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	Arturo Toscanini - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Arturo Toscanini (March 25, 1867, Parma, Emilia-Romagna – January 16, 1957, New York City) was an Italian musician.
		Toscanini was born in Parma, Italy and won a scholarship to the local music conservatory, where he studied cello.
		Toscanini was especially famous for his magnificent performances of Beethoven, Brahms, Wagner, Strauss, Debussy and his compatriots Rossini, Verdi, Boito and Puccini.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Arturo_Toscanini (1208 words)

	NPR's SymphonyCast: Profile of Conductor Arturo Toscanini (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Toscanini was born in Parma, Italy, in 1867, and by the end of his life in 1957, the list of his musical accomplishments stood unmatched by any of his contemporaries -- some would argue that no conductor since has come close.
		Toscanini's years with the Philharmonic were both an artistic triumph and a public relations bonanza for the conductor -- his name was known to nearly every New Yorker.
		Toscanini retired in 1954 and died in Riverdale, New York, in 1957.
	www.npr.org /programs/symphonycast/bios/toscanini.html (302 words)

	Toscanini, The Recorded Legend, Classical Notes, Peter Gutmann
		Toscanini was born in 1867 in Parma, Italy.
		Toscanini later would boast of the importance of a true conductor having the score in his head rather than his head in the score.
		Toscanini undoubtedly was impressed both by the young man's musical intensity and by his strong opposition to fascism, for which he had spent much of World War II interned in concentration camps.
	www.classicalnotes.net /features/toscaweb.html (8372 words)

	The Music Library - The James B. Meriwether Arturo Toscanini Collection
		He entered the Parma Conservatory at the age of 9, studying the cello with Carini and composition with Cacci; graduated in 1885 as winner of the 1st prize for cello; received the Barbacini Prize as the outstanding graduate of his class.
		Toscanini became music director of the NBC Symphony Orchestra in 1937, a radio orchestra that had been organized especially for him.; he conducted his first broadcast on Dec. 25, 1937, in N.Y. He took it on a tour of South America in 1940, and on a major tour of the U.S. in 1950.
		Toscanini was one of the most celebrated masters of the baton in the history of conducting; undemonstrative in his handling of the orchestra, he possessed an amazing energy and power of command.
	www.sc.edu /library/music/at_bio.html (570 words)

	Toscanini, Arturo. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Toscanini returned to Italy the next season (1886–87), and there subsequently conducted the premieres of Leoncavallo’s Pagliacci (1892) and Puccini’s La Bohème (1896) and the Italian premiere of Wagner’s Götterdämmerung (1895).
		In 1898, Toscanini was appointed chief conductor and artistic director at La Scala, Milan, where he presented many new operas and the Italian premieres of many others, including Wagner’s Die Meistersinger (1898) and Siegfried (1899).
		Toscanini returned to Italy during World War I. With the reorganized La Scala Orchestra he toured (1920–21) Europe and the United States and was artistic director of La Scala from 1921 to 1929.
	www.bartleby.com /65/to/Toscanin.html (450 words)

	Toscanini Discography Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		For his entire recording career Toscanini recorded exclusively for RCA Victor in the United States and HMV in Great Britain with a sole defection to Brunswick in 1926 for one session.
		Recordings of complete operas from Toscanini's operatic repertoire are the seven concert performances from the NBC Symphony years and three of the four operas he conducted during the 1937 Salzburg Festival.
		The un-official releases of Toscanini's American performances are myriad, the famous 1939 Beethoven cycle being a case in point, and one of the reasons for this discography.
	home.earthlink.net /~jw3/Home.htm (440 words)

	Harvey Sachs: The Letters of Arturo Toscanini
		Toscanini, on the contrary, was a man of acion.
		Yet oddly, the patriarchal and censorious Toscanini seems to have been clueless with respect to his own family's peculiarities, particularly his granddaughter Sonia's lesbianism, and his daughter Wanda's loveless marriage to the infantile, unstable, homosexual Vladimir Horowitz.
		Toscanini's emotional intensity was High Romantic; his erotic passions and fetishism were Edwardian; his political idealism that of a medieval martyr; his musical vision, expressed in action not theory, was in the noble line of Beethoven, Berlioz, and Wagner.
	www.scena.org /columns/anson/020701-PA-toscanini.html (622 words)

