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Topic: Articular processes

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Dorlands Medical Dictionary articula´ris supe´rior os´sis sa´cri [TA] superior articular process of sacrum: either of two processes projecting posteriorly and medially from the first sacral vertebra at the junctions between the body and the alae; they articulate with the inferior articular processes of the fifth lumbar vertebra. articula´ris supe´rior ver´tebrae [TA] superior articular process of vertebra: a process on either side of a vertebra, springing from the superior surface of the arch near the junction of the lamina and pedicle; it bears a surface that faces posteriorly and superiorly, articulating with the inferior articular process of the vertebra above. articula´ris infe´rior ver´tebrae [TA] inferior articular process of vertebra: a process on either side of a vertebra, springing from the inferior surface of the arch near the junction of the lamina and pedicle; it bears a surface that faces anteriorly and inferiorly, articulating with the superior articular process of the vertebra below. www.mercksource.com /pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_s_12zPzhtm   (3557 words)

Intra-articular therapy in osteoarthritis -- Uthman et al. 79 (934): 449 -- Postgraduate Medical Journal and reparative processes in the articular cartilage, subchondral Morphological analysis of articular cartilage biopsies from a randomized, clinical study comparing the effects of 500–730 kDa sodium hyaluronate (Hyalgan) and methylprednisolone acetate on primary osteoarthritis of the knee. pmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/79/934/449   (3636 words)

z_vertebral_column.htm Cervical vertebrae (7) ‑ typically have small bodies; transverse processes have openings called foramina transversaria for vertebral arteries and veins (small in C7); spinous processes are bifid (divided into two parts at their distal ends) for ligamentum nuchae (see below); articular processes are oriented at an angle (tilted superiorly and medially). Thoracic vertebrae (12) ‑ bodies increase in size in rostral‑caudal sequence; body is heart shaped; have costal facets on bodies and transverse processes for attachments of heads and tubercles of ribs; spinous processes are long and inclined posteriorly and inferiorly; articular processes are in a coronal plane. Lumbar vertebrae (5) ‑ large bodies, pedicles, laminae and transverse processes; articular facets are oriented in a sagittal plane. musom.marshall.edu /anatomy/grosshom/z_vertebral_column.htm   (873 words)

z_vertebral_column.htm Thoracic vertebrae (12) ‑ bodies increase in size in rostral‑caudal sequence; body is heart shaped; have costal facets on bodies and transverse processes for attachments of heads and tubercles of ribs; spinous processes are long and inclined posteriorly and inferiorly; articular processes are in a coronal plane. Lumbar vertebrae (5) ‑ large bodies, pedicles, laminae and transverse processes; articular facets are oriented in a sagittal plane. Orientations of articular processes determine the types of movements of spinal column that can occur (orientation differs at different spinal levels). musom.marshall.edu /anatomy/grosshom/z_vertebral_column.htm   (873 words)

CV2 Because we see that the articular surface of the articular processes is down and out, we know that these are caudal articular processes (G), and so this is a caudal view of the cervical vertebra. Some keys to identifying the cervical vertebrae are the two pronged transverse processes (B) and the foramen at the base of these processes (*). Cranial articular process, note that the articular surface is facing craniodorsally. www.vetmed.wsu.edu /VAn308/cv21.htm   (873 words)

LV2 We cannot see the articular surface of the cranial articular processes (F), but as before, the articular surface of the caudal articular processes (G) are down and out. The articular surface is on the dorsomedial surface of the cranial articular process (F). The dorsal spinous process and transverse processes are directed cranially. www.vetmed.wsu.edu /VAn308/lv2.htm   (873 words)

z_vertebral_column.htm Thoracic vertebrae (12) ‑ bodies increase in size in rostral‑caudal sequence; body is heart shaped; have costal facets on bodies and transverse processes for attachments of heads and tubercles of ribs; spinous processes are long and inclined posteriorly and inferiorly; articular processes are in a coronal plane. Lumbar vertebrae (5) ‑ large bodies, pedicles, laminae and transverse processes; articular facets are oriented in a sagittal plane. Sacral vertebrae (5) ‑ vertebrae are fused; lateral mass represents fused transverse processes; medial crest = fused spinous processes; anterior and posterior sacral foramina = intervertebral foramina for sacral spinal nerves; sacro‑iliac joint transmits weight from vertebrae to pelvis. musom.marshall.edu /anatomy/grosshom/z_vertebral_column.htm   (873 words)

