palm trees of Cuba since the reduction of the counter revolutionist guerrilla in the Sixties.
		Ochoa knew, or should have known and he did not say anything.
	www.cubantrip.com /ENG/cubalafaillite-eng/ochoa_case.html (422 words)

	Ex-husband: Woman in Castro hoax invents stories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Dr. Felix Ochoa, 50, a Cuban doctor working in Colombia, said at a news conference that Trujillo is not a doctor, not even a nurse.
		Ochoa expressed puzzlement over Trujillo's story, published in The Herald July 19, that she was a surgeon who was present when Castro was admitted to a Havana hospital last October to be treated for a potentially fatal illness that affects the brain.
		Arnaldo Ochoa, who was executed in Cuba in 1989 for alleged drug trafficking.
	www.christusrex.org /www2/fcf/cubahoax8198.html (281 words)

	EXTRACTOS DEL REPORTE "APOYO PARA UNA TRANSICION DEMOCRATICA EN CUBA"
		On July 13, 1989, Division General Arnaldo Ochoa Sánchez, forty-nine years old, was executed by a firing squad.
		Ochoa had begun his career as a guerrilla in the 1959 revolution that had brought Cuban dictator Fidel Castro to power.
		Whatever reasons the Cuban dictator had to kill one he had considered as “a member of my own family,” Ochoa's execution sent a clear warning to the armed forces officers and to any others within the FAR who might be tempted to question regime policies or the Castro’s leadership.
	www.camcocuba.org /news/bush.html (1834 words)

	[No title]
		Arnaldo Ochoa was the Cuban General widely credited with Cuba's victories in both The Angolan Civil War and in Ethiopia's early crushing of the Eritrean rebellion.
		Ochoa was also close and on very friendly terms with both Fidel and Raul Castro, the latter being Ochoa's immediate superior, whom the General always affectionately called "jefe." Besides his African ventures, Arnaldo Ochoa had fought in the Sierra as a Rebel and helped crush the Escambray peasant rebellion in 1961.
		A court martial had found Ochoa guilty of, "Corruption and dishonest use of economic resources," of "departing from the principles of the Revolution" and of "committing grave moral and legal violations of socialist law." The official charge was drug smuggling, and Ochoa was almost certainly guilty.
	www.discoverthenetwork.org /individualProfile.asp?indid=912 (7296 words)

	Russian and East German Documents on Ethiopia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Arnaldo Ochoa told Mengistu that such a light-headed approach to serious business might undermine the prestige of the Military Council.
		Arnaldo Ochoa had the feeling that Mengistu understood what he meant.
		Arnaldo Ochoa also informed me that in one of their recent conversations Mengistu said that Ethiopian-Chinese relations were becoming more and more complicated with every day.
	www.banadir.com /77/13.shtml (1275 words)

	Accused leader in shootdown ran Cuban drug probe
		The Cuban spy master who allegedly ran the plot to ambush two Brothers to the Rescue airplanes is the same intelligence veteran who was chief investigator in the notorious 1989 trial of Gen. Arnaldo Ochoa, exiles say.
		Ochoa, an army hero of the Angola war, and three other officers were convicted and executed amid reports that Ochoa's only real fault had been to criticize President Fidel Castro.
		Delgado was then a lieutenant colonel in charge of the section within the armed forces' counterintelligence agency that watched senior military officers, said Fuentes, author of a book on Ochoa, In the Jaws of the Wolf, to be published this summer.
	www.fiu.edu /~fcf/accusedleader.html (740 words)

	National Review: Castro's scapegoats - Cuban leader Fidel Castro and increased drug smuggling in Cuba
		When the court martial was over, Colonel Antonio de la Guardia, Patricio's brother, was sent before a firing squad together with General Arnaldo Ochoa, the former commander of Cuban forces in Angola.
		The other defendants received life imprisonment, which Patricio is serving in solitary confinement for "lacking the courage and integrity of a revolutionary general" for failing to accuse himself of crimes he did not commit and to denounce his dead brother.
		Arnaldo Ochoa was in the unfortunate position of being a popular general who was unpopular with Castro's inner circle because he had privately advocated economic decentralization and a moving away from one-party rule.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1282/is_n25_v44/ai_13367189 (1455 words)

