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Topic: Ascites

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	eMedicine - Ascites : Article by Rahil Shah
		Mural thickening of the gallbladder is associated with benign ascites in 82% of cases.
		Patients with malignant ascites tend to have proportional fluid collections in the greater and lesser sacs; whereas, in patients with benign ascites, the fluid is observed primarily in the greater sac and not in the lesser omental bursae.
		The prognosis for patients with ascites due to liver disease depends on the underlying disorder, the degree of reversibility of a given disease process, and the response to treatment.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic173.htm (3532 words)

	Vetcare Update bulletin - Ascites
		Ascites is not a disease, it is a condition in which excess amount of ascitic fluids (a combination of lymph and blood plasma which has leaked from the liver) accumulate in the body cavity.
		The ascites syndrome is associated with abnormally high blood pressure between the heart and lungs (pulmonary hypertension) leading to right heart failure, increased blood pressure in the veins, and excessive buildup of fluid in the liver (passive liver congestion) which leaks into the body cavity.
		Ascites is most commonly diagnosed at 4 - 5 weeks of age, although signs of ascites have been recorded in day-old birds Low oxygen status of embryos during incubation may be related to the onset of ascites.
	www.vetcareindia.com /p_bul_ascites.htm (2019 words)

	Ascites - LoveToKnow 1911
		It is produced by (1) diseases within the liver, as cirrhosis (usually alcoholic) and cancer; (2) diseases outside the liver, as cancer of stomach, duodenum or pancreas, causing pressure on the portal vein, or enlarged glands in the fissure of the liver producing the same effect.
		Ascites is one of the late symptoms in the disease, and precedes dropsy of the leg, which may come on later, due to pressure on the large veins in the abdominal cavity by the ascitic fluid.
		In the ascites of kidney troubles there will be a history of general oedema - puffiness of face and eyes on rising in the morning probably having attracted the attention of the patient or his friends previously.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Ascites (280 words)

	Ascites Information on Healthline
		Cirrhosis, which is responsible for 80% of all instances of ascites in the United States, triggers a series of disease-producing changes that weaken the kidney's ability to excrete sodium in the urine.
		Pancreatic ascites develops when a cyst that has thick, fibrous walls (pseudocyst) bursts and permits pancreatic juices to enter the abdominal cavity.
		Although chylous ascites is sometimes caused by trauma, abdominal surgery, tuberculosis, or another peritoneal infection, it is usually a symptom of lymphoma or some other cancer.
	www.healthline.com /galecontent/ascites-1 (806 words)

	Information on Ascites - Medicine Online Medical Encyclopedia
		Ascites is the abnormal accumulation of fluid within the abdominal cavity.
		Ascites is seen in people with pancreatic disease, as well as other conditions.
		Ascites will be monitored with lab tests and regular visits to the healthcare provider.
	www.medicineonline.com /encyclopedia/A/Ascites (936 words)

	ascites fluid in the abdomen
		Ascites is caused by cirrhosis in 75% of cases, malignancy in 10%, and cardiac failure in 5%; other causes account for the remaining 10%.
		Ascites must be differentiated from abdominal distension due to other causes such as obesity, pregnancy, gaseous distension of bowel, bladder distension, cysts, and tumours.
		Rapid onset of ascites in patients with cirrhosis may be due to gastrointestinal haemorrhage, infection, portal venous thrombosis, or the development of a hepatocellular carcinoma.
	home3.inet.tele.dk /omni/ascites_fluid.htm (1043 words)

	Ascites: A Common Problem in People with Cirrhosis - Patients - American College of Gastroenterology
		Ascites is common in people with cirrhosis and it usually develops when the liver is starting to fail.
		Ascites is caused by a combination of elevated pressure in the veins running through the liver (portal hypertension) and a decrease in liver function caused by scarring of the liver.
		The survival rate 5 years after ascites develops is only 30-40% and it is important that you and your doctor discuss a referral to a liver specialist and a liver transplant center.
	www.acg.gi.org /patients/gihealth/ascites.asp (854 words)

	World Journal of Surgical Oncology \| Full text \| Prognostic significance of new onset ascites in patients with ...
		Ascites free survival was significantly longer in patients undergoing resection but once ascites became manifest, survival was no different in patients who had undergone resection than those not undergoing resection.
		As one would expect, the ascites free interval was longer in the four patients undergoing complete resection of their tumor, but once the tumors recurred, as almost all do, life expectancy with ascites was less than one month.
		Tumor markers did not correlate with onset of ascites, and this is not surprising given that only one in three patients actually had tumor cells in their ascites fluid; perhaps this is the most important observation that can be gleaned from this study.
	www.wjso.com /content/4/1/16 (2623 words)