ZOO 3734L - Week 1 Dissections Articular Processes and Facets Atlas (C1) Anterior Arch Tubercle Facet of Odontoid Process (Dens) Posterior Arch and Tubercle Transverse Process Sup. Articular Processes and Facets Transverse Process Lamina Spinous Process Sacrum Lumbosacral Articular Surface Auricular Surface (Sacroiliac facet) Promontory Ala (wing) Sacral Part of Pelvic Brim Anterior Sacral Foramina Transverse Ridges (4) Sup. Articular Processes and Facets Axis (C2) Odontoid Process (Dens) Sup. www.fiu.edu /~condon/3734-1.htm   (873 words)

ELEMENTARY PHYSIOLOGY OF THE JOINTS Because of the eliptical shapes and complimentary convex-concave surfaces between the occiput and atlas, the lateral movement of atlas’ articular facets on the occipital condyles of the skull necessitates the transverse processes of atlas to rock or slide upwards on the side of laterality accompanying the movement of the articulation. Whereas the convexity and orientation of the axis superior articular processes in conjunction with its inferior articular processes allows the axis to slide in a rotational plane, perhaps slightly dipping inferior on the side of body laterality. This would explain the action of the first branch levator working on the side of laterality (ipsilaterally) for the atlas subluxation; pulling the transverse process inferior and thus in the plane of correction laterally (accompanied by the obliquus capitis superior working synergistically on the opposite transverse process). www.advancedmusclepalpation.com /jtphys.htm   (873 words)

Bone Features centrum, neural arch, vertebral foramen, pedicle, spinous process, lamina, superior articular processes, transverse process, Draw small side view of a thoracic vertebrashowing the demifacets and the vertebral notches which form intervertebral foramina for spinal nerves. Unique thoracic features:demifacets for articulation with rib head, seen from side (except for 11th and 12th.), articular facets on transverse processes (for rib tubercle) and long delicate spinous processes atlas: no centrum, articular surface for odontoid process, no spinous process biology.clc.uc.edu /fankhauser/Labs/Anatomy_&_Physiology/A&P201/Skeletal/Bone_Features_old.htm   (459 words)

Bone Features centrum, neural arch, vertebral foramen, pedicle, spinous process, lamina, superior articular processes, transverse process, Draw small side view of a thoracic vertebrashowing the demifacets and the vertebral notches which form intervertebral foramina for spinal nerves. Unique thoracic features:demifacets for articulation with rib head, seen from side (except for 11th and 12th.), articular facets on transverse processes (for rib tubercle) and long delicate spinous processes atlas: no centrum, articular surface for odontoid process, no spinous process biology.clc.uc.edu /fankhauser/Labs/Anatomy_&_Physiology/A&P201/Skeletal/Bone_Features_old.htm   (459 words)

cervical.html Semispinalis capitis arises on the transverse processes of C7 to T6 and the articular processes of C4 to C6 (sometimes C7 and T1) and attaches either side of the mid-sagittal line between the superior and inferior nuchal lines on the occiput. Splenius capitis arises on the ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7 to T3 and attaches under the lateral part of the superior nuchal line of the occiput and on the mastoid process of the temporal bone. Longissimus cervicis arises on the transverse processes of T1 to T5 medial to longissimus thoracis and to the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C2 to C6. www.informaction.org /myofaction/cervical.html   (459 words)

Web QnA The 12 thoracic vertabrae are different from the lumbar and cervical vertabrae in that their articular facets are located at the ends of their transverse processes and on the vertebral bodies. BY CONTRAST, the 12 THORACIC [thoraco: chest] vertebrae (T1--T12) are distinctive because of the ARTICULAR FACETS on the transverse processes and vertebral bodies. The axial skelton consists of the spine, which is called the axis of the body, and also the axial skelton includes thosew bones associated with the spinal column, its extensions and its processes, or in other words, the vertebrae, skull, hyoid bone, and rib cage. curriculum.calstatela.edu /WebQnA/webqna.pl?module=tbell2-2&action=printall   (459 words)

II. Osteology. 3a. 1. The Cervical Vertebræ. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. The superior and inferior articular processes on either side are fused to form an articular pillar, which projects lateralward from the junction of the pedicle and lamina. The transverse processes are of considerable size, their posterior roots are large and prominent, while the anterior are small and faintly marked; the upper surface of each has usually a shallow sulcus for the eighth spinal nerve, and its extremity seldom presents more than a trace of bifurcation. The transverse processes are each pierced by the foramen transversarium, which, in the upper six vertebræ, gives passage to the vertebral artery and vein and a plexus of sympathetic nerves. www.bartleby.com /107/21.html   (459 words)

Disc Anatomy Actually, the gap between the inferior and superior articular processes is the true facet joint (white region). Collectively the inferior and superior articular processes and the facet joint are called the Zygapophyseal Joints or articular pillars. Facet Joints (#5) (aka: zygapophyseal joints) of the spine are where the vertebrae articulate (join) with each other. www.chirogeek.com /000_Disc_Anatomy.htm   (4566 words)

