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	Artabanus - LoveToKnow 1911
		At last Artabanus defeated his rival completely and occupied Ctesiphon; Vonones fled to Armenia, where he was acknowledged as king, under the protection of the Romans.
		But Artabanus was not strong enough for a war with Rome; he therefore concluded a treaty with Vitellius, in which he gave up all further pretensions (A.D. A short time afterwards Artabanus was deposed again, and a certain Cinnamus was proclaimed king.
		Artabanus took refuge with his vassal, the king Izates of Adiabene; and Izates by negotiations and the promise of a complete pardon induced the Parthians to restore Artabanus once more to the throne (Jos.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Artabanus (954 words)

	Top Literature - Artabanus IV
		Artabanus IV of Parthia ruled the Parthian Empire from 216 to 224.
		Artabanus IV rebelled against his brother Vologases VI of Parthia (208–228), and soon gained the upper hand, although Vologases VI maintained himself in a part of Babylonia until about 228.
		Caracalla's successor, the Praetorian Prefect of the Guard Macrinus (217–218), was defeated at Nisibis and concluded a peace with Artabanus IV, in which he gave up all the Roman conquests, restored the booty, and paid a heavy contribution to the Parthians.
	encyclopedia.topliterature.com /?title=Artabanus_IV (285 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Artabanus II of Parthia
		Tiberius' nephew and heir Germanicus, whom he sent to the East, concluded a treaty with Artabanus, in which he was recognized as king and friend of the Romans.
		But Artabanus was not strong enough for a war with Rome; he therefore concluded a treaty with Vitellius in 37, in which he gave up all further pretensions.
		Artabanus took refuge with his vassal, the king Izates of Adiabene; and Izates by negotiations and the promise of a complete pardon induced the Parthians to restore Artabanus once more to the throne.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Artabanus_II (558 words)

	Parthia - The Encyclopedia
		The Seleucid monarchs, however, attempted to hold the line against the Parthian expansion; Antiochus IV Epiphanes spent his last years on a campaign against the newly emerging Iranian states.
		In 161, king Vologases IV declared war against the Romans and reconquered Armenia.
		A bust from The National Museum of Iran of Queen Musa, wife of Phraates IV of Parthia.
	www.the-encyclopedia.com /description/Parthia (3666 words)

	Parthia - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The Seleucid monarchs attempted to "hold the line" against the Parthian expansion; Antiochus IV Epiphanes spent his last years on a campaign against the newly emerging Iranian states.
		In 161 CE king Vologases IV declared war against the Romans and reconquered Armenia.
		A bust from The National Museum of Iran of Queen Musa, wife of Phraates IV of Parthia, excavated by a French team in Khuzestan, Iran in 1939.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Parthia (3130 words)

	DIABENE, a district near the present﷓day borders of Iraq, Iran, and Turkey, approximately 36° north latitude and ...
		However, she herself was sufficiently in sympathy with him to go in A.D. 46 on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem where she was able to relieve the worst effects of a famine by importing shiploads of grain from Alexandria and figs from Cyprus.
		Artabanus, naturally grateful for so effectual an intervention, rewarded Izates with the privilege of wearing an upright tiara and of sleeping on a golden couch as well as an extension of territory to include Nisibis on the western side of the Tigris.
		Artabanus died shortly afterwards, and his son, Vardanes I (Barda@n), attempted to persuade Izates to accompany the Parthians in an expedition against the Romans.
	www.iranica.com /newsite/articles/v1f5/v1f5a008.html (2019 words)

	Parthia: History
		Artabanus I succeeded Phraates II and was able to divert the tide of nomad invasion south and eastwards, although he, too, was killed in battle with the Saka.
		Phraates IV was able to bring peace with Rome for Parthia following the crushing defeat of Marc Antony's invasion and the establishment of close relations with Augustus, eventually resulting in the return of the standards captured at Carrhae.
		Artabanus II was a Parthian's Parthian, having been brought up among the Dahae, and after an initial defeat, celebrated by Vonones on his coins, Artabanus succeeded in capturing the throne, still dressed in rags as a nomadic Scythian.
	americanhistory.si.edu /collections/numismatics/parthia/frames/phisfm.htm (2182 words)

	sassanid
		The Sassanid dynasty was founded by Ardashir I after defeating the last Parthian (Arsacid) king, Artabanus IV and ended when the last Sassanid Shahanshah (King of Kings), Yazdegerd III (632–651), lost a 14-year struggle to drive out the early Islamic Caliphate, the first of the Islamic empires.
		Artabanus IV initially ordered the governor of Khuzestan to march against Ardashir in 224, but this ended up in a major victory for Ardashir.
		Hormizd IV was also a vigorous ruler who continued the success and prosperity established by his predecessors.
	webraindor.info /wiki/sassanid (7030 words)

