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Topic: Asch effect

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	Honors 100
		Forty undergraduate students (non-psychology), with a median age of 21, and a male/female ratio of 1:3, were recruited as unpaid volunteers for a study of perceptual acuity.
		Asch S. Effects of group pressure upon the modification and distortion of judgements. In Guetzkow (Ed.).
		Asch S. Studies of independence and conformity: a minority of one against a unanimous majority. Psychological Monographs.
	www.ferrum.edu /lwhited/honors100/ASCHFAIL.HTM (507 words)

	Asch: Famous Soloman Asch Conformity Experiment
		This is a summary of the famous Asch experiment where subjects were placed with a group of confederates who gave different measurements of a line than was reality.
		Asch measured whether the subject would modify their interpretation based on the majority opinion.
		The "majority effect" was measured as the % of responses that erroneously conformed to the majority.
	faculty.babson.edu /krollag/org_site/soc_psych/asch_conform.html (0 words)

	The Asch effect
		In Asch's classic experiment an observer had to say which of three lines was equal in line to a standard.
		They conclude that the Asch effect appears to be an unpredictable phenomenon rather than a stable tendency of human behavior.
		Thus, Asch's classic conformity and independence experiment was replicated, using women psychology students in a Portuguese university as minority of one, unanimous majority group, and control participants.
	www.people.ex.ac.uk /PWebley/psy1002/asch.html (0 words)

	Maurice Badler Fine Jewelry offers a large selection of designer jewelry, including Hidalgo, Roberto Coin, Barry ...
		If the merchandise is not under warranty and can be repaired, we will effect repairs on the item(s) only after first receiving approval from the owner (written or oral) for the cost of such repairs.
		This written warranty is in lieu of and excludes all other expressed or implied warranties, obligations or liabilities and constitutes the only warranty made by Maurice Badler Fine Jewelry Ltd. The merchandise is sold “AS IS.” There is no warranty of fitness for a particular purpose or warranty of merchantability.
		There shall be no liability for direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages.
	www.badler.com /warranty.htm (0 words)

	Solomon A. Asch : Opinions and Social Pressure (1955)
		In the 1950s the social psychologist Solomon Asch conducted a famous experiment that highlighted the fragility of the person in a mass society when he is confronted with the contrary opinion of a majority, and the tendency to conform even if this means to go against the person's basic perceptions.
		When a moderate dissenter is present, the effect of the majority on the subject decreases by approximately one third, and extremes of yielding disappear.
		We now turned to studying the effects upon a given individual of a change in the situation to which he was exposed.
	www.panarchy.org /asch/social.pressure.1955.html (2864 words)

	I
		We planned to determine whether effects persisted into later months if statistically significant results were found in the November using the bivariate model.
		Directors observed deterrent effects of the passage of Proposition 187 on individual patients for weeks to months following the election, and analysis of total visit data suggests that the passage of Proposition 187 may have been associated with a relative decrease in the use of maternal and child health services.
		Directors of clinics serving a higher proportion of Latino patients were more likely to have perceived an effect of the proposition on the use of clinic services, and the proportion of Latino clinic patients predicted a decrease in visits in the election months relative to the prior month.
	www.usc.edu /dept/LAS/SC2/workingpapers/asch2.html (3969 words)

	Primacy Effects on Impression Formation
		Primacy effects on personality impression formation should dictate that the first words on a list of words would have a stronger effect than subsequent words when forming personality impressions.
		Asch’s experiments on formations of personality impression suggested that when adjectives describing a person are presented in sequence, the first adjectives have more impact than the later ones.
		Similar results obtained by Asch and others were expected on the study, that is, the first words presented would have more impact then subsequent adjectives on rating likeableness of that person.
	psych.fullerton.edu /mbirnbaum/psych466/ykl/report.htm (1010 words)

