Aspartic acid protease

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Topic: Aspartic acid protease

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	HIV Protease 3D Structures Index
		Protease Complexed bound to JE-2147 (also named AG1776 or KNI-764; a peptidomimetic protease inhibitor containing a unique unnatural amino acid, allophenylnorstatine [Apns; (2S, 3S)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyric acid], with a hydroxymethylcarbonyl (HMC) isostere as the active moiety) at 1.09 A resolution.
		Protease complexed with tripeptide inhibitor from HIV-1 trans-frame region.
		A tutorial on HIV protease inhibitor design from the Chemistry department at the University of Wisconsin at Madison.
	hiv-web.lanl.gov /content/hiv-db/STRUCTURE/PROTEASE.HTML (851 words)

	Staphylococcus aureus V-8 protease
		Staphylococcus aureus V-8 protease has two pH optima, one at pH 4.0 and the other at pH 7.8, and it is specific for cleavage at the carboxy terminus of glutamic acid and aspartic acid residues.
		This is related to the fact that the native structure of the protease is stabilized mainly by electrostatic interactions, and not by hydrogen bonding and ß-structures.
		With immobilized proteases, no quenching is necessary and there are no problems with protease contamination of the sample or autodigestion of the protease.
	www.piercenet.com /Products/Browse.cfm?fldID=02040708&Format=Print (391 words)

	EID Vol. 4 No.1: Proteases of Malaria Parasites: New Targets for Chemotherapy
		Inhibitors of aspartic and cysteine proteases have synergistic effects in inhibiting the growth of cultured malaria parasites (67), and these proteases also act synergistically to degrade hemoglobin in vitro (41).
		This protease, called falcipain, degraded denatured and native hemoglobin in vitro; its acid pH optimum, substrate specificity, and inhibitor sensitivity indicated that it was a papain family cysteine protease (64,70,71).
		Proteases appear to be required for the rupture and subsequent reinvasion of erythrocytes by merozoite-stage parasites and for the degradation of hemoglobin by intraerythrocytic trophozoites (Figure).
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/eid/vol4no1/rosenth.htm (4136 words)

	Alkylation of a catalytic aspartate group of the SIV protease by an epoxide inhibitor.
		It is able to align in an orientation that allows a proton to be transferred to the epoxide from one of the catalytic aspartic acid groups in conjunction with nucleophilic attack on the epoxide of the carboxylate moiety of the second catalytic aspartic acid residue.
		Tryptic digestion of the alkylated protein and mass spectrometric analysis of the peptides identify an active site aspartic acid (Asp-25) as the single residue that is alkylated.
		Alkylation of a catalytic aspartate group of the SIV protease by an epoxide inhibitor.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1998/apr/M9841523.html (396 words)

	catalysis
		The 57th amino acid of the primary sequence of chymotrypsin is Histidine (His57), the 102nd amino acid is aspartic acid (asp102) and the 195th amino acid is serine (ser 195).
		Chymotrypsin is classified as a serine protease because there is a serine in the active site of the enzyme.
		Since chymotrypsin is a protease, part of a protein will bind to the active site of the enzyme.
	academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu /biology/bio4fv/page/catalysp.htm (199 words)

	Russell J. Beckett: "Unique Water" (Magnesium Bicarbonate)
		Typically inflammation is decreased by altering carbonic anhydrase enzyme reactions and/or decreasing the activities of acid (aspartic) protease enzymes and/or decreasing the activities of endosomal or lysosomal acid-requiring-enzymes and/or decreasing the activities of V-type ATPase proton pumps.
		The aqueous neutral to mildly alkaline metal bicarbonate solution may be administered on a full or empty stomach, typically the aqueous neutral to mildly alkaline metal bicarbonate solution is administered on an empty stomach.
		Typically the metal bicarbonate is in the form of the aqueous neutral to mildly alkaline metal bicarbonate solution of the eleventh embodiment.
	www.rexresearch.com /beckett/1beckett.htm (12356 words)

	Characterization of the Streptococcal C5a Peptidase Using a C5a-Green Fluorescent Protein Fusion Protein Substrate -- Stafslien and Cleary 182 (11): 3254 -- The Journal of Bacteriology
		The catalytic role of the active site aspartic acid in serine proteases.
		Identification of three catalytic triad constituents and Asp-225 essential for function of lysine-specific serine protease, Achromobacter protease I. Biol.
		The catalytic triad of the influenza C virus glycoprotein HEF esterase: characterization by site-directed mutagenesis and functional analysis.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/182/11/3254 (3807 words)

	Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Organization - Pat Heslop-Harrison
		We also show amino-acid alignments and key conserved residues or domains within the reverse transcriptase(RT), RNase H (RH), integrase (INT) and aspartic protease (PR) genes and in a conserved cysteine-histidine (CH) zinc-finger-like domain.
		In this review, we show scale alignments of genomes from the six taxonomic families of reverse-transcribing viruses, gypsy and copia-like retroelements and LINEs, and also the enzyme telomerase, to show the lengths of the elements and the order of genes.
	www.le.ac.uk /biology/phh4/titleabst.htm (13464 words)

	the-big-one
		%D 1984 %K 3GRS %A J.J. Birktoft %A L.J. Banaszak %T The presence of a histidine-aspartic acid pair in the active site of 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenases: X-ray refinement of cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase %J J. Biol.
		%I MIT Press %A D. Bizub %A I.T. Weber %A C.E. Cameron %A J.P. Leis %A A.M. Skalka %T A range of catalytic efficiencies with avian retroviral protease subunits genetically linked to form single polypeptide chains %J J. Biol.
		Chem %V 259 %P 11353-11365 %D 1984 %A N.S. Andreeva %A A.S. Zdanov %A A.E. Gustchina %A A.A. Fedorov %T Structure of ethanol-inhibited porcine pepsin at 2\(Ao resolution and binding of the methyl ester of phenylalanyl-diiodotyrosine to the enzyme %J J. Biol.
	www.venus.co.uk /PMDG/the-big-one (13464 words)

	HistCite - index: Amos B. Smith
		Smith AB The design and synthesis of nonpeptide peptidomimetics: From neuropeptide hormone agonists and antagonists to inhibitors of aspartic acid proteases
		Design and synthesis of pyrrolinone based non-peptidal peptidomimetics: From beta-sheet mimetics to an orally active HIV-1 protease inhibitor.
		Synthesis of a substance P antