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Topic: Arsaces I of Parthia

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	Parthia - LoveToKnow 1911
		Here Arsaces and his brother Tiridates are derived from the royal house of the Achaemenids, probably from Artaxerxes II.; the young Tiridates is insulted by the prefect Agathocles or Pherecles; in revenge the brothers with five companions (corresponding to the seven Persians of Darius) slay him, and Arsaces becomes king.
		Arsaces was proclaimed king at Asaak in the district of Astauene, now Kuchan in the upper Atrek (Attruck) valley (Isidor.
		The reverse shows the seated archer, or occasionally an elephant; the head of the king is beardless and wears a helmet and a diadem; only from the third or fourth king they begin to wear a beard after the Iranian fashion.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Parthia (1192 words)

	Arsaces
		Arsaces is a Persian name, which occurs on a Persian seal, where it is written in cuneiform characters.
		The most famous Arsaces was the chief of the Parni, one of the nomadic Scythian or Dahan tribes in the desert east of the Caspian Sea.
		Tiridates adopted the name of his brother Arsaces, and after him all the other Parthian kings (who by the historians are generally called by their proper names), amounting to the number of about thirty, officially wear only the name Arsaces.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ar/Arsaces.html (343 words)

	e. Parthia. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Arsaces I founded the kingdom of Parthia, including at first only Parthia and Hyrcania, between the Seleucid kingdom in the west and the Bactrian kingdom in the east.
		Arsaces II withstood the attacks of Antiochus III, the Great, in 209; he was followed by Arsaces III (Priapatius, 190–176) and Arsaces IV (Phraates I, 176–c.
		Parthia suffered a collapse and was greatly reduced in territory by Tigranes I of Armenia (c.
	www.bartleby.com /67/216.html (402 words)

	Parthia (1)
		The borders of Parthia were the Kopet Dag mountain range in the north (today the border between Iran and Turkmenistan) and the Dasht-e-Kavir desert in the south.
		The Persian satrap of Parthia was Hystaspes, the father of the new Persian king; he managed to stand his ground against the Parthian rebels in the city Vishpauzâtish, where he repelled his enemies on March 8, 521.
		In the confusion, Parthia was attacked by the Parni, a nomad tribe from the Central-Asian steppe.
	www.livius.org /pan-paz/parthia/parthia01.html (722 words)

	Parthians, The (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Parthia proper was the region stretching along the southern flank of the mountains which separate the great Persian desert from the desert of Kharesm.
		Parthia, in the mind of the writer of the Acts, would designate this empire, which extended from India to the Tigris, and from the Chorasmian desert to the shores of the Southern Ocean; hence, the prominent position of the name Parthians, in the list of those present at Pentecost.
		Parthia was a power, almost rivalling Rome -- the only existing power, which had tried its strength against Rome, and not been worsted in the encounter.
	holycall.com /biblemaps/parthians.htm (189 words)

	Parthia
		Parthia was led by the Arsacid dynasty, who reunited and ruled over the Iranian plateau, taking over the eastern provinces of the Greek Seleucid Empire, beginning in the late 3rd century BCE, and intermittently controlled Mesopotamia between ca 150 BCE and 224 CE.
		Parthia (mostly due to their invention of heavy cavalry) was the arch-enemy of the Roman Empire in the east; and it limited Rome's expansion beyond Cappadocia (central Anatolia).
		In 41 BC Parthia, led by Labienus, invaded Syria, Cilicia, and Caria and attacked Phrygia in Asia Minor.
	www.libraryoflibrary.com /E_n_c_p_d_Parthia.html (5583 words)

	History of Iran: Parthian Empire
		After the fall of the Achaemenid Empire, Parthia, northeastern Iran, was governed by the Seleucid kings: a Macedonian dynasty that ruled in the Asian territories of the former Persian Empire.
		In the confusion, Parthia was overrun by the Parni, a nomad tribe from the Central-Asian steppe.
		The Parthian kings -Arsaces I, Arsaces II, Phriapathus, Phraates I- recognized the Seleucid king as their superiors, especially after the campaign of Antiochus III the Great, who reconquered the lost eastern territories between 209 and 204 BCE.
	www.iranchamber.com /history/parthians/parthians.php (1968 words)