	Gerard Keegan's Psychology Site: Seminal Studies In Social Psychology
		Asch was assisted in his work into conformity by a young Stanley Milgram, who himself was later to achieve worldwide fame with his studies into obedience to authority.
		Asch said that conformity should be measured in terms of our tendency to give the wrong answer on a task where the solution is obvious or unambiguous.
		They conclude that the Asch effect appears to be an unpredictable phenomenon rather than a stable tendency of human behaviour.
	www.gerardkeegan.co.uk /resource/seminalstudies.htm (3819 words)

	APS 15th Annual Convention Program Book :: Submission Detail
		Asch's (1951) studies of majority influence hardly seem a hot topic, but it is believed that neither Asch nor others have captured the studies' moral and social complexities.
		We think Asch was right to frame the situation as a moral dilemma, but wrong to see it as a simple choice between good and evil.
		By their behavior of dissenting 9 times and agreeing 3 times, the average (and rarely described) participants in Asch's studies may have been signaling crudely, but as best they could, the tension and truth of their situation, with the hope that it would leave them and their peers open to further dialogue.
	www.psychologicalscience.org /cfs/program/view_submission.cfm?Abstract_ID=3646 (607 words)

	Calvin Seminars in Christian Scholarship - Christian Scholarship... for What? - Bert Hodges
		Asch, meant the experiment to be a moral dilemma that pitted "truth telling" against "social conformity." Asch thought that subjects should and would prefer a physical source of information to a social source when the physical source was unambiguous.
		The truth is that most of the subjects in Asch's experiment most of the time did not conform to their peers but "called it as they saw it." The most common response (26%) of subjects to Asch' s dilemma was to dissent from the majority on every critical trial.
		Asch focused on what the subject says to the experimenter; by agreeing to be in the experiment, the subject has obligated himself to speak truthfully to the experimenter.
	www.calvin.edu /scs/2001/conferences/125conf/papers/hodgesb.htm (3622 words)

	The psychology experiment that explains Kerry's victory. By Duncan Watts - Slate Magazine (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Asch demonstrated a stunning effect: Faced with a decision that, in isolation, no one would ever get wrong, the unwitting subjects went against the evidence of their own eyes about one-third of the time.
		In psychology, Asch's result is famous, yet its implications for what we might call "social decision-making" (decisions that are influenced by the previous decisions of others) are largely unappreciated by the general public, or even researchers who study decision-making.
		Even Asch's unwitting subjects—clear victims of manipulation—when interviewed afterwards gave other rationalizations for their decisions, some of them succumbing to what Asch called a "distortion of perception" in which they perceived the majority as being correct.
	slate.msn.com /id/2095993 (1531 words)

	Self-Quiz on Social Psychology
		Yes; if the experimenter arranged for only one other person in the group to give the correct answer, this made it much less likely that the naïve subject would go along with all the other people who were deliberately giving a wrong answer.
		The "sleeper effect" occurs when information from a dubious source is remembered, but the source is forgotten, so the message is given more credibility than it would be if the source was recalled.
		No, even the people who failed to respond to the famous Kitty Genovese attack (which started the research on bystander apathy) were not hostile toward her, and some eventually tried to help her.
	www.psywww.com /selfquiz/ch15mcq.htm (1329 words)

	[No title]
		Khalil is a research assistant and Dr. Asch is Assistant Professor in the Department of General Internal Medicine, Los Angeles County and University of Southern California Medical Center.
		Interviewers asked directors who were aware of an individual who delayed care: "Have you or your staff observed any clinical consequences related to individuals delaying services due to fears related to Proposition 187?" A research assistant and one of the authors checked each returned survey for completeness and the validity of all responses.
		The effects of California's Proposition 187 on ophthalmology clinic utilization at an inner-city urban hospital.
	www.usc.edu /dept/LAS/SC2/workingpapers/asch.html (3586 words)

	social influence: conformity
		So you could argue that all the subjects were doing was to use additional information from their environment (other people's estimates) to aid in arriving at a decision.
		Asch's experiment has been criticised for being unrealistic to the extent that in the real world we expect to take decisions on subjects more complex and more important than the length of a line.
		In effect, the psychological world so dear to the heart of many social psychologists is a social construction, and the findings used to justify statements about this world are only valid insofar as one remains within the theoretical (and metatheoretical) paradigms of the field.
	www.cultsock.ndirect.co.uk /MUHome/cshtml/socinf/conform.html (2406 words)