	Print Article: The Letters Of Arturo Toscanini
		Toscanini became the first non-German to conduct at Bayreuth in the theatre Wagner built to house performances of his music-dramas.
		Three times Toscanini triumphed in New York, first at the Met from 1908 to 1915, then with the Philharmonic in the 1930s, finally as founder (in 1937) and principal conductor of the NBC Symphony Orchestra in the 1940s and '50s.
		We knew Toscanini was an idealist, a perfectionist, a martinet; these letters merely supply further evidence, as we read, for example, that he is hoarse from screaming at his orchestra all morning.
	www.smh.com.au /cgi-bin/common/popupPrintArticle.pl?path=/articles/2002/09/13/1031608325073.html (1078 words)

	ARTURO TOSCANINI: El Maestro Legendario
		It´s true that Toscanini´s gestures and reactions could be wild enough and full of explosivity and fury in the rehearsals, but they were utterly controlled during the live concerts, while traditionally, a lot of directors relax to a certain degree during the rehearsals and display choreographic ´mise-en-scènes´ in the live performances.
		The sweat flowing in a gush, floods completely his eyebrows and eyes, but with great professionalism and an all-out endeavour, in the middle of maximum stress and risk, for he is live in front of the audience, he completely shuts his eyes and goes on conducting by instinct!.
		The audience have become aware of this agonic effort by the 85 year old Maestro and brust into applause while Arturo Toscanini, myth of myths, exhausted, wipes his face dry with a handkerchief, pants and is almost unable to breathe, though he rapidly goes to greet his musicians.
	www.reportajes-jmserrano.com /e1ij.m.serrano.htm (1181 words)

	Toscanini, Arturo on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		TOSCANINI, ARTURO [Toscanini, Arturo], 1867-1957, Italian conductor, internationally recognized as one of the world's great conductors.
		Toscanini returned to Italy the next season (1886-87), and there subsequently conducted the premieres of Leoncavallo's Pagliacci (1892) and Puccini's La Bohème (1896) and the Italian premiere of Wagner's Götterdämmerung (1895).
		Toscanini returned to Italy during World War I. With the reorganized La Scala Orchestra he toured (1920-21) Europe and the United States and was artistic director of La Scala from 1921 to 1929.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/T/Toscanin.asp (722 words)

	Arturo Toscanini - Free Music Downloads, Videos, CDs, MP3s, Bio, Merchandise and Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Toscanini began his conducting career in major Italian opera houses in Rome, Milan and Turin, touring with different opera companies from 1887 to 1896.
		After conducting in Buenos Aires, Toscanini came to the United States in 1908 to be the conductor of the Metropolitan Opera in New York.
		Toscanini returned to his native Italy in 1915 and held the position as music director of La Scala until 1929.
	www.artistdirect.com /nad/music/artist/bio/0,,561703,00.html (539 words)

	Arturo Toscanini (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Arturo Toscanini, the son of a tailor, was born in Parma, Italy, on 16th January, 1867.
		Toscanini continued to conduct and in 1891 he opened the season at the Carlo Felice and by 1898 was musical director of La Scala in Milan.
		Arturo Toscanini died in New York on 16th January, 1957.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /USAtoscanini.htm (231 words)

	Review: Arturo Toscanini Conducts Sibelius
		This is not the case with this wonderful omnibus of Sibelius recordings by legendary Italian maestro, Arturo Toscanini and the orchestra which was assembled just so that he could conduct it, the NBC Symphony.
		Toscanini was never one to treat tone poems as mere "light classics," which is fortunate, given the dark and ethereal beauty of these two pieces.
		Through Toscanini's baton, the NBC brings to these pieces the sense of loneliness, delicacy, exaltation and sadness that the composer intended in these retellings of Finnish runic legends.
	home.flash.net /~park29/toscanini.htm (1187 words)

	Books illuminate life of Toscanini - PittsburghLIVE.com
		Arturo Toscanini was the most famous conductor of the 20th century, but also the most misunderstood.
		Toscanini was a conductor of immense musical gifts that expressed a personality driven by intense and contradictory impulses.
		Mortimer Frank’s "Arturo Toscanini: The NBC Years" (Timber Press, $29.95) is a long-overdue chronicle of the conductor’s final years of work.
	www.pittsburghlive.com /x/tribune-review/entertainment/music/s_70524.html (1003 words)

	The Music Library - The James B. Meriwether Arturo Toscanini Collection
		Arturo Toscanini, The Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra and Chorus.
		Arturo Toscanini Conducts Martucci, Piano Concerto in B-flat Minor [17 Jan., '53]; Mignone, Symphonic Impressions of Four Brazilian Churches [2 Apr., '44].
		Arturo Toscanini Conducts Tchaikovsky, Romeo and Juliet [21 Mar., '53]; Mussorgsky, Prelude to Khovantschina [13 Dec., '53]; Tchaikovsky, The Tempest [12 Mar., '44]; Kiadov, Kikimora [26 July, '52].
	www.sc.edu /library/music/at_cl.html (1799 words)