	Fabricius Flavius/Parthia
		The revolt was led by the brothers Arsaces and Tiridates.
		The western border between Rome's dominions and Parthia gradually stabilized on the banks of the Euphrates, but war was always a threat and though major campaigns by the Romans were seen in A.D. 116, 161, 195, 217 and 232.
		Parthian language is a Middle Iranian language originated in Parthia (mainly the northeastern corner of modern,Iran and central-western south of Turkmenistan),and became the oficial language of Arsacid period.
	magellannarfe.com /Parthia/index.html (1574 words)

	Parthia - Free net encyclopedia
		Parthia controlled the Silk Road, the trade route between the Mediterranean Sea and China.
		In 53 BCE, the Roman general Crassus invaded Parthia, but was defeated at the Battle of Carrhae by a Parthian commander called Surena in the Greek and Latin sources, most likely a member of the SГ»rГЄn clan.
		In 41 BCE Parthia, led by Labienus, invaded Syria, Cilicia, and Caria and attacked Phrygia in Asia Minor.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Parthia (2803 words)

	Parasteshlite.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Justin (xli, 1) agrees Arsaces was a Scythian.
		But by 40 B.C. even Rome had to acknowledge a Parthia whose forces, under the joint command of Pacorus I and Q. Labienus, a Roman, had struck directly into the heart of the Roman East and captured the provinces of Asia, Pamphylia, Cilicia, and Syria; even as far south as Petra, Parthia's word was law.
		The western border between Rome's dominions and Parthia gradually stabilized on the banks of the Euphrates, but war was always a threat and though major campaigns by the Romans were seen in A.D. 116, 161, 195, 217 and 232, Parthia was never conquered.
	www.parasteshlite.com /part.html (1227 words)

	RSACIDS, THE (Persian AÞka@n^a@n), Parthian dynasty which ruled Iran from about 250 B
		Photius' epitome runs as follows: “Arsaces and Tiridates were brothers, descendants of Phriapites, the son of Arsaces [Syncellus: the brothers “were allegedly descendants of the Persian Artaxerxes”].
		During one of the internal crises, the kingdom was divided in 384 between the pro-Roman Arsaces (ArÞak) III and the pro-Iranian Chosroes (Xosrov) IV.
		Arsaces III died in 390 and the western kingdom became a part of the Roman empire; but the eastern kingdom (Persarmenia) continued to exist.
	www.iranica.com /newsite/articles/v2f5/v2f5a012.html (13151 words)

	Parthia - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Parthia, ancient country of Asia, SE of the Caspian Sea.
		In its narrowest limits it consisted of a mountainous region intersected with fertile valleys, lying S of Hyrcania and corresponding roughly to the modern Iranian province of Khorasan.
		In 250 BC, led by Arsaces, they freed themselves from the rule of the Seleucids and founded the Parthian empire.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-parthia.html (398 words)

	Lords of the Earth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Arsaces took command of all the forces in the area and then set about forcing the worship of false gods out of the area.
		Arsaces had expected some reprisal for his actions and had sent spies to cause dissent in the opposers ranks.
		The battle was fierce since Arsaces only had cavalry to send at the walls, but his men fought for their gods who they held passionately to themselves while the barbaric people held much less fervor in their gods.
	www.throneworld.com /lords/lote47/Newsfaxes/L47_Turn_4.htm (10327 words)