	Solomon Asch
		Asch Center for Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict at the University of Pennsylvania, focuses on bioterrorism,...
		Solomon E. Asch was born in Warsaw, Poland, on September 14, 1907.
		Asch's classic experiment an observer had to say which of three lines was...
	www.netactics.co.uk /solomon_asch.html (305 words)

	"The Selection and Deflection of Expertise in Delphi Exercises" (1972)
		As part of an ongoing study of the parameters which define the process of selecting experts for Delphic exercises, we have considered the effect of variation of levels and areas of expertise on long-range value forecasting.
		Is "expertise" a sufficiently internalized norm to counteract the effect of the group norm or consensus?/26/ If not, the possibility always exists that the manager of the Delphi exercise can manipulate and distort the experts' opinions and judgement.
		The second question asks whether "expertise" might not be a norm which enhances the conformity inducing effect of the group norm.
	www.wright.edu /~gordon.welty/Op_res_72.htm (2716 words)

	Primacy Effect
		The primacy effect has most effect during repeated message when there is little or no delay between the messages.
		One reason that the Primacy effect works is that the listener is more likely to start off paying attention, then drifting off when the subject gets boring or the listener is internally processing data you have given them.
		Asch (1946), Rosnow (1966), Rosnow and Robinson (1967), Furnam (1986)
	changingminds.org /explanations/theories/primacy_effect.htm (260 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The effects of social influence can be widespread and powerful, indeed in the wrong circumstances (panic) social influence may prove fatal.
		Later studies suggested that the degree of conformity shown in the Asch studies was probably, in part, due to the nature of the task, i.e.
		Researchers were interested to know if Asch's findings were perhaps due to the social climate of the time when conformity might have been seen as more desirable than in more recent times.
	www.chssc.salford.ac.uk /healthSci/psych2000/psych2000/socialinfluence.htm (3021 words)

	Prevention of Tocopherol-mediated Peroxidation in Ubiquinol-10-free Human Low Density Lipoprotein -- Bowry et al. 270 ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This antioxidant activity was not due to metal-chelation, as comparable high concentrations of EDTA or diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid had no effect on the rate of azo-initiated LDL lipid peroxidation (data not shown).
		Since the length of the tail has little if any effect on the reactivity of the chromanoxyl group (36) in homogeneous solutions, the observed trend in reactivity in LDL needs to be discussed in terms of the special physical properties of the lipoprotein dispersion (see below).
		In any event, our previous results with aqueous peroxyl radical scavenger urate have shown that the scavenging of even a large proportion of initiating radicals in itself is not necessarily sufficient to slow the rate of LOOH formation in LDL (see the ``urate paradox'' in (17)).
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/270/11/5756 (6084 words)

	Graduate Program in Psychology
		Effects of clonidine in the locus coeruleus on measures of prefrontal- and hippocampal-dependent dependent measures of attention and memory in the rat.
		An example is how Solomon Asch's Communist Party background (at Brooklyn College) contributed to what became known as the "Asch effect." In connecting political ideology and scientific research, this project is informed by the work of historians of the American Left and historians of science.
		I have been investigating the effect of the victims' and perpetrators' reactions and reputation on attributions of responsibility for date rape with both implicit and explicit measures.
	www.unh.edu /psychology/grad_pro.htm (10698 words)

	Information For The Public
		While there is general agreement that certain effects of hypnosis exist, there are differences of opinion within the research and clinical communities about how hypnosis works.
		The effectiveness of hypnosis appears to lie in the way in which it bypasses the critical observation and interference of the conscious mind, allowing the client's intentions for change to take effect.
		For members of the media: Please contact the ASCH office at 630/980-4740 or info@asch.net to schedule a conversation with a media contact.
	www.asch.net /genpubinfo.htm (1073 words)

