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	Artabanus - LoveToKnow 1911
		At last Artabanus defeated his rival completely and occupied Ctesiphon; Vonones fled to Armenia, where he was acknowledged as king, under the protection of the Romans.
		Artabanus was deserted by his followers and fled to the East.
		Artabanus took refuge with his vassal, the king Izates of Adiabene; and Izates by negotiations and the promise of a complete pardon induced the Parthians to restore Artabanus once more to the throne (Jos.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Artabanus (954 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Artabanus II of Parthia
		Tiberius' nephew and heir Germanicus, whom he sent to the East, concluded a treaty with Artabanus, in which he was recognized as king and friend of the Romans.
		But Artabanus was not strong enough for a war with Rome; he therefore concluded a treaty with Vitellius in 37, in which he gave up all further pretensions.
		Artabanus took refuge with his vassal, the king Izates of Adiabene; and Izates by negotiations and the promise of a complete pardon induced the Parthians to restore Artabanus once more to the throne.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Artabanus_II (558 words)

	Artabanus II of Parthia Information
		But Artabanus was not strong enough for a war with Rome; he therefore concluded a treaty with Vitellius in 37, in which he gave up all further pretensions.
		Artabanus took refuge with his vassal, the king Izates of Adiabene; and Izates by negotiations and the promise of a complete pardon induced the Parthians to restore Artabanus once more to the throne.
		Shortly afterwards Artabanus died, and was succeeded by his son, Vardanes, whose reign was still more turbulent than that of his father.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Artabanus_II_of_Parthia (568 words)

	Artabanus IV of Parthia - Definition, explanation
		Artabanus IV of Parthia ruled the Parthian Empire (c.
		Artabanus rebelled against his brother Vologases VI, and soon gained the upper hand, although Vologases VI maintained himself in a part of Babylonia until about 228.
		Caracalla's successor, the Praetorian Prefect of the Guard Macrinus, was defeated at Nisibis and concluded a peace with Artabanus, in which he gave up all the Roman conquests, restored the booty, and paid a heavy contribution to the Parthians.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/a/ar/artabanus_iv_of_parthia.php (250 words)

	ARTABANUS - Online Information article about ARTABANUS
		ARTABANUS I., successor of his nephew Phraates II.
		But Artabanus was not strong enough for a war with Rome; he therefore concluded a treaty with Vitellius, in which he gave up all further pretensions (A.D.
		The war lasted several years; at last Artabanus himself was vanquished and killed (A.D.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /ARN_AUD/ARTABANUS.html (1207 words)

	Detail Page
		Artabanus possessed only a temporary hold on his throne and was always aware of the dangerous factions involved in court politics.
		Artabanus returned to the throne soon after, but in 35, at the instigation of the Romans, Mithridates of the Asian Kingdom of Iberia invaded Parthia.
		After his generals were defeated, and in the face of invasion by the commander of the legions, Lucius Vitellius, Artabanus accepted Roman supremacy in Armenia.
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=ROME0151 (264 words)

	Artabanus at AllExperts
		Artabanus was the name of two noblemen of Persia:
		* Artabanus was the younger brother of king Darius I of Persia, and satrap of Bactria in the early 5th century BC.
		Artabanus was the name of four kings of ancient Parthia:
	en.allexperts.com /e/a/ar/artabanus.htm (191 words)

	Artabanus IV of Parthia at AllExperts
		Artabanus IV of Parthia ruled the Parthian Empire from 216 to 224.
		Artabanus IV rebelled against his brother Vologases VI of Parthia (208–228), and soon gained the upper hand, although Vologases VI maintained himself in a part of Babylonia until about 228.
		Caracalla's successor, the Praetorian Prefect of the Guard Macrinus (217–218), was defeated at Nisibis and concluded a peace with Artabanus IV, in which he gave up all the Roman conquests, restored the booty, and paid a heavy contribution to the Parthians.
	en.allexperts.com /e/a/ar/artabanus_iv_of_parthia.htm (315 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 367 (v. 1)
		Xerxes had three sons, Dareius, Artaxerxes, and Hystaspes, who was absent from the court as satrap of Bactria.
		Now as it was necessary for Artabanus to get rid of these sons also, he persuaded Artaxerxes that his brother Dareius was the murderer of his father, and stimulated him to avenge the deed by assassinating Dareius.
		Artabanus now communicated his plan of usurping the throne to his sons, and his intention to murder Artaxerxes also.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/0376.html (849 words)

	allen
		Artabanus' odd inclusion of the giant Eleazar in the hostage entourage must be interpreted in the light of previous hostage experiences in Rome.
		By providing the giant Eleazar as a second 'hostage', Artabanus was answering the Roman spectacle of empire in kind, in effect cheapening the significance of Darius by classifying him as mirabilia visu and declaring the Roman interest in the East to be nothing more than an exploration of the exotic.
		Artabanus was attempting to expose the emptiness of hostage symbolism, and his efforts reflect a profound shift in Roman attitudes toward their empire and non-Roman attitudes toward their conquerors.
	www.apaclassics.org /AnnualMeeting/01mtg/abstracts/allen.html (440 words)

	The Karnamik-I-Ardashir
		Papak was the frontier governor of Pars, and was one of the commissioners appointed by Artabanus.
		Artabanus had in his service an accomplished maiden, whom he regarded with greater respect and affection than the other maidens under him; and this maiden took part in every service that was meant to do honor to Artabanus.
		At night, when Artabanus was asleep, she took from the treasury of Artabanus an Indian sword, golden saddles, belts of fine leather, golden crowns, golden goblets full of jewels, dirhems and dinars, coats-of-mail, highly engraved weapons of war, and many other precious things, and she brought them to Ardashir.
	www.earth-history.com /Persian/karnamik.htm (5309 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Artabanus was the son of a viceroy of Hyrcania and was only Arsacid on his mother's side.
		In 37 a meeting with a representative of Rome on a bridge in the middle of the Euphrates allowed an agreement to be reached that maintained the status quo in Armenia and recognized the Parthian sovereignty with the river as the frontier.
		The strong personality of Artabanus III did not seek to impose his kingdom as a world power, but he did not hesitate to make plans to regain the western province, the former Achaemenid possessions.
	www.armenians.com /famous/artabanus.html (403 words)

	James Ussher - The Annals of the World
		Artabanus was found in Hyrcania very lowly attired and living by hunting with a bow.
		Tiridates was afraid of Artabanus and began to hesitate as to what to do, whether he should immediately encounter him or delay the war.
		Artabanus easily overcame his enemies and was restored to his kingdom.
	www.angelfire.com /sc3/nwp/World9d.htm (9074 words)

	Parthia: History
		Artabanus I succeeded Phraates II and was able to divert the tide of nomad invasion south and eastwards, although he, too, was killed in battle with the Saka.
		Artabanus II was a Parthian's Parthian, having been brought up among the Dahae, and after an initial defeat, celebrated by Vonones on his coins, Artabanus succeeded in capturing the throne, still dressed in rags as a nomadic Scythian.
		Artabanus and his brother temporarily halted their hostilities, allowing Artabanus to concentrate his forces against Caracalla, who had since been assassinated.
	americanhistory.si.edu /collections/numismatics/parthia/frames/phisfm.htm (2182 words)

	History of Iran: The Karnamak-e Ardeshir-e Papakan
		Papak was the frontier governor of Pars, and was one of the commissioners appointed by Artabanus.
		Artabanus had in his service an accomplished maiden, whom he regarded with greater respect and affection than the other maidens under him; and this maiden took part in every service that was meant to do honor to Artabanus.
		At night, when Artabanus was asleep, she took from the treasury of Artabanus an Indian sword, golden saddles, belts of fine leather, golden crowns, golden goblets full of jewels, dirhems and dinars, coats-of-mail, highly engraved weapons of war, and many other precious things, and she brought them to Ardashir.
	www.iranchamber.com /history/sassanids/karnamak_ardeshir_papakan1.php (1518 words)

