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Topic: Arthur St Clair

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Arthur St. Clair - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Arthur St. Clair (March 23, 1734-1736?–August 31, 1818) was the ninth President of the Continental Congress under the Articles of Confederation, holding office from February 2, 1787 to October 29, 1787. In 1770 St. Clair became a justice of the court, of quarter sessions and of common pleas, a member of the proprietary council, a justice, recorder, and clerk of the orphans' court, and prothonotary of Bedford and Westmoreland counties. Clair issued an order for the arrest of the officer leading the Virginia troops. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Arthur_St._Clair

Fallen Timbers/Arthur St. Clair Biography An active opponent of the Constitution, St. Clair was appointed governor of the Northwest Territory in 1787. After the defeat, St. Clair continued to serve as governor of the Northwest Territory and to oppose the Constitution and Ohio statehood, until he was removed from office by Thomas Jefferson in 1802. In 1757, St. Clair became an ensign in the British army. www.heidelberg.edu /FallenTimbers/FTbio-StClair.html

EARLY AMERICA'S BLOODIEST BATTLE - The Early America Review, Summer 1996 In mid-March 1791, Arthur St. Clair, governor of the Northwest Territory, was summoned to the Philadelphia office of President George Washington. Arthur St. Clair headed north from what is now Cincinnati, Ohio to establish a fort at the head of the Maumee River. St. Clair was selected, Washington explained, because the president had "full confidence" in his military abilities based on St. Clair's Revolutionary War experience. earlyamerica.com /review/summer/battle.html

St. Clair County Fact Sheet Named for Arthur St. Clair, a soldier of the French and Indian wars, a Major General during the Revolution, Commander-in-Chief of the Army after the Revolution, and Governor of the Territory of the United States northwest of the Ohio River. Arthur St. Clair established three judicial districts with court sessions held in Cahokia, Kaskaskia and Prairie du Rocher. Clair County was the first county established in Illinois, at the time a part of the Northwest Territory. www.sos.state.il.us /departments/archives/irad/stclair.html

AllRefer.com - Arthur St. Clair (U.S. History, Biography) - Encyclopedia Clair's arbitrary rule as governor gained him many enemies, and in 1802 he was removed by Thomas Jefferson after condemning the act making Ohio a state. After serving as a delegate to Congress (1785–87), St. Clair was appointed (1787) the first governor of the Northwest Territory. As major general, St. Clair took command (1777) at Fort Ticonderoga, which he evacuated without a fight to superior British forces. reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/StClairA.html

History of Fort Recovery With this army Arthur St. Clair began his journey up through the Northwest Territory in the fall of 1791. Mad Anthony Wayne was appointed by Washington to succeed St. Clair as the Commander-in-Chief of the army. It was on November 3, 1791, that St. Clair’s American Army arrived on the banks of the Wabash River thinking that it was the St. Marys River. www.fortrecovery.org /history.htm

ARTHURStCLAIR Clair, Arthur (1736-1818) General: Born in Scotland, St. Clair purchased a commission in the Royal Americans at the age of 21 and served in Canada, retiring from the military in 1762. St. Clair later commanded troops of the Pennsylvania Line, presided over West Point, and served as an aide to General Washington. St. Clair's service in the Northern Department and at Trenton and Princeton earned him the rank of major general. www.multied.com /Bio/RevoltBIOS/StClairArthur.html

OhioLINK ETD: kopper, kevin Examining St. Clair’s governorship shows the process by which the region that became the state of Ohio in 1803 was transformed from a colony populated by natives to a state inhabited predominately by white agriculturalists who were connected to the world markets via the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. Clair’s ultimate downfall occurred when he opposed the movement to create the state of Ohio and instead sought to redefine the territory’s boundaries to prevent the eastern section from meeting the criteria necessary to call a constitutional convention. Throughout his life, St. Clair wanted to be the “father of a country.” But in the end, he was rejected by his “subjects” and as a result later historians overlooked his contributions to western expansion. rave.ohiolink.edu /etdc/view?acc_num=kent1113952769

Item Description Arthur St. Clair (1734-1818) was governor of the Northwest Territory and administrator of Indian affairs for the western territories from 1787 to 1802. The one-page letter measures 6" by 9" (16 by 23 cm) and is part of a larger collection of Arthur St. Clair letters that is owned by the State Library of Ohio and on permanent deposit at the Ohio Historical Society. This letter from Northwest Territory Governor Arthur St. Clair to Judges Parsons and Varnum dated July 23, 1788 asks an opinion of how much power the territorial governor should have over appointments of judges. worlddmc.ohiolink.edu /OMP/NewDetails?oid=1146999

Louisa St. Clair (1772-1840) In the winter of 1790, the Governor of the Northwest Territory, General Arthur St. Clair, removed his family from his plantation at "Potts' Grove," in Westmoreland County, Pa., to Marietta, O. One of his daughters, Louisa, was long remembered as one among the most distinguished among the ladies of that day. Notwithstanding her possession of these unfeminine attainments, Miss St. Claire's refined manners would have rendered her the ornament of any drawing room circle; she was beautiful in person, and had an intellect highly cultivated, having received a carefully finished education, under the best teachers in Philadelphia. St. Clair had four horses shot under him, and as many bullet-holes in his clothes, but escaped unhurt. sinclair.quarterman.org /who/louisa

Arthur St. Clair Biography / Biography of Arthur St. Clair Biography Biography Arthur St. Clair was born on March 23, 1736, in Thurso. Arthur St. Clair (1736-1818), Scottish-born American soldier and politician, was the first territorial governor in United States history. In 1775 St. Clair became a colonel in the American army, and a year later he became a brigadier general, serving with George Washington's forces in the American Revolution. www.bookrags.com /biography-arthur-st-clair

The Battle of Fallen Timbers To achieve peace, Washington turned to Major General Arthur St Clair, Governor of the Northwest Territory. St Clair set up his field base on the high ground of the Wabash, which is located about 50 miles from the future Fort Wayne, Indiana. St Clair put Brevet Brigadier General Josiah Harmar in the field with 1200 militia and 320 regular soldiers. ks.essortment.com /battlefallenti_rhcd.htm

Fort Ligonier: The Hermitage Items which belonged to the St. Clair family include the pastel portrait of St. Clair over the mantel, the mahogany tray with silver medallion, and the silhouettes of Arthur and Phoebe St. Clair. The parlor is the only room remaining from “The Hermitage”, Arthur St. Clair´s Ligonier Valley estate. St. Clair, formerly Major-General in the Continental Army, President of the Confederation Congress, and Governor of the Northwest Territory, had planned “The Hermitage” complex to provide financial support for himself and his family in retirement, but mounting debts forced the sale of the property in 1809. www.fortligonier.org /hermitag.htm

Lake St. Clair Facts and Figures Another theory is that the lake was named after the first governor of the Northwest Territory: General Arthur St. Clair. The smallest lake in the Great Lakes system, Lake St. Clair is not considered to be one of the "Great" lakes, however, it is part of the Lake Erie basin. Lake St. Clair is shallow, averaging 10 feet (3 meters) deep. www.great-lakes.net /lakes/ref/stclfact.html

SHAME Arthur St. Clair was neither a fool nor unqualified for the command thrust upon him. Major General Arthur St. Clair, ranking officer of the United States Army, had left Fort Washington as the head of that infant organization’s infantry and some 1,400 militia and volunteer levies, and with grim purpose in mind. Clair later admitted, almost admiringly, that "the weight of the fire, which was always a most deadly one," caused almost all of his casualties and cost him the battle. www.legionville.com /SHAME.htm

Arthur St. Clair Clair established Losantiville (Cincinnati) in 1788 and was commander of the army defeated by Little Turtle and the Miami Indians in 1791. St. Clair was one of Pennsylvania's delegates to the Confederation Congress (1785-87) and was the first governor of the North-West Territory (1787-1802). St. Clair settled in Pennsylvania and during the American Revolution served as a brigadier general in the Continental Army. www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /USAstclair.htm

ST. CLAIR, Arthur (1734-1818) Bibliography Letter from Arthur St. Clair, Governor of the North-western Territory, on the Subject of a Division of the Said Territory; and The Petition of George Tevebaugh and Others, Inhabitants of Knox County, in the North-western Territory: Read the 14th. The Speech of His Excellency Arthur St. Clair, Esquire, Upon the Proclamation of the Commission Appointing Him Governor of Said Territory. The Life and Public Services of Arthur St. Clair, Soldier of the Revolutionary War; President of Continental Congress; The Governor of the Northwestern Territory; with his correspondence and other papers. bioguide.congress.gov /scripts/bibdisplay.pl?index=S000763

1791/General Arthur St. Clair; shelby county ohio historical society When Major General Arthur St. Clair (pictured at right), the territorial governor, was sent to finally put an end to the Indian uprising, Little Turtle (Miami) and Blue Jacket (Shawnee) confronted St. Clair’s force of 1,200 men camped on the Wabash River in the area of current day Fort Recovery, Ohio. Colonel Darke led an almost futile charge into the enemy that cut a path through the Indian lines, allowing St. Clair, the balance of his men and a number of civilians to escape to nearby Fort Jefferson. ‘St. Clair’s Shame,’ as the battle became known, is the greatest loss ever inflicted on American soldiers. www.shelbycountyhistory.org /schs/indians/1791stclair.htm

USC History The Township of St. Clair was named in honor of General Arthur St. Clair, a controversial figure of the 18th century, who came from Scotland in 1755 and settled in the Ligonier Valley. The area known as "Upper St. Clair" can trace its origins in recorded history to the mid-eighteenth century when the first known settler, a Scotsman named John Fife, arrived from Virginia in 1762. Higbee School, a one room log cabin, was the first known school in the area and was located on the northeast border of present Upper St. Clair in the late 1700's. www.twpusc.org /info/history.html

Fort Recovery Arthur St. Clair and his army was made up of one third male citizens, one third militiamen, and the last one third was special levies, this army was to make the Ohio country safe for the white man. Arthur St. Clair and his men arrived at the Wabash banks on November 3, 1791. Early the next morning the Native Americans attacked St. Clair’s men. www.findlay.edu /academics/cola/hist/classprojects/hist390/jutte.html

NORTHWEST TERRITORY COLLECTION Marietta became the first legal American settlement on April 7, 1788, and a territorial government was established by Governor Arthur St. Clair on July 15 of the same year. The initial basic counties included Washington between the eastern boundary and the Scioto; Hamilton between the Scioto and the Miami; St. Clair along the Mississippi north of the Ohio; Knox between the Miami and St. Clair County; and Wayne to the north with Detroit as the county seat. Clair, Anthony Wayne, James Wilkinson, and other military leaders regarding the military situation in the West and the campaigns against the Indians. www.indianahistory.org /Library/manuscripts/collection_guides/M0367.html

Arthur St. Clair Born and educated in Edinburgh, Scotland during the tumultuous days of the final Jacobite Rising and the Tartan Suppression, St. Clair was the only president of the United States born and bred on foreign soil. Clair lived to see the hated English tyrants who destroyed his homeland defeated. Though most of his family and friends abandoned their devastated homeland in the years following the Battle of Culloden—after which nearly a third of the land was depopulated through emigration to America—he stayed behind to learn the ways of the hated Hanoverian English in the Royal Navy. www.geocities.com /presfacts/8/stclair.html

Earliest U.S. presidents are mostly forgotten But St. Clair was a president of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, from Feb. 2, 1787, to Jan. 21, 1788, and had quite the year. Clair was also at the helm on Sept. 17, 1787, when 12 state delegations voted to approve the U.S. Constitution. The richest landowner in Western Pennsylvania in the 1760s, St. Clair was all but broke by the time he died in 1818. www.post-gazette.com /columnists/20040216brianp5.asp

Documents from the Continental Congress and the Constitutional Convention, 1774-1789 - (American Memory from the Library of Congress) Born in Scotland, Arthur St. Clair unsuccessfully studied anatomy before deciding to enlist in the British army. Although St. Clair successfully supervised the implementation of Native American treaties in 1784 and 1785, the Indian people claimed that the treaties had been imposed on them by force and fraud. While serving as a delegate to Congress, St. Clair was made Administrator of Indian Affairs, responsible for enforcing the terms of treaties made with the Indian peoples of America's western territories. lcweb2.loc.gov /ammem/bdsds/stclair.html

St. Clair County Upon the organization of St. Clair county the political machinery was put in operation and the first evidence of legal proceedings was seen in the legal tribunals established at Kaskaskia, Prairie du Rocher and Cahokia. Cahokia is in the present county of St. Clair and this famous historic happening enriches the annals of the county greatly for Pontiac was probably the greatest of all the Indians of whom we have any historic information. In 1890 was celebrated the centennial of St. Clair county, Illinois, at Belleville, the county seat. riverweb.ncsa.uiuc.edu /Archives/transactions/1905/St._20Clair_20County.html

HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO Arthur St. Clair was chosen governor; James M. Varnum, Samuel Holden Parsons, and John Armstrong, judges; and Winthrop Sargent, secretary. In the "Life and Public Services of Arthur St. Clair," his accomplished biographer informs us that the governor, secretary and the judges were old Revolutionary soldiers, and most of them were members of the Society of the Cincinnati. Having taken up his residence in Philadelphia, St. Clair, in 1783, was elected a member of the Council of Censors, a body provided for in the Constitution of 1776, and charged with the duty of inquiring whether the Constitution had been preserved inviolate, and he became a very active member of the council. www.heritagepursuit.com /Hamilton/HamiltonChapI.htm

Volume 6 - Chapter 7: Arthur St. Clair Blackburn, in his history of Bedford County, wrote that Major General Arthur St. Clair was the most noted historic name in the County's history, yet, he only lived in Bedford for a little over two years. Clair was also known as a surveyor in 1770 and in May of this same year he was one of three men who were appointed Justices of the Peace in Cumberland County. In 1817 St. Clair was given a pension in the amount of $50.00 per month by the state of Pennsylvania and Congress gave him $60.00. www.everettarea.org /tales/v06/v06c07.htm

Arthur Walderne St. Clair Tisdall - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Arthur Walderne St. Clair Tisdall was a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. He was 24 years old, and a Sub-Lieutenant in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, (Anson Bn., Royal Naval Division) during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC. VCs of the First World War - The Naval VCs (Stephen Snelling, 2002) en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Arthur_Walderne_St._Clair_Tisdall

St. Clair Street; From the Editor Clair Street in Chicago runs 200 East, from 500 North to 720 North and is named for General Arthur St. Clair. Clair spent almost his entire fortune getting volunteers and aiding Washington. Clair (1736-1818) was born in Thurso, Caithness, Scotland. www.chicago-scots.org /clubs/History/Newsletters/1995/Oct95-4.htm

Arthur St. Clair Afterwards, St. Clair remained in the governor's office until President Thomas Jefferson removed him for his opposition to Ohio statehood in 1802. A few years later, Peale added St. Clair's portrait to the Philadelphia Museum, possibly in honor of his rescue of the Fort Ticonderoga garrison. The Miami chief, Little Turtle, decimated St. Clair's troops in a 1791 ambush near the Wabash River. www.cr.nps.gov /museum/exhibits/revwar/image_gal/indeimg/stclaire.html

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