	Brief History of Parthia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		During its existence Parthia had mostly hostile relations with Rome in the west and it had to fight off the Sakas and the Ephthalites in the east.
		Parthia and Armenia (the latter had separated from the Seleucid Empire ca190) both claimed the territory of Azerbaijan, called Atropatene, which became a semi-autonomous dependency of Parthia.
		In the mid-2nd century, under Antiochus IV Epiphanes, the Seleucids of Syria tried to conquer Parthia but were defeated by Mithradates I (ca171-138), who annexed the former territory of Media east of Mesopotamia, where, in the area around modern Hamadan, the Parthian ruler founded Ecbatana.
	www.worldhistoryplus.com /history/p/Parthia_brief.htm (748 words)

	Relatives of D.T. Rogers(b. 1943) - pafg547 - Generated by Personal Ancestral File
		King Artabanus I of Parthia [Parents] was born in 185 BC.
		King Tiridates I of Parthia [Parents] was born in 285 BC.
		King Arsaces II(Artabanus) of Parthia [Parents] was born in 250 BC.
	www.geocities.com /dantrogers/pafg547.htm (151 words)

	Arsaces - International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
		This particular Arsaces was the sixth of the line of independent Parthian rulers which had been founded in 250 BC by Arsaces I, who revolted from Antiochus Theos, killed the Syrian satraps, and with his successor Tiridates I firmly established the independence of the Parthian kingdom.
		According to the account preserved in 1 Macc 14:1-3, Arsaces sent one of his captains, who went and smote the host of Demetrius, and took him alive, and brought him to Arsaces, by whom he was put in ward.
		Arsaces VI is mentioned, also, in 1 Macc 15:22, as one of the kings whom the Romans forbade to make war on their Jewish allies.
	www.studylight.org /enc/isb/view.cgi?number=T772 (243 words)

	Rome and Parthia: Power Politics and Diplomacy Across Cultural Frontiers
		Parthia emerged both as the inheritor of early Middle Eastern influences and as the limit of Roman power in the east.
		Parthia established itself as an independent region by breaking away from the Seleucid Kingdom in the third century B.C. (circa 250-238 B.C.), with the Arsacids defeating an independent satrap, probably Andragoras, by 238 B.C.(46) Thereafter the Parthians fought to become a locus of independent power as the strength of the Seleucid kingdom fluctuated.
		Parthia, in turn, had to face major territorial challenges in the east and north, and found its security readily undermined by Armenian plots, Roman incursions from Syria, or by internal dissent.
	www.international-relations.com /rp/Parthia-NewWB.htm (13015 words)

	Notebook
		Arsaces saw his change: expelling Andragoras about 247 [239?], he and his followers occupied the province of Parthia: the Iranian recovery of Iran had begun.
		The [A]parni, probably after some mixing with the local population, came to be called Parthians after the province they had appropriated; later, when their conquests were extended, the term Parthia came also to cover the whole of the area under their control.
		Arsaces' hegemony ended with his death during an attack on the neighbouring province of Hyrcania [Wolski: 1959; 1974].
	www.noteaccess.com /APPROACHES/Parthian.htm (3561 words)

	PARTHIA - Online Information article about PARTHIA
		Alexander, of Persian origin, and ancestor of Arsaces.
		Hierax, enabled him not only to maintain himself in Parthia, but also to conquer Hyrcania; but he was constantly threatened by Diodotus of Bactria (Justin xli.
		march into the east, Arsaces fled to the nomadic tribe of the Aspasiacae (Strabo xi.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /PAI_PAS/PARTHIA.html (1629 words)

	Biographies: Arsaces I :: 0 A.D. :: Wildfire Games
		In 247 B.C. Arsaces took advantage of internal problems within the Seleucid Empire and had himself crowned Shahandshah (Ancient Persian: Emperor) of a new nation, Parthia (which means ‘the exiled’ in the Parni language), at the city of Asaak.
		However on the diplomatic front Arsaces was quite active and in 234 he negotiated an alliance with the new ruler (Didotus II) of his fellow rebel kingdom, Bactria (founded by Didotus I about the same time as Parthia).
		Another part of Arsaces’ program was the refounding of several old cities as well as the founding of new ones, such as: Asaak, Dara (which would later become famous as impregnable), and Nisa (which later became the burial place of Arsaces).
	wildfiregames.com /0ad/page.php?p=7911 (773 words)