	Send to a Friend - IPS Inter Press Service
		In 1989, the Cuban people were shocked by the trial against former general Arnaldo Ochoa and other armed forces officials for their participation in drug trafficking and other crimes that were considered a threat to national security.
		The much-talked about case concluded with four death sentences, including Ochoa, while 10 others were given prison sentences of 10 to 30 years.
		In his view, the problem was being hidden, because there was a drug market ”dating back before the Ochoa case,” but it grew with the boom in international tourism to the island and with the 1993 removal of the ban on dollars in the hands of Cuban citizens..
	www.ipsnews.net /sendnews.asp?idnews=22167 (1080 words)

	Military of Cuba - TheBestLinks.com - MiG-29, MiG-23, Arnaldo Ochoa, Revolutionary Navy, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Military of Cuba, Cuba, MiG-29, MiG-23, Arnaldo Ochoa, Revolutionary Navy, Air...
		In 1989, the government instituted a purge of the armed forces and the Ministry of Interior, convicting Army Major General Arnaldo Ochoa, Ministry of Interior Colonel Antonio de la Guardia, and Ministry of Interior Brigadier General Patricio de la Guardia on charges of corruption and drug trafficking.
		Following the executions, the Army was hugely downsized and the Ministry of Interior was moved under the informal control of Revolutionary Armed Forces chief General Raul Castro, and large numbers of army officers were moved into the Ministry of Interior.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Military_of_Cuba.html (398 words)

	After Fidel, another Castro? - Havana Politics News - Havana Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		He also assesses the high-profile 1989 trial and execution by the Castro regime of General Arnaldo Ochoa, a highly popular Cuban officer who had served both in Angola and Nicaragua.
		Ochoa was, as well, an intimate friend of Raul’s who, nonetheless, followed through on Fidel’s demands for Ochoa’s execution.
		Contrary to widespread speculation that Ochoa was involved in a plot against Fidel, Latell contends he was “guilty of nothing more than inappropriate talk...
	havanajournal.com /politics_comments/4032_0_5_0_C (796 words)

	frontline: drug wars: archive: cuba and cocaine \| PBS
		It is often referred to as the Ochoa Trial because the most prominent defendant was Cuba's most successful general, Arnaldo Ochoa.
		Ochoa's court martial and the subsequent trial certainly gave the appearance that Cuba was cracking down on drugs.
		In fact Arnaldo Ochoa, who was a hero of the revolution and a hero of Cuba, a three-star general, a genuine military hero, had no involvement in drugs.
	pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/drugs/archive/cubaandcocaine.html (6822 words)

	[No title]
		A particularly infamous Cuban execution, one that continues to reverberate here even today, occurred in 1989, when a top interior ministry official, Gen. Arnaldo Ochoa, was taken out and shot following a secret trial.
		A courageous, capable and popular man, Ochoa had long been one of Castro's most trusted and competent officers, but he had run afoul of his leader somehow.
		There are those who say the case involved drugs, while others insist Ochoa had simply become a bit too popular and so posed a political threat to Castro.
	www.greatestcities.com /users/cbray5003/443752.html (869 words)

	PMag v13n3p31 -- Review: Castro's Final Hour: The Secret Story Behind the Coming Downfall of Communist Cuba
		His story begins in 1989 at the execution by firing squad of four Cuban officials, including the popular and highly-decorated General Arnaldo Ochoa Sanchez, who had been a close friend of Castro.
		Ochoa had spent the money assisting impoverished veterans who had served under him in Angola.
		If the Ochoa case was a domestic "crack in the system," Castro also faced foreign problems in dealing with Panama's Noriega and Nicaragua's Ortega.
	www.peacemagazine.org /archive/v13n3p31.htm (673 words)

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