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Topic: Ascidian

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List of biomedical topics, A to E

	HighBeam Encyclopedia - ascidian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Subcuticular rejection: an advanced mode of the allogeneic rejection in the compound ascidians Botrylloides simodensis and B. fucus.
		Life-history variation in a colonial ascidian: broad-sense heritabilities and tradeoffs in allocation to asexual growth and male and female reproduction.
		Isolation and characterization of endostyle-specific genes in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis.
	www.encylopedia.com /html/X/X-ascidian.asp (286 words)

	Ascidian News 39 - May 1996 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		CHARACTERIZATION OF ENDODERM-SPECIFIC ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE IN LARVAE OF THE ASCIDIAN Halocynthia roretzi.
		Ascidian eggs are typically surrounded by three cellular envelopes, outer follicle cells (OFC), inner follicle cells (lFG) and test cells [TC), and by the acellular vitelline coat (VC), separating IFC from TC and oolemma.
		Vanadium in ascidians and the chemistry of tunichromes.
	biol.dgbm.unina.it:8080 /ascidians/AscidianNews/an39.html (11280 words)

	Genome Biology \| Full text \| Ascidian gene-expression profiles
		The ascidians are members of the tunicate (or urochordate) branch of the chordate tree and have been popular models in embryology and evolutionary biology for more than a century [2,3].
		Ascidian development starts with the localization of determinants in the egg; inductive signaling between different cells then takes place during the cleavage period, followed by simple morphogenetic movements that lead to the formation of a tailed (tadpole) larva; and the swimming tadpole is later radically reorganized into a sessile filter-feeding adult during metamorphosis (Figure 1).
		The low frequency of duplicated genes in the ascidian genome is in striking contrast to vertebrates, whose morphological complexity may stem in part from gene duplication and diversification [11].
	genomebiology.com /2002/3/10/reviews/1030?mkt=401 (2592 words)

	Solitary Ascidian - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Solitary Ascidian Herdmania momus is one of the most commonly encountered species of Ascidians.
		The Solitary Ascidian is sometimes referred to as the Red-throated Ascidian, as its two siphons are a vivid red in colour.
		However, most Solitary Ascidians that are encountered are so covered in algae that the coloration is often not visible.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Solitary_ascidian (162 words)

	Ascidiacea - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ascidiacea (commonly known as the ascidians or sea squirts) is a class in the Tunicata subphylum of sac-like marine filter feeders.
		They are characterized by a tough outer "tunic" made of the polysaccharide tunicin whilst other tunicates are much less robust.
		Like other tunicates, they also collect and concentrate vanadium in their blood, although the reason for this behaviour is not properly understood.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ascidia (194 words)

	[No title]
		Alboinon, an oxadiazinone alkaloid from the ascidian Dendrodoa grossularia.
		In ascidians, the most studied tunicates, the cerebral ganglion has the unusual capacity to regenerate completely in few weeks after ablation and the possible contribution of cells from blood or dorsal strand to the process is under investigation.
		In ascidian eggs, fertilization initiates a sequence of events including exit from meiosis, rearrangement of cortical and cytoplasmic domains with egg shape modification (ooplasmic segregation), first and second polar body extrusion, etc., and the elevation of intracellular Ca2+ is thought to initiate these processes.
	nsm.fullerton.edu /~lamberts/ascidian/an41.html (14339 words)

	ASCIDIANS - 1994 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Phenoloxidase in the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri (Urochordata: Ascidiacea).
		Autonomy of expression of epidermis-specific genes in the ascidian embryo.
		Ascidians contain multiple muscle actin genes which are expressed in the larva, the adult, or during both phases of the life cycle.
	biol.dgbm.unina.it:8080 /ascidians/1994.htm (13132 words)

	Christian Sardet, Rémi Dumollard, Christian Rouvière (Villefranche-sur-mer)
		Ascidians are sessile marine organisms (urochordates/tunicates) which develop through a swimming tadpole stage (1).
		The ascidian tadpole is made of only 3000 cells and 6 different tissue types (1, 2, 3 4).These tissues differenciate from early blastomeres which acquire their fates from the 16 to the 110 cell stages (5,6).
		These experiments indicate that ascidian embryonic development results from both determinate and inductive mechanisms and that determinants, for muscle, endoderm and ectoderm formation are relocalized in distinct areas of the egg after fertilization(5).
	biodev.obs-vlfr.fr /recherche/biomarcell/about/FertDevGuide.htm (745 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia - ascidian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		p58, a cytoskeletal protein, is associated with muscle cell determinants in ascidian eggs.
		Ascidians of South Padre Island, Texas, with a key to species.
		Morula Cells as the Major Immunomodulatory Hemocytes in Ascidians: Evidences From the Colonial Species Botryllus schlosseri.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/X/X-ascidian.asp (286 words)