Anatomy Tables - Deep Back & Spinal Cord a vertebra has two parts: the vertebral body and the vertebral arch; there are 33 vertebrae total: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 fused to form the sacrum, 4 coccygeal; features of a typical vertebra include: body, pedicles, transverse processes, laminae, articular processes, spinous process cervical vertebrae have the features of the typical vertebra plus all have transverse foramina (for passage of the vertebral artery); C2-C6 have bifid spinous processes; cervical vertebrae have relatively small bodies; several cervical vertebra are named: atlas, axis, vertebra prominens This does not often occur in the cervical spine as the transverse processes of vertebrae here have chutes or grooves in which the spinal nerves lie. www.med.umich.edu /lrc/coursepages/M1/anatomy/html/back/spinalcord_tables.html   (2907 words)

II. Osteology. 3a. 2. The Thoracic Vertebræ. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. The transverse processes arise from the arch behind the superior articular processes and pedicles; they are thick, strong, and of considerable length, directed obliquely backward and lateralward, and each ends in a clubbed extremity, on the front of which is a small, concave surface, for articulation with the tubercle of a rib. The First Thoracic Vertebra has, on either side of the body, an entire articular facet for the head of the first rib, and a demi-facet for the upper half of the head of the second rib. The bodies in the middle of the thoracic region are heart-shaped, and as broad in the antero-posterior as in the transverse direction. www.bartleby.com /107/22.html   (693 words)

Biology 121 study concepts for Chapter 1 material Know the following bones and processes, be able to identify them on a bone illustration: vertebral foramen, superior articular process, inferior articular process, intervertebral Vertebrae -- Know the following processes found on the vertebrae: body, spinous process, www.yhc.edu /external/bio/anatob7.html   (282 words)

labobj1.231 TYPICAL VERTEBRA, Body, Vertebral arch, Vertebral foramen, Transverse processes, Spinous process, Superior and inferior articular processes, Intervertebral foramina, intervertebral discs, CERVICAL VERTEBRAE (7), atlas, axis, odontoid process (dens), THORACIC VERTEBRAE (12), LUMBAR VERTEBRAE (5), SACRUM (5 fused sacral vertebrae), COCCYX (3-5 fused). ramus), Mandibular condyle, Coronoid process, Angle, Mental foramina, Mandibular foramen, Alveolar margin, Mandibular symphysis, MAXILLA (2), Alveolar margin, Palatine processes, Infraorbital foramen, PALATINE (2), ZYGOMATIC (2), LACRIMAL (2), Lacrimal fossa, NASAL (2), VOMER (1), INFERIOR NASAL CONCHAE (2). Foramen rotundum, Foramen ovale, Foramen lacerum, ETHMOID (1), Crista galli, Cribriform plates with olfactory foramina, Perpendicular plate, Superior and medial nasal conchae (turbinates). clem.mscd.edu /~haysc/public_html/bio231/labobj1.231.htm   (983 words)

Assessment of Unilateral Facet Dislocation The antero-posterior film is also very useful in unilateral facet dislocation diagnosis because the spinous processes of the vertebrae above the dislocation will be displaced towards the side of the dislocated facet relatively to the vertebrae below. A unilateral facet dislocation may be diagnosed if one articular pillar is more anterior than the other (figure below). The anterior aspect of a vertebra's articular pillars are usually seen on a lateral view radiograph as a single dense line since they are superposed. sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca /spinetrauma/tutorials/method/method5.htm   (213 words)

II. Osteology. 3a. 4. The Sacral and Coccygeal Vertebræ. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. The articular processes of the first sacral vertebra are large and oval in shape; their facets are concave from side to side, look backward and medialward, and articulate with the facets on the inferior processes of the fifth lumbar vertebra. Before puberty, no other changes occur, excepting a gradual increase of these primary centers, the upper and under surfaces of the bodies and the ends of the transverse and spinous processes being cartilaginous. They are attached to the body of the first sacral vertebra and to the alæ by short thick pedicles; on the upper surface of each pedicle is a vertebral notch, which forms the lower part of the foramen between the last lumbar and first sacral vertebræ. www.bartleby.com /107/24.html   (3023 words)