	RSACIDS, THE (Persian AÞka@n^a@n), Parthian dynasty which ruled Iran from about 250 B
		After this Artabanus gave way, with the result that about 18/19, amicable relations were apparently re-established on the pattern of the treaties concluded in 20 B.C. and 1 B.C. The main loser was Vonones who was deported to Cilicia by the Romans and died there in A.D. 19 when attempting to escape.
		However, fearing that Artabanus was becoming too powerful, the nobility negotiated with the Romans against him: Emperor Tiberius then sent them Phraates, one of the four sons of Phraates IV, and when he died en route in Syria, Tiridates, a grandson of Phraates IV, was sent in his place.
		In the year 216 the emperor Caracalla asked Artabanus IV for the hand of his daughter in marriage, in itself a clear evidence of the fact that the latter was then monarch, even though the coinage of Vologases VI continued to appear in Seleucia until at least 221/2.
	www.iranica.com /newsite/articles/v2f5/v2f5a012.html (13151 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Artabanus
		He overthrew the last Parthian king, Artabanus IV, entered Ctesiphon, and reunited Persia out of the confusion of Seleucid decline.
		^293 Artabanus, ^294 a native of Hyrcania, captain of...
		Artaxerxes, by birth a Persian, having overcome and slain Artabanus, the last of those kings, transferred the empire of the Parthians...
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Artabanus (560 words)

	Sassanid Empire
		Pabag's efforts in gaining local power at the time escaped the attention of Artabanus IV, the Arsacid Emperor of the time who was involved in a dynastic struggle with his brother Vologases (Walakhsh) VI in Mesopotamia.
		Ardashir I's son Shapur I (241–272), whose mother was the daughter of a Parthian monarch, possibly Artabanus IV or one of the members of Suren Clan, continued this expansion, conquering Bactria and Kushan, while leading several campaigns against Rome.
		However, Kavadh's army with aid of Lakhmid ruler (a Sassanid vassal kingdom), al-Mundhir IV ibn al-Mundhir and tactical adjustment of his elite Savarans (knights) to counter Belaisarius's legions, later defeated Roman armies under the command of Belisarius twice, one in year 530 in Battle of Nisbis and other in year 531 in Battle of Callinicum.
	www.wikipediaondvd.com /nav/art/3/d.html (11056 words)

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	ARTABANUS - Online Information article about ARTABANUS
		ARTABANUS I., successor of his nephew Phraates II.
		But Artabanus was not strong enough for a war with Rome; he therefore concluded a treaty with Vitellius, in which he gave up all further pretensions (A.D.
		The war lasted several years; at last Artabanus himself was vanquished and killed (A.D.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /ARN_AUD/ARTABANUS.html (1207 words)

	Herodian's Roman History 4.10
		He wrote a letter to the king of Parthia (his name was Artabanus [IV]) and sent to him an embassy laden with gifts of expensive materials and fine workmanship.
		He wrote to the king that he wished to marry his daughter; that it was not fitting that he, emperor and son of an emperor, be the son-in-law of a lowly private citizen.
		Surely, the king said, there are many distinguished Romans, one of whose daughters he could marry, just as for him there were the Arsacids;[2] it was not fitting that either race be bastardized.
	www.livius.org /he-hg/herodian/hre410.html (439 words)

	The Sassanid Empire PersianEmpire.info History of the Persian Empire
		The last of the Parthian kings, Artabanus V, was defeated and killed in battle with the king of the Persian (Fars) kingdom, Ardashir I. Ardashir founded one of the greatest Persian empires, named after his grandfather.
		At first, we are told, Artabanus neglected to arouse himself, and took no steps towards crushing the rebellion, which was limited to an assertion of the independence of Persia Proper, or the province of Fars.
		After a brief pause, Artabanus made a final effort to reduce his revolted vassal; and a last engagement took place in the plain of Hormuz which is known as he Battle of Hormizdgan (224) where Ardashir.on a decisive victory over Artabanus who was killed.
	persianempire.info /sassanid.htm (3487 words)

	Parthians: From Parthia to Gothica The moving of King Davids Throne. By Cam Rea
		Artabanus IV made a good deal, but it was in money and not men.
		Then Artabanus IV in 224 A.D. turned what was left of his forces and their morale towards Ardashir, and his dreams of a centralized Persian Empire.
		Artabanus IV, and Ardashir I, clashed swords three times in which Ardashir won all three battles, and at Hormizdeghan which was the third battle between the two would result in the death of Artabanus IV.
	www.britam.org /PARTHIANS.html (2489 words)

	Macrinus - WCD (Wiki Classical Dictionary)
		Two Parthian princes, Vologases VI and Artabanus IV, had opposed each other in a civil war since 212 and the Romans had been watching this conflict with selfish considerations.
		The armies of king Artabanus and emperor Macrinus met near Nisibis, and the result is presented in our sources as a Roman defeat - but the sources are generally hostile, and perhaps the fight was less decisive than is assumed.
		After all, the new emperor still had to consolidate his power, and Artabanus had his own reasons to come to terms: after all, he was still involved in a civil war with his brother Vologases.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /wcd/Macrinus (1997 words)

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