	History
		In 53 B.C. Crassus and over 40,000 Roman troops were annihilated by the Parthian forces of Orodes II and the peoples from the Mediterranean to the Indus understood the strength of Parthia.
		But by 40 B.C. even Rome had to acknowledge a Parthia whose forces, under the joint command of Pacorus I and Q.
		Labienus, a Roman, had struck directly into the heart of the Roman East and captured the provinces of Asia, Pamphylia, Cilicia, and Syria; even as far south as Petra, Parthia's word was law.
	www.parthia.com /parthia_history.htm (1218 words)

	Arsaces I of Parthia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Coin of Arsaces I. The reverse shows a seated archer carrying a bow.
		The incription below the bow is in Aramaic.
		The name Arsaces in Parthian is spelled 'ršk (Aršak).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Arsaces_I_of_Parthia (382 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 835 (v. 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		But by far the most important of the neighbouring monarchs was Arsaces, king of Parthia, to whom Lucullus, knowing that his friendship and alliance had been earnestly courted by Mithridates and Tigranes, despatched Sextilius as ambassador.
		The Parthian monarch gave a friendly reception to the Roman envoy, and dismissed him with fair promises, but his real object was only to temporise, and, so doubtful was his conduct, that Lueullus is said to have designed to leave both Mithridates and Tigranes for a time, and march at once against Arsaces.
		Even those who were under the command of Lucullus himself in Gordyene, took alarm at the idea of marching against the Parthians, and not only was their general compelled to abandon this design, but it was with some difficulty that he could prevail upon them to follow him once more against Mithridates and Tigranes.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/1943.html (761 words)

	Persian Empire By Pejman Azadi - The Parthia (Ashkanian) Empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The people are settled on the land, cultivating the fields and growing rice and wheat.
		envoy first visited the kingdom of Anxi (Parthia), the king of Anxi dispatched a party of 20,000 horsemen to meet them on the eastern border of the kingdom...
		economic crisis for three or four decades, and the consequences of the looting for Parthia were dire.
	pejman.azadi.googlepages.com /theparthia(ashkanian)empire (2157 words)

	Detail Page
		For nearly 500 years the Arsacids were the second greatest power in the world, vying with Rome for supremacy and influence in the East.
		They were broken finally by the Sassanids, a new and more vital dynasty led by Ardashir I, but only after 37 rulers had sat upon the Arsacid throne.
		, Arsaces, a lord of Parthia, led a revolt against Antiochus II of Syria, destroying his enemy and declaring himself the king of Parthia.
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=ROME0147 (564 words)

	Parthian Empire, page 1 (Arsaces I - Mithradates II)
		In 247 BC, Arsaces, leader of a Scythian group in Central Asia called the Parni (a branch of the Dahae) is crowned king.
		He overthrows the Seleucid governor of Parthia in 238 BC and establishes a new nation that lasts for almost 500 years.
		Son, or possibly nephew of Arsaces I. Reign 211 - 191 BC.
	www.grifterrec.com /coins/parthia/parthian.html (734 words)

	The Beginnings of the Arsacids - (The Circle of Ancient Iranian Studies - CAIS)©
		The occupation of Parthia by the Parni and the establishment of the Parthian Empire, then, took place about 238 B.C. But the earliest evidence referring to the Arsacids assigns their beginnings to the reign of Antiochus 11.
		The Arsacid Era was the dating "as the king reckons."[19] The kings of Parthia, like those of Pontus, of Bithynia, etc., imitated the Seleucid computation with one of their own.
		In fact, we are told that "Arsaces was proclaimed first king" in the city of Asaac,[25] an obscure road station in Astauene, in the upper Atrek valley, that is, in Hyrcania.
	www.cais-soas.com /CAIS/History/ashkanian/arsacids_beginnings.htm (2510 words)

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