	Healthopedia.com - Ascites (Abdominal Dropsy, Hydroperitoneum)
		Ascites is the abnormal accumulation of fluid within the abdominal cavity.
		Ascites develops most frequently as a result of liver disease.
		Ascites is seen in people with pancreatic disease, as well as other conditions.
	www.healthopedia.com /ascites (546 words)

	gihealth.com - built for patient satisfaction
		Ascites is the abnormal collection of fluid in the abdominal cavity, most often as a result of chronic liver disease.
		Ascites is a medical condition in which excess fluid begins to puddle within the abdominal cavity.
		Ascites is not a disease, but most often, a grave complication of progressive liver failure.
	www.gihealth.com /html/education/ascites.html (2526 words)

	Ascites
		Ascites is defined as the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity.
		Ascites is the most common major complication of cirrhosis and is an important landmark in the natural history of chronic liver disease.
		The definition of refractory ascites is (1) lack of response to high-dose diuretics (400 mg of spironolactone and 160 mg of furosemide per day) while remaining compliant with a low-sodium diet, or (2) frequent ascites recurrence shortly after therapeutic paracentesis.
	www.clevelandclinicmeded.com /diseasemanagement/gastro/ascites/ascites.htm (3381 words)

	Chapter 14 - Section 12: First Principles of Gastroenterology
		Ascites is a detectable collection of free fluid in the peritoneal cavity.
		Refractory ascites is defined as ascites unresponsive to 400 mg of spironolactone or 30 mg of amiloride plus up to 120 mg of furosemide daily for two weeks.
		Noncompliance with sodium restriction is a major and often overlooked cause of resistant ascites, and careful questioning of the patient and the patient's relatives is often required to confirm this.
	gastroresource.com /GITextbook/en/Chapter14/14-12.htm (1760 words)

	Postgraduate Medicine: Minimizing ascites
		Ascites usually can be detected clinically by the presence of fullness in the flanks, shifting dullness, generalized abdominal distention with a fluid wave, and umbilicus eversion.
		Two classes of diuretics are used in patients with cirrhotic ascites: (1) distal-acting diuretics (eg, amiloride hydrochloride [Midamor], spironolactone [Aldactone]), which inhibit aldosterone-dependent sodium reabsorption in the distal part of the nephron, and (2) loop-acting diuretics (eg, furosemide [Lasix]), which inhibit active chloride ion transport in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
		SBP of ascites is an important complication of cirrhosis that is present in up to 20% of patients with an acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage at the time of admission to a medical facility (15).
	www.postgradmed.com /issues/2001/02_01/garcia.htm (4135 words)

	Ascites evaluation and treatment MEDSTUDENTS- INTERNAL MEDICINE
		Ascites is the presence of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity.
		The clinical manifestations of ascites can vary from an asymptomatic patient to patients complaining of increased abdominal girth, early satiety, and respiratory distress depending on the amount of fluid accumulated in the abdomen.
		Abdominal paracentesis with analysis of the ascitic fluid should be done in patients with new onset ascites, those requiring hospitalization because of ascites and those whose condition deteriorates during hospitalization.
	www.medstudents.com.br /medint/medint3.htm (895 words)

	HepNet: Intractable Ascites (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ascites is a common complication of liver cirrhosis.
		Refractory ascites is defined as ascites unresponsive to 400 mg of spironolactone or 30 mg of amiloride plus up to 160 mg of furosemide daily for two weeks.
		Liver transplantation should be considered for all cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites, and it should be performed before the development of renal dysfunction, since the worst prognostic indicator for morbidity and mortality after liver transplantation is renal impairment.
	www.hepnet.com /boca/wong.html (635 words)

	In clinical practice, the term `ascites' refers to the detectable and pathologic collection of fluid in the peritoneal ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ascites needs to be differentiated from abdominal distension due to other causes like gross obesity, gaseous distention, bowel obstruction, abdominal cysts or masses.
		In ascites due to portal hypertension or hypoalbuminaemia, the fluid is clear and straw coloured; turbid ascites may indicate infection.
		Refractory ascites is now defined as the ascites that cannot be mobilized or early recurrence of which (ie after therapeutic paracentesis) cannot be satisfactorily prevented by medical therapy.
	www.indegene.com /Gas/FeatArt/indGasFeat5.html (5016 words)

	vgn-ext-hidden_Article_Detail (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ascites is the buildup of fluid in the abdominal cavity.
		Ascites caused by cancer is called malignant ascites and accounts for 10% of ascites cases.
		The goal of treatment for ascites to is to relieve symptoms, such as shortness of breath, abdominal pain, fatigue (tiredness), decreased appetite, feeling full after eating little food, or not being able to exercise.
	www.plwc.org /portal/site/PLWC/menuitem.169f5d85214941ccfd748f68ee37a01d/?vgnextoid=e00141eca8daa010VgnVCM100000ed730ad1RCRD (412 words)

	Treatment for Malignant Ascites - National Cancer Institute
		Malignant ascites is an abnormal build-up of fluid in the
		Ascites can cause discomfort, pain, problems with mobility and breathing, and other symptoms that decrease the quality of life for affected patients.
		"Ascites is a terrible problem for patients, and we often have to resort to invasive procedures to help them," explained Dr. Jatoi.
	cnetdb.nci.nih.gov /clinicaltrials/ft-NCCTG-N04C2/print?page=&keyword= (518 words)

