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	Artabanus II of Parthia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		But Artabanus was not strong enough for a war with Rome; he therefore concluded a treaty with Vitellius in 37, in which he gave up all further pretensions.
		Artabanus took refuge with his vassal, the king Izates of Adiabene; and Izates by negotiations and the promise of a complete pardon induced the Parthians to restore Artabanus once more to the throne.
		Shortly afterwards Artabanus died, and was succeeded by his son, Vardanes, whose reign was still more turbulent than that of his father.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Artabanus_II_of_Parthia (589 words)

	Artabanus II of Parthia -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Artabanus II of Parthia ruled the (additional info and facts about Parthian Empire) Parthian Empire from about (additional info and facts about AD 10) AD 10 to (additional info and facts about 38) 38.
		But Artabanus was not strong enough for a war with Rome; he therefore concluded a treaty with Vitellius in (additional info and facts about 37) 37, in which he gave up all further pretensions.
		Shortly afterwards Artabanus died, and was succeeded by his son, (additional info and facts about Vardanes) Vardanes, whose reign was still more turbulent than that of his father.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/ar/artabanus_ii_of_parthia1.htm (619 words)

	Parthians, A History Of (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In 95 BC the Armenian Tigranes II, a hostage at the court of Mithradates, was placed on the throne of Armenia by his Parthian overlord, and the small kingdoms of northern Mesopotamia--Adiabene, Gordyene, and Osroene--gave allegiance to Mithradates.
		The reign of Vologases II (105/106-147?) and especially that of Vologases III (148-192), the latter not having to dispute the throne with a pretender, could by their length be a sign of a certain stability the country might have experienced.
		A battle took place between him and Artabanus V in 224; the Parthian was killed, and the throne of Iran passed into the hands of the Sasanids, a new national dynasty, originally from Fars, cradle of the Achaemenids.
	history-world.org /parthians.htm (3958 words)

	VONONES - LoveToKnow Article on VONONES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Another member of the Arsacid house, Artabanus II,, who was living among the Dahan nomads, was invited to the throne, and defeated and expelled Vonones.
		But Artabanus demanded his deposition, and as Augustus did not wish to begin a war with the Parthians he removed Vonones into Syria, where he was kept in custody (Tac.
		(2) VONONES II., governor of Media, was raised to the throne after the death of Gotarzes in A.D. 51 (perhaps he was his brother, cf.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /V/VO/VONONES.htm (261 words)

	ARTABANUS - Online Information article about ARTABANUS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Germanicus, whom he sent to the East, concluded a treaty with Artabanus, in which he was recognized as king and friend of the Romans.
		Artabanus II., like all Parthian princes, was much troubled by the opposition of the grandees.
		When Artabanus tried to subdue him his troops were defeated.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /ARN_AUD/ARTABANUS.html (1238 words)

	The time is indeed short to reverse our present Roosevelt-Truman-Acheson brand of politics, and get back as quickly and ...
		The Cainites, however, knew the Prince of the Shades was Artabanus II, because he and they were the living-dead Shades, and those belonging to the Sadducee cults of Cainite Euchite, Cainite Essene, Cainite Sabeast, and Cainite Gnostics kept the truth alive that they were the Shades as the Luciferin race of god-men.
		Thus, Satan in Luke 22:3 and the Devil in John 13:2 are one as Artabanus II, and Satan in John 13:27 is the opposing spirit in Judas Iscariot who was a Devil; Diabolos, John 6:70.
		Artabanus II was called from Pergamos, Greece to give advice because he was the god in Cain’s household in Jerusalem.
	www.israelect.com /reference/WillieMartin/ATHEDEVIL.htm (3896 words)

	Persia Genealogy
		Sep 272 - Sep 273, son of Shapur I. VAHARAN I (or BAHRAM I) Sept 273 - Sep 276, son of Shapur I. (or BAHRAM II) Sep 276-293, son of Vaharan I. (or BAHRAM III) late 293 deposed, son of Vaharan II.
		SHAPUR II 309-379, posthumous son of Hormizd II (succeeded at birth).
		YAZDEGERD II (or YZDKRT II) 438-457, son of Vaharan V. 457-459, son of Yazdegerd II.
	www.aoti76.dsl.pipex.com /iran_gen.htm (1076 words)

	Mithradates II -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Mithradates II king of Parthia (reigned 123–88 BC); he was the son and successor of Artabanus II.
		Mohammad II (Mehmed the Conqueror) (1432–81), Ottoman sultan, born in Adrianople (now Edirne); during rule (1444–46 and 1451–81), captured Constantinople and thus completed the Ottoman destruction of the Byzantine Empire; fourth son of Murad II; restored and repopulated Constantinople after capture in 1453; reorganized Ottoman administration, codified laws, encouraged scholarship...
		Bhaskara II was born in 1114 in Biddur, India.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9053037 (673 words)

	IRANIAN HISTORY: PARTHIANS: Dynasty of Arsacid Empire - (CAIS) ©
		After this Artabanus gave way, with the result that about 18/19, amicable relations were apparently re-established on the pattern of the treaties concluded in 20 B.C. and I B.C. The main loser was Vonones who was deported to Cicilia by the Romans and died there in A.D. 19 when attempting to escape.
		The Romans therefore arranged a meeting on the Euphrates between Vitellius and Artabanus in the spring of A.D. The precise outcome of these negotiations is not known, but in all likelihood "status quo" was re-established: the Parthians agreed not to intervene in Armenia, and the Romans recognized the existing frontiers as well as Parthian sovereignty.
		In the year 216 the emperor Caracalla asked Artabanus IV for the hand of his daughter in marriage, in itself a clear evidence of the fact that the latter was then monarch, even though the coinage of Vologases VI continued to appear in Seleucia until at least 221/2.
	www.cais-soas.com /CAIS/History/ashkanian/arsacid_dynasty.htm (7140 words)

	PARTHIA - LoveToKnow Article on PARTHIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Here, Arsaces and his brother Tiridates are derived from the royal house of the Achaemenids, probably from Artaxerxes II.; the young Tiridates is insulted by the prefect Agathocles or Pherecles; in revenge the brothers with five companions (corresponding to the seven Persians of Darius) slay him, and Arsaces becomes king.
		His son, Arsaces II., was attacked by Antiochus III., the Great, in 209, who conquered the Parthian and Hyrcanian towns but at last granted a peace.
		The principal works on the Arsacid coinage are (after the earlier publications of Longprier, Prokesch-Ostan, andc.): Percy Gardner, The Parthian Coinage (London, 1877), and especially W. Wroth, Catalogue of the Coins of Parthia in the British Museum (London, 1903), who carefully revised the statements of his predecessors.
	26.1911encyclopedia.org /P/PA/PARTHIA.htm (1129 words)

	Parthia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Their strength was a combination of the guerilla warfare of a mounted nomadic tribe with sufficient organisation to build a vast empire, even if it never matched the two Persian empires in strength.
		Vassal kingdoms seem to have made up a large part of their territory (see Tigranes II of Armenia), and Hellenistic cities enjoyed a certain autonomy.
		It was not until the second century BC that the Parthians profited from the increasing Seleucid weakness and gradually captured all of their territories east of Syria.
	hallencyclopedia.com /Parthia (1023 words)

	List of kings of Persia
		Cyrus II the Great, son of Cambyses I, ruled from c.
		Artaxerxes II, his son, ruled 404 - 358 BC (see also Xenophon).
		Mu'izz ad-Din Malik Shah II Ghiyath ad-Din Mehmed I Tapar (Muhammad) 1105-1118
	www.askfactmaster.com /List_of_kings_of_Persia (308 words)

	The Parthian period (
		Mithradates II recovered all Mesopotamia and conquered Characene, overstriking coins of Hyspaosines and driving him from his capital in 122 or 121 BC.
		In 95 BC the Armenian king Tigranes II, a hostage at the court of Mithradates, was placed on the throne of Armenia by his Parthian overlord, and the small kingdoms of northern Mesopotamia--Adiabene, Gordyene, and Osroene--gave allegiance to Mithradates.
		Conflict between two claimants to the Parthian throne, Vologeses IV or V and Artabanus V, gave the Roman emperor Caracalla an excuse to invade Adiabene, but in 217 he was assassinated on the road from Edessa to Carrhae(Harran), and the Romans made peace.
	www.angelfire.com /nt/Gilgamesh/parthian.html (2485 words)

	INVESTITURE DURING PARTHIAN DYNASTY - (CAIS) ©
		A tetradrachm of Artabanus II Despite the Hellenistic-inspired iconography, the deities and divine symbols on Parthian coins have to be understood within an Iranian context.
		This latter relief is sometimes dated to the reign of Mithradates I and is thought to commemorate his victory over the Elymaian revolt in 140 BCE (Schmitt 1998: 168), but it is more likely that it dates to the end of the first century BCE or even later.
		Plutarch (Crassus ii, 290) writes that the honor of placing the crown on the king's head belonged to the family of Surena.
	www.cais-soas.com /CAIS/History/ashkanian/investiture_parthian.htm (1759 words)

	Parthians (250 BC - 225 AD) - DBA II/37
		Artabanus II emerged as the new king, but lost Babylonia to the Characene before also falling in battle with the Sakas.
		In 92 BC, Mithridates II was able to conclude the first treaty between Parthia and Rome establishing the Euphrates as a mutual boundary.
		Left to their own devices during the turmoil of conflict with Rome and the death of Mithrades II in 92 BC, the Suren, a noble Parthian family, reconquered the eastern provinces from the Sakae, and subsequently conquered various Bactrian and Indian territories.
	www.fanaticus.org /DBA/armies/II37 (1510 words)

	Artabanus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Artabanus was the younger brother of king Darius I of Persia, and satrap of Bactria in the early 5th century BC.
		Artabanus the Hyrcanian was reportedly Regent of Persia for a few months in 465–464 BC.
		King Arsaces II of Parthia is called Artabanus by some early scholars.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/A/Artabanus.htm (155 words)

	Eastern (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Sargon II made Parsuash (Kirmansah) an Assyrian province in 719 and tribute was exacted from several tribes although there was resistance from the Mannai and Madai in particular.
		The Medes under Cyaxares II defeated Assyria in 612 to rule the whole of Mesopotamia from the Halys river in the north to Susa in the south, with the rival claimants, the Achaemenid Persians, Ariaramnes and Cyrus, as vassals.
		Darius easily reduced Egypt but did not take the Macedonian threat seriously, especially as Philip II was murdered in the year Darius became king to be succeeded by his son Alexander III, then only twenty and not considered a threat.
	www.gaminggeeks.org /Resources/KateMonk/Ancient-World/Eastern/Persia.htm (1014 words)

	Ancient coins of Parthia
		A.D. 224-228), under whom the rule of the Arsacids was subverted by Ardashir and the sceptre of Iran transferred to the dynasty of the Sassanidae (see under Persis, p.
		The principal type (found, throughout, on the drachms) consists of a Parthian warrior in mail-armour—probably the founder Arsaces—seated, at first on an omphalos, afterwards on a throne, and holding a bow, the pride of the Parthian soldier.
		On the later tetradrachms the usual type is a figure of the Tyche of a Greek city (probably Seleuceia) presenting a diadem (wreath?) or palm-branch to the reigning king.
	www.snible.org /coins/hn/parthia.html (719 words)

	History of Iran: Parthian Empire
		After the fall of the Achaemenid Empire, Parthia, northeastern Iran, was governed by the Seleucid kings: a Macedonian dynasty that ruled in the Asian territories of the former Persian Empire.
		The Parthian kings -Arsaces I, Arsaces II, Phriapathus, Phraates I- recognized the Seleucid king as their superiors, especially after the campaign of Antiochus III the Great, who reconquered the lost eastern territories between 209 and 204 BCE.
		His enemy Demetrius II tried to reconquer his lost territories, but was defeated and -even more humiliating- caught.
	www.iranchamber.com /history/parthians/parthians.php (1968 words)

	Middle East Open Encyclopedia: Persian Kings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		His son Hystaspes was Satrap of Parthia under Cambyses II, Smerdis and his son Darius.
		Cyrus II the Great, established the Persian Empire and ruled it from 550 - 529.
		Artaxerxes II Memnon, his son, ruled 404 - 358 (see also Xenophon).
	www.baghdadmuseum.org /ref/index.php?title=Persian_Kings (1330 words)

	Iranica.com - GOÚDARZ
		Most probably Artabanus was succeeded by his son Vardanes I, but another son, Go@darz, a half-brother, made a bid for the throne.
		Mary Boyce, "Gotarzes Geopothros, Artabanus III, and the Kingdom of Hyrcania," in Reinhard Dittmann et al., eds., Variatio Delectat: Iran und der Wester.
		Thus the oral traditions of Go@darz may have combined memories of both Gotarzes I and II, mingled of course with other epic themes, of which the intervention in these campaigns of Rostam, the celebrated hero of Sista@n, is one of the most prominent.
	www.iranica.com /articles/v11f1/v11f1023.html (6111 words)

	Media, Persia, Parthia, & Iran
		The peace that was then hastily made by the Emperor Jovian advanced the Persian frontier and gave the Sassanids the upper hand over Armenia, which by 428 had become a Persian province.
		The brilliant counter-invasion of Iran, from 623-628, by the Emperor Heraclius, however, undid all of this and resulted in the overthrown of Khusro and a period of anarchy.
		In World War II Iranian neutrality, and what may have been Rez.â's sympathy for Germany, led to the Russians and British occupying the country and deposing the Shâh.
	www.friesian.com /iran.htm (2645 words)

	Saka (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The other Asian Scythians were keeping the pressure on Parthia, whose king Artabanus II they killed in 124.
		These Scythians occupied Seistan or Sakastan (derivations from their name) and Kandahar, where they were finally subjected by Mithradates II ca100.
		The Greek descendants of the founders of Bactria were predominant in Gandhara, where they were flourishing under the greatest of their kings, Menander (ca150), known to Buddhists as Milinda.
	www.worldhistoryplus.com /PeoplesInHistory/saka.html (615 words)

	GOTARZES - LoveToKnow Article on GOTARZES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This inscription therefore probably dates from the reign of Artabanus II.
		95; the earlier readings of this inscription are wrong), which must be translated king of kings Arsakes, named son of Artabanos, Gotarzes, it appears that he was adopted by Artabanus.
		He soon made himself detested by his crueltyamong many other murders he even slew his brother Artabanus and his whole family (Tac.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /G/GO/GOTARZES.htm (369 words)

	G216 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Two of the dynasty's most powerful rulers were Mithradates II (reigned 123-88 BC) and Phraates III (reigned 70-58/57 BC).
		Mithradates II was the son and successor of Artabanus II.
		In the west he conquered Mesopotamia and defeated the Armenian king Artavasdes, whose son Tigranes (later Tigranes II) became a Parthian hostage and was redeemed only for the cession of 70 valleys.
	www.aoti76.dsl.pipex.com /coins/g1/g216.htm (226 words)

	The Story of Parthia - Questia Online Library
		Pressure of the Northern Nomads Upon Parthia -- Scythic Wars of Phraates Ii.
		End of the Reign of Artabanus Iii.--Gotarzes and His Rivals.
		Artabanus V. and Caracallus--The Last War with Rome--Defeat of Macrinus.
	www.questia.com /PM.qst?a=o&d=59803082 (204 words)

	Time table
		He burned the beautiful city of Perspolis, and now what is left of that city is nothing but the standing tall towers in which didn't burn nor broke for 2500 years.
		Artabanus (Ardawan) or Arsaces II, 211BC - 191BC
		The reason for all of these short-term kings was that Alexander didn't have a son.
	www.angelfire.com /az/Omid/iranhistory.html (1019 words)

	Mesopotamia from c
		Mithradates II recovered all Mesopotamia and conquered Characene, overstriking coins of Hyspaosines and driving him from his capital in 122 or 121
		the Armenian Tigranes II, a hostage at the court of Mithradates, was placed on the throne of Armenia by his Parthian overlord, and the small kingdoms of northern Mesopotamia
		Orobazes, an ambassador from Mithradates II, came to him seeking a treaty, but nothing was concluded, since instructions from Rome did not include negotiations with the Parthian power.
	faculty.mdc.edu /jmcnair/Joe17pages/mesopotamia_from_c.htm (3050 words)

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