	DE Publishing
		Ascidians are also known to concentrate heavy metals and hydrocarbons within their bodies.
		Ascidian scientist will find this information valuable, but it is not required for the typical captive aquarist.
		Ascidian life spans are discussed as well as the various strategies they utilize to propagate themselves.
	www.dynamicecomorphology.com /publishsquirtseries.htm (2219 words)

	Ion Channels and Early Development of Neural Cells -- TAKAHASHI and OKAMURA 78 (2): 307 -- Physiological Reviews
		As for the ascidian neurogenesis as a prototype of vertebrates,
		in the eggs of ascidians, echinoderms, amphibians, and murines
		In the ascidian embryo, it is known that the two cells in the vegetal pole at the 64-cell stage are the pioneer cells to gastrulate
	physrev.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/78/2/307 (10355 words)

	AscidPt2
		The sessile (permanently attached, as opposed to the pelagic species) ones are attached to various substrates and have two siphons (incurrent, excurrent) in which they pump water through the gill net in their bodies.
		Most folks get their ascidians for "free" as explants with their live rock, though they can be procured through specialty shops and suppliers on the Net.
		for such apparently simple, attached animals, the ascidians are complex animals with digestive, nervous, reproductive/developmental and circulatory systems (closed, with a heart, but alternating in pumping direction every few hours!) that point up their relationship with the "higher" chordates.
	www.wetwebmedia.com /ascidpt2.htm (803 words)

	Patterning across the ascidian neural plate by lateral Nodal signalling sources -- Hudson and Yasuo 132 (6): 1199 -- ...
		The cell lineages of the ascidian CNS are described in Fig.
		HrNodal, the ascidian nodal-related gene, is expressed in the left side of the epidermis, and lies upstream of HrPitx.
		Cloning and embryonic expression of Hrsna, a snail family gene of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi: implication in the origins of mechanisms for mesoderm specification and body axis formation in chordates.
	dev.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/132/6/1199 (7308 words)

	Ascidian Larva Reveals Ancient Origin of Vertebrate-Skeletal-Muscle Troponin I Characteristics in Chordate Locomotory ...
		The remaining gene schematics outline the fates of the ancestral core exons during the evolution of protostome, deuterostome, ascidian, and vertebrate TnI genes.
		The relationship between the generic ascidian and vertebrate TnI genes shown here and the specific genes compared in figure 2 is shown by exon numbering (Arabic numerals) below the gene schematics (numbers in brackets below the vertebrate TnI gene refer to the TnIcardiac gene).
		Expression of AMD1, a gene for a MyoD1-related factor in the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi.
	mbe.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/20/12/2113 (5722 words)

	Subfamily-Specific Posttranscriptional Mechanism Underlies K+ Channel Expression in a Developing Neuronal Blastomere -- ...
		For E and F, nine Xenopus oocytes and six ascidian cells were tested in addition to the cells shown in the figures, and similar results were obtained.
		Nishida H (1987) Cell lineage analysis in ascidian embryos by intracellular injection of a tracer enzyme.
		Okado H, Takahashi K (1993) Neural differentiation in cleavage-arrested ascidian blastomeres induced by a proteolytic enzyme.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/19/16/6874 (7483 words)

	An Ancient Lectin-Dependent Complement System in an Ascidian: Novel Lectin Isolated from the Plasma of the Solitary ...
		was isolated from the plasma of a urochordate, the solitary ascidian
		Ascidian plasma (lane 1), material partially purified with mannan-Sepharose (lane 2), purified p36 (lane 3), or human MBL (lane 4) was subjected to SDS-PAGE under reducing (+2 ME; 10% gel) and nonreducing (-2 ME; 7.5%) conditions.
		The entire amino acid sequences of the ascidian p36 and human (Hu), rat (Ra), and mouse (Mo) MBLs were aligned using ClustalW software with reference to the invariant residues of C-type lectins (21).
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/167/8/4504 (4394 words)