Probert Encyclopaedia: Medicine (Sa-Sch) Four pairs of sacral foramina pierce the sacrum, flanking the medial line, where the intermediate sacral crests are formed by the fused articular processes of the component vertebrae. To the outside of the intermediate sacral crests are the lateral crests, formed by the fused transverse processes of the component vertebrae. The sacrum features a median crest which is made of the fused spinous processes of its component vertebrae. www.probertencyclopaedia.com /EJ.HTM   (3023 words)

ossicle.htm The articular facet (af) of the incus forms a joint with the head of the malleus while the lenticular process articulates with the head of the stapes. Embryonic origin - Body and short process from mandibular arch; long and lenticular processes from the hyoid arch. The articular facet (af) on the head of the malleus forms a joint with the body of the incus. oto.wustl.edu /bbears/ossicle.htm   (395 words)

CHAPTER 42: THE SKULL AND HYOID BONE The basilar part and foramen magnum represent the body and vertebral foramen, respectively; the squamous part, with its external occipital protuberance and crest, perhaps represents the laminae and spinous process; and the condyles and jugular processes are in series with the articular and transverse processes, respectively. 42-19 The" sphenoidal ridge" is the posterior border of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone. The groove between the petrous part of the temporal bone and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone is occupied in vivo by the cartilaginous part of the auditory tube. www.dartmouth.edu /~humananatomy/part_8/chapter_42.html   (6728 words)

Articulations of the Vertebral Column with the Cranium - Wikimd The Lateral Ligaments—The lateral ligaments are thickened portions of the articular capsules, reinforced by bundles of fibrous tissue, and are directed obliquely upward and medialward; they are attached above to the jugular processes of the occipital bone, and below, to the bases of the transverse processes of the atlas. [[Articulation of the Atlas with the Occipital Bone (articulatio atlantoöccipitalis)]]—The articulation between the atlas and the occipital bone consists of a pair of condyloid joints. It is fixed, below, to the posterior surface of the body of the axis, and, expanding as it ascends, is attached to the basilar groove of the occipital bone, in front of the foramen magnum, where it blends with the cranial dura mater. www.wikimd.org /index.php?title=Articulations_of_the_Vertebral_Column_with_the_Cranium&printable=yes   (783 words)

II. Osteology. 3a. 4. The Sacral and Coccygeal Vertebræ. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. The articular processes of the first sacral vertebra are large and oval in shape; their facets are concave from side to side, look backward and medialward, and articulate with the facets on the inferior processes of the fifth lumbar vertebra. The laminæ of the fifth sacral vertebra, and sometimes those of the fourth, fail to meet behind, and thus a hiatus or deficiency occurs in the posterior wall of the sacral canal. They are attached to the body of the first sacral vertebra and to the alæ by short thick pedicles; on the upper surface of each pedicle is a vertebral notch, which forms the lower part of the foramen between the last lumbar and first sacral vertebr&;. www.bartleby.com /107/24.html   (3023 words)

Vertebral Column, Spinal Cord and Spinal Meninges a vertebra has two parts: the vertebral body and the vertebral arch; there are 33 vertebrae total: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 fused to form the sacrum, 4 coccygeal; features of a typical vertebra include: body, pedicles, transverse processes, laminae, articular processes, spinous process atlas has no vertebral body, only anterior and posterior arches; it articulates with the occipital bone and the odontoid process of the axis paired; it connects the body with the transverse process; it is marked by superior & inferior vertebral notches; anatomy.uams.edu /anatomyhtml/spinalcord.html   (1971 words)

II. Osteology. 3a. 2. The Thoracic Vertebræ. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. The First Thoracic Vertebra has, on either side of the body, an entire articular facet for the head of the first rib, and a demi-facet for the upper half of the head of the second rib. The Tenth Thoracic Vertebra has (except in the cases just mentioned) an entire articular facet on either side, which is placed partly on the lateral surface of the pedicle. The transverse processes are long, and the upper vertebral notches are deeper than those of the other thoracic vertebr&;. www.bartleby.com /107/22.html   (693 words)

Virtual Hospital: Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus V: Skeletal System: ThoracicVertebrae In addition, the transition from the thoracic to the lumbar type of articular process may occur in the eleventh thoracic instead of in the twelfth thoracic vertebra. The transverse processes of the tenth through twelfth transverse processes are distinctly variable and may present evidence of subdivision into three parts. The twelfth thoracic vertebra, in the absence of the twelfth pair of ribs, commonly conforms to the lumbar type. www.vh.org /adult/provider/anatomy/AnatomicVariants/SkeletalSystem/Text/ThoracicVertebrae.html   (757 words)

back.html Its superior articular facets articulate with the occipital condyles of the skull and are oriented in a roughly parasagittal plane. It attaches to lumbar and inferior thoracic transverse processes (longissimus dorsi) and in the thoracic region to the adjacent ribs (longissimus thoracis). Lumbar vertebrae are characterized by massive bodies and robust spinous and transverse processes. www.emory.edu /ANATOMY/AnatomyManual/back.html   (2141 words)

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