	Parthians, A History Of
		Conflict between two claimants to the Parthian throne, Vologeses IV or V and Artabanus V, gave the Roman emperor Caracalla an excuse to invade Adiabene, but in 217 he was assassinated on the road from Edessa to Carrhae, and the Romans made peace.
		Artabanus V avenged himself by invading the Roman provinces and destroying several cities.
		A battle took place between him and Artabanus V in 224; the Parthian was killed, and the throne of Iran passed into the hands of the Sasanids, a new national dynasty, originally from Fars, cradle of the Achaemenids.
	history-world.org /parthians.htm (3949 words)

	INNAMUS (< Gk
		The Parthian nobles remained dissatisfied, however, and Artabanus was forced to take refuge with his loyal vassal Izates II (36-60), king of Adiabene (q.v.).
		In 37 or 38 he is supposed to have gone in person to meet the exiled Artabanus; by performing obeisance and by lifting the crown from his own head and placing it on Artabanus's head, he recognized the latter as king.
		The fact that Artabanus was his “foster father” or “tutor” would not, however, have provided sufficient grounds for Cinnamus to claim the throne.
	www.iranica.com /newsite/articles/v5f6/v5f6a009.html (656 words)

	History : Josephus' writings - Book 20, Ch. 3
		He also wrote to the Parthians, to persuade them to receive Artabanus again; and gave them his right hand and his faith, that he should forget what was past and done, and that he would undertake for this as a mediator between them.
		When Cinnamus understood their intentions, he wrote to Artabanus himself, for he had been brought up by him, and was of a nature good and gentle also, and desired him to put confidence in him, and to come and take his own dominions again.
		Accordingly, Artabanus trusted him, and returned home; when Cinnamus met him, worshipped him, and saluted him as a king, and took the diadem off his own head, and put it on the head of Artabanus.
	www.godrules.net /library/flavius/flaviusb20c3.htm (549 words)

	Courses: 2003 Fall: CLST1003: Week 10 - Study Questions
		Artabanus slept in Xerxes' bed, in Xerxes' pajamas, at Xerxes' insistence to confirm or deny Xerxes' claim that a phantom came to him in a dream and was warning him to not abandon his campaign against Greece.
		The result was that Artabanus, now a believer, told Xerxes that he only advised him against the campaign out of concern for him also since Xerxes' impetuousness was god-given, that he should tell the Persians that the previous stop order is retracted and to carry on with their preparations against Greece.
		Artabanus fears about the outcome because there he sees the presence of "two factors which are your worst enemies".
	www.jazzhaven.com /Detailed/9.html (2838 words)

	Lucius Vitellius
		A few years before, Artabanus' son Arsaces had become king of Armenia; he had ascended to the throne by expelling the pro-Roman king Vonones.
		The result was that many Parthians ignored their oath of loyalty to Artabanus, and sided with Tiridates, the Parthian prince from Rome, who arrived in the Spring of 36.
		However, the new king hesitated too long and gave Artabanus a second chance: using Scythian mercenaries, he marched on Seleucia, and Tiridates was forced to return to Vitellius.
	www.livius.org /vi-vr/vitellius/lucius.html (1123 words)

	Adiabene, Jewish Kingdom of Mesopotamia
		Nevertheless, King Artabanus begged King Izates for aid, and the two kings held a conference in which Artabanus asked for supplies and diplomatic reassurance and representation from the Adiabenians.
		The detente arranged by Izates for the two kings was arranged, and upon Artabanus' arrival, he was recrowned regent of his province on the authority of Izates of Adiabene province, the Jewish King.
		Once re-elected, Artabanus conferred the highest honors to Izates as a reward of his service, including the right to "wear his [Artabanus'] tiara upright, and to sleep upon a golden bed, which are privileges and marks of honor peculiar to the Kings of Parthia."
	www.khazaria.com /adiabene/lissner1.html (3446 words)