	Ascites
		Ascites is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen.
		Cirrhosis, which is responsible for 80% of all instances of ascities in the United States, triggers a series of disease-producing changes that weaken the kidney's ability to excrete sodium in the urine.
		The prognosis depends upon the condition that is causing the ascites.
	www.healthatoz.com /healthatoz/Atoz/ency/ascites.jsp (940 words)

	Ascites in Dogs (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ascites, itself, usually does not cause a problem, but the primary disease process causing the ascites can be a serious condition.
		Ascites is usually produced slowly and in small amounts; however, if a large amount of fluid is produced, or rapidly produced, an emergency situation may exist.
		Rupture of the spleen may cause leakage of blood; rupture of the gall bladder may cause leakage of bile, a bile peritonitis; injury to the urinary tract (kidney, ureter, bladder, or urethra) may cause leakage of urine, resulting in a uroabdomen (urine within the abdomen).
	www.petplace.com /dogs/ascites-in-dogs/page2.aspx (916 words)

	Serum/Ascites Albumin Gradient in Differential Diagnosis of Ascites (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ascites is one of the most common amongst the various clinical problems confronting a physician, and ascitic fluid analysis is the most effective way to diagnose it.
		The albumin gradient retains its ability even in infected ascites, which is considered exudate according to traditional concept, although it usually develops in patients of cirrhosis, which, owing to the low ascitic fluid total protein concentration, is traditionally labelled as transudative ascites.
		This is explained on the basis of the equilibrium of starting forces, when ascites is related to portal hypertension, this increments of portal pressure should be counter balanced by an increased difference of osmotic forces (and thus albumin concentration) between serum and ascites.
	www.indegene.com /Int/FeatArt/indIntFeatArt12.html (1234 words)

	Ascites - Genesis Health System
		Rapidly developing (acute) ascites can occur as a complication of trauma, perforated ulcer, appendicitis, or inflammation of the colon or other tube-shaped organ (diverticulitis).
		Types of ascites Cirrhosis, which is responsible for 80% of all instances of ascites in the United States, triggers a series of disease-producing changes that weaken the kidney's ability to excrete sodium in the urine.
		Although chylous ascites is sometimes caused by trauma, abdominal surgery, tuberculosis, or another peritoneal infection, it is usually a symptom of lymphoma or some other cancer.
	www.genesishealth.com /conditions/DetailedDisease/000148.aspx (943 words)

	Ascites Tapping - Patient UK
		As the tapping of ascites is usually to relieve symptoms, it is not normally required unless the ascites is tense.
		When drainage ceases and clinically the ascites is much less or after 6 to 8 hours at the most, the catheter is gently withdrawn and the hole closed.
		Drainage of ascites may have reduced pressure on the stomach but the medical condition is usually such that appetite remains poor.
	www.patient.co.uk /showdoc/40002410 (2433 words)

	Ascites and Cirrhosis
		The underfill hypothesis states that ascites is formed as a primary event leading to hypovolemia, a high renin/aldo state, and secondary renal salt retention.
		Serum ascites gradient is now the preferred method of differentiating the different types of ascites as it is the best at identifying ascites 2 o to portal hypertension.
		Goal is clearly to drain the ascites for comfort, decreased risk of infection and generally more pleasing physique.
	home.uchicago.edu /~adamcifu/ascites.htm (463 words)

	Hepatitis Central, What is Ascites?
		Ascites is the presence of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity.
		The clinical manifestations of ascites can vary from an asymptomatic patient to patients complaining of increased abdominal girth, early satiety, and respiratory distress depending on the amount of fluid accumulated in the abdomen.
		A particular value of recognizing portal hypertension as a cause of ascites is that medical management using diuretics and salt restriction is often effective in portal hypertensive patients.
	www.hepatitis-central.com /hcv/whatis/ascites.html (1305 words)

	eMedicine - Chylous Ascites : Article by Unnithan V Raghuraman, MD, FRCP, FACG, FACP
		Chylous ascites is a rare clinical condition that occurs as a result of disruption of the abdominal lymphatics.
		The incidence of spontaneous chylous ascites in patients with chronic liver diseases is estimated to be 0.5%.
		The prognosis in adult patients with chylous ascites is poor due to its association with malignancy and severe liver disease.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic3182.htm (2164 words)

	Ascites Encyclopedia of Medicine - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pancreatic ascites develops when a cyst that has thick, fibrous walls (pseudocyst) bursts and permits pancreatic juices to enter the abdominal cavity.
		It is most commonly a consequence of disease that originates in the peritoneum (peritoneal carcinomatosis) or of cancer that spreads (metastasizes) from another part of the body.
		The prognosis depends upon the condition that is causing the ascites.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_g2601/is_0001/ai_2601000150 (805 words)

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