	Toscanini Lives by Terry Teachout - על המנצח ארתורו טוסקניני
		To his most doctrinaire admirers, Toscanini was a genius who could do no wrong; to his most extreme detractors, he was a kind of idiot savant, capable of forcing orchestras to play with matchless virtuosity but unable to grasp the inner meaning of the 19th-century Austro-German classics.
		Toscanini, by contrast, was a full-time conductor who worked regularly with a limited number of orchestras, teaching them how to play the new music of the late 19th century and painstakingly sculpting them into true virtuoso ensembles capable of performing with unprecedented brilliance.
		Toscanini’s letters show, to the contrary, that while he may not have been “intellectual” in the narrowly German sense, he was nonetheless an artist of high intelligence and considerable cultural awareness.
	www.klassi.net /new_reviews/opus30 (3407 words)

	Arturo Toscanini
		Toscanini was capable of performing Wagner operas from memory, so I doubt there were serious limits on what he could remember.
		Toscanini's interests were fairly broad, but Beethoven was one of the central composers to Toscanini's art.
		This is when Toscanini was closer to conducting opera live, and there is still a wide touch of the dramatic here, with a white-hot Funeral March in the Eroica and thrilling outer movements.
	members.macconnect.com /users/j/jimbob/classical/toscanini.html (815 words)

	Commentary: Toscanini lives. (Music).(Arturo Toscanini)@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		ARTURO TOSCANINI was the most admired of 20th-century conductors--and, in certain circles, the most reviled.
		Throughout the first half of his seven-decade-long career, Toscanini was spoken and written of in near-worshipful tones, not merely by critics and the public but also by most of his fellow musicians.
		In 1938, Bernard Shore, principal violist of the BBC Symphony, called him "the one living conductor whom every single member of the orchestra approves." Even other conductors--hardly a collegial breed--seemed to view him less as a peer than as a phenomenon.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:89233657&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (192 words)

	Classical Net Review - Toscanini - The Immortal (Vols. VII - IX)
		When lightness, grace, or humor were needed, Toscanini could not be counted upon to supply these qualities; he did much better with power, structural integrity, and attention to detail.
		Nevertheless, many of his recordings, while not "definitive" in the strictest sense, continue to be held up as a standard, and his legacy is in no danger of being degraded by a little objective criticism.
		Toscanini's sense of theater allows them to remain gripping, even at slowish tempos, and the NBC Symphony Orchestra plays them with superhuman concentration.
	www.classical.net /music/recs/reviews/r/rca66924a.html (816 words)

	The Letters of Arturo Toscanini:SACHS, HARVEY:0375404058:eCampus.com
		Toscanini (1867-1957) was one of the most celebrated and influential conductors in musical history.
		With his photographic memory and amazing ear, his sense of moral imperative, terrible temper, and iron will, he raised the standards of orchestras and opera ensembles to previously undreamed-of heights.
		There is fascinating correspondence with his wife and children, but he writes about his tempestuous affairs and erotic adventures with equal fascination.
	www.ecampus.com /bk_detail.asp?isbn=0375404058&referrer=yah04 (160 words)

	Classical - Arturo Toscanini Collection, Volume 48 Wagner: Preludes - Richard Wagner free mp3 full albums download (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Toscanini himself said that Wagner was his favorite composer, which was surprising if only because Toscanini was Italian and he had personally known Guiseppe Verdi.
		However, Toscanini made it clear that Wagner was a great composer and it is clear that he was a very innovative and creative composer, too, even if his personal life was often a mess and his written views on racial issues were clearly wrong.
		Toscanini's very last broadcast concert on NBC, April 4, 1954, was devoted to Wagner's music and, although he faltered during the uncut overture to "Tannhauser," he was still very devoted to the music.
	www.playtunes.net /album/90937.html (447 words)

	Wanda Toscanini - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Wanda Giorgina Toscanini (December 7, 1907 – August 21, 1998) was the daughter of the famous Italian conductor Arturo Toscanini and the wife of Russian pianist Vladimir Horowitz, whom she married in 1933.
		Following Horowitz's death in 1989, Wanda bought the home "Pinci's Acres" (Pinci was Wanda's nickname for Horowitz) in Ashfield, Massachusetts, and stocked it with American antiques and Horowitz memorabilia.
		Like her husband, Wanda was buried in the Toscanini family tomb in Milan.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wanda_Toscanini (137 words)

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