	Artabanus
		Artabanus was the son of Hystaspes and the younger brother of the Persian king Darius (ruled 522-486).
		From the tablets found at Persepolis, we know that Irdabanu (the Elamite form of Artabanus' name) was satrap of the important satrapy Bactria, which probably means that he was considered the first in line of succession until Darius' son Xerxes was old enough.
		In the Histories of the Greek researcher Herodotus of Halicarnassus (fifth century BCE), Artabanus usually plays the role of the wise councelor, who warns against dangerous military enterprises.
	www.livius.org /arl-arz/artabanus/artabanus.html (150 words)

	Herodotus: Book Seven
		Artabanus agrees, and tells Xerxes his moral philosophy; the true nature of dreams, which are not prophetic or divine, just mental images (16).
		Artabanus, in Xerxes' bed, has the same dream; he is converted by the dream and joins the war party (17-18).
		Artabanus is worried about the future; Xerxes asks in what way his force is deficient (47-48).
	academic.reed.edu /humanities/Hum110/Hdt/Hdt7.html (2909 words)

	Herodotus use of Speeches (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The speeches do have purposes, the most important for the first is to analyze Xerxes's chances of success with the benefit of hindsight, at the same time as setting the scene.
		Artabanus is also being prophetic: it gives some of the reasons why the Greeks eventually triumph.
		One function of formal speeches, such as that of Artabanus, is to set out general truths, usually ones with a direct bearing on the narrative.
	www.herodotuswebsite.co.uk /spchs.htm (641 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pabag's efforts in gaining local power at the time escaped the attention of Artabanus IV, the Arsacid Emperor of the time who was involved in a dynastic struggle with his brother Vologases (Walakhsh) VI in Mesopotamia.
		Artabanus IV initially ordered the governor of Khuzestan to march against Ardashir in 224, but this ended up in a major victory for Ardashir.
		Ardashir I's son Shapur I (241–272), whose mother was the daughter of a Parthian monarch, possibly Artabanus IV or one of the members of Suren Clan, continued this expansion, conquering Bactria and Kushan, while leading several campaigns against Rome.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Sassanid_dynasty (10251 words)

	The Baldwin Project: Xerxes by Jacob Abbott
		Artabanus, on the other hand, the uncle of Xerxes, was a man advanced in years, and of a calm and cautious disposition.
		He accused Artabanus of meanness of spirit, and of a cowardice disgraceful to his rank and station, in thus advocating a tame submission to the arrogant pretensions of the Greeks.
		Artabanus had barely [76] succeeded in escaping by leaping from his couch and rushing precipitately out of the room.
	www.mainlesson.com /display.php?author=abbott&book=xerxes&story=debate (3689 words)

	Kaarina Rein. Summary of the M.A. thesis
		Artabanus warns Xerxes about the potential dangers and advises him to cancel the expedition.
		Artabanus is right when he warns Xerxes about the potential risks, but he cannot tell him how he should fulfil the nomos.
		Moralising is the role of Artabanus and not of Herodotus.
	www.ut.ee /teaduskond/Filosoofia/KlassikalineFilol/isikud/mag/rein_mag.html (1132 words)

	On Herodotus' Histories
		When Xerxes presented his case to an assembly of the noblest Persians, his deputy, Mardonius, who ‘longed for adventures and hoped to become satrap of Greece under the king,’ exhorted him to action.
		Torn as he was between the two paths, Xerxes was haunted by a vision in his sleep of a tall handsome man urging him to war.
		Greatly frightened, he summoned Artabanus and made him don his regal attire, sit on his throne and sleep in his bed hoping that the same vision would strike him.
	www.shunya.net /Text/Herodotus/TheWar.htm (1093 words)

	Ancient Historians-Wk. 4.1
		His "wise" adviser Artabanus points out how both the land and the sea are obstacles for the expedition, but Xerxes insists that risk is necessary.
		With Artabanus gone, she assumes the role of "wise adviser", along with the Spartan exile Demaratus.
		Artabanus tells Xerxes that the freedom-loving Greeks will resist, especially the Spartans, who are dominated by the custom of "prevail or die".
	clawww.lmu.edu /classics/cl230/materialswk4-1.htm (1314 words)

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