	Just Blue
		Little work has been done in the past and although the southern African coast is home to a large number of species, only some 170 species have been described in the past.
		Ascidians or tunicates, commonly known as sea squirts.
		Southern Africa is blessed with a large number of habitat types, each filled with its own peculiar and interesting array of life.
	www.justblue.co.za (400 words)

	Cloning and Characterization of Integrin {{alpha}} Subunits from the Solitary Ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi -- Miyazawa ...
		Cloning and Characterization of Integrin {{alpha}} Subunits from the Solitary Ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi -- Miyazawa et al.
		in the ancient Bf of the sea urchin (17) and the ascidian (19).
		Ascidian hemocytes were collected as described previously (31).
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/166/3/1710 (3680 words)

	Development of Transient Outward Currents Coupled With Ca2+-Induced Ca2+ Release Mediates Oscillatory Membrane ...
		Ascidians are popular animals for the study of developmental
		The swimming behavior of ascidian larvae was studied in a petri
		A: representative traces of current clamp recorded from ascidian muscle cells at 47 and 78 h are shown.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/92/2/1056 (5366 words)

	ADP-ribose gates the fertilization channel in ascidian oocytes -- Wilding et al. 275 (5): C1277 -- AJP - Cell Physiology
		Dale, B. Fertilization channels in ascidian eggs are not activated by calcium.
		Regulation of the fertilization current in ascidian oocytes by intracellular second messengers.
		Soluble extracts from ascidian spermatozoa trigger intracellular calcium release independently of the activation of the ADP ribose channel.
	ajpcell.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/275/5/C1277 (2789 words)

	Mitochondrial respiration and Ca2+ waves are linked during fertilization and meiosis completion -- Dumollard et al. 130 ...
		The oxygen electrode is first positioned far from the egg (1) then brought close to the egg (2) to measure its basal oxygen consumption.
		consumption in the vegetal pole region of the unfertilized ascidian
		Polarity of the ascidian egg cortex and relocalization of cER and mRNAs in the early embryo
	dev.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/130/4/683 (5716 words)

	Untitled Document
		-Sardet, C., Nishida, H, Prodon, F, Sawada,K., (2003) Maternal mRNAs of PEM and macho-1, the ascidian muscle determinant, associate and move with a rough endoplasmic reticulum network in the egg cortex.
		-Speksnijder J.E., Jaffe L. and Sardet, C. Calcium signals during fertilization and ooplasmic segregation in the Ascidian egg in "Mechanism of fertilization" (B. Dale ed.) pp 455-475.
		-Speksnijder J.E., Jaffe L.F. and Sardet, C. The activation wave of calcium in the ascidian egg and its role in ooplasmic segregation.
	biodev.obs-vlfr.fr /recherche/biomarcell/publications/pubs.htm (2855 words)

	Ascidian Home Page for the United States
		Includes up-to-date listings of recent publications on ascidians worldwide, and ascidian abstracts from many recent meetings.
		Charles Lambert: Maturation and fertilization of ascidian eggs, reproductive biology of ascidians, nitrogen storage in ascidians, introductions of non-indigenous ascidians.
		Gretchen Lambert: Ascidian taxonomy and distribution, introductions of non-indigenous ascidians, spicule formation in solitary and compound ascidians.
	www.depts.washington.edu /ascidian (98 words)

	Ocean Life Institute - Events (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The biology, biogeography, and ecology of invasive ascidians
		Dijkstra, J.A., Harris, Larry G., and Westerman, E.L. Distribution and ecology of four colonial ascidians: Botryllus schlosseri, Botrylloides violaceus, Diplosoma listerianum and Didemnum sp.
		Effects of temperature on growth rates of colonial ascidians: A comparison of Didemnum sp.
	www.whoi.edu /institutes/oli/activities/seasquirt-program.html (999 words)

	ANISEED
		Welcome to ANISEED (Ascidian Network for In Situ Expression and Embryological Data)
		A model organism database for Ciona and Halocynthia
		In case of problem, please enable javascipt in your browser, upgrade it or use another one.
	crfb.univ-mrs.fr /aniseed (160 words)

	Wildlife of Sydney - Fact File - Red-throated Ascidian
		Wildlife of Sydney - Fact File - Red-throated Ascidian
		The Red-throated Ascidian is a solitary species common in Sydney's coastal waters.
		It has a thick, white or semi-transparent outer covering, and two prominent, red-rimmed siphons that it uses to filter plankton from the water.
	faunanet.gov.au /wos/factfile.cfm?Fact_ID=127 (72 words)

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