	METHODOLOGICAL FALLACIES IN ANTHONY’S
		But the Asch effect has been used in many studies to identify the characteristics of individuals who are immune to pressures to conform.
		.To be considered brainwashing this process must result in (a) effects that persist for a significant amount of time after the orchestrated manipulative stimuli are removed and (b) an accompanying dread of disaffiliation which makes it extremely difficult for the subject to even contemplate life apart from the group.
		This non-disputational proposition is composed mainly of a segment that Anthony correctly quotes from an earlier (1997) article.
	www.rci.rutgers.edu /~zablocki/Anthony.htm (8600 words)

	Children's Literature: Meet Authors & Illustrators (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Frank Asch, who is well known for his Bear books (Bear's Shadow, Happy Birthday Moon, and Sky Fire), has written an appreciation of nature in The Earth and I. This is a gently-paced explanation of the interdependence between man and nature.
		A simple sentence opens the story; "The Earth and I are friends." With this statement, the author sets the stage for a young boy's exploration of all the things the that earth does for him, and what he can do in return, so that mutual respect and friendship can flourish.
		One talented illustrator who turned his talents to board books is Frank Asch who reaches small children with his "Moonbear" series.
	www.childrenslit.com /f_asch.html (1841 words)

	Citations: Forming impressions of personality - Asch (ResearchIndex)
		It is of great philosophical and 3 psychological interest to investigate whether one is able to achieve such a goal and what the underlying regularities are.
		Knowledge and Concept Learning 8 Feature Interpretation Effects Another important influence of prior knowledge on learning is to help people interpret and represent what they observe.
		According to Asch s change of meaning hypothesis, a feature such as intelligent would be interpreted differently in the sentences Sara is friendly and intelligent and Mary is ruthless and intelligent.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /context/1289662/0 (400 words)

	Social Psychology Links - Conformity (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Lecture notes which discuss classic conformity studies (such as Asch) and also the theories of persuasion.
		A partial and non-evaluative history of the Asch effect (http://www.ex.ac.uk/~PWebley/psy1002/asch.html)
		Discusses research on the Asch effect and experiments that have sought to replicate Asch's original findings.
	www.usu.edu /psy3510/links/links9.html (96 words)

	Most Americans Getting Substandard Health Care - healthfinder.gov
		And while disparities do exist between groups, they pale in comparison to a more general treatment gap: Overall, those surveyed got 54.9 percent of the care experts recommend for their condition.
		Because the authors were not examining access to care, only the quality of care once accessed, it's possible that these figures are actually optimistic ones.
		According to Asch, the Veterans Affairs system is already using upgraded information technology and "care has improved dramatically," to about two-thirds of veterans now receiving recommended care.
	www.healthfinder.gov /news/newsstory.asp?docID=531586 (843 words)

	group 2 and experiment 2
		This experiment is very similar to the Asch experiment that was conducted 50 years ago.
		Our hypothesis was that, like the subjects in the Asch experiment, our subjects would just go with the majority more instead of their own opinion.
		In the Asch experiment, it was discovered that if there is just one person that shares the opinion of the test subject, it supplies enough validity to the subject that they go against the majority.
	www.uiowa.edu /~c030172/reports/experiments02/group02report02.html (978 words)

	Exam Review sheets (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In a study of the effects of loud noise on the ability to concentrate, noise is the ___________ and concentration is the ___________.
		Chapter 6: definition of conformity, norm; Sherif's autokinetic effect study; Asch's conformity studies, and factors influencing level of conformity in them; compliance vs acceptance; normative vs informational influence; obedience, and how it is different from conformity; Milgram studies, and factors influencing level of obedience in them; the trait of reactance.
		Bystander effect, Latane and Darley's 3-stage model of helping and what can go wrong at each stage, effects of positive and negative mood, ways of increasing helping behavior, normative vs informational influence explanations of non-helping, personality traits that influence helping, cheater-detection mechanism.
	www.missouri.edu /~psycks/reviews.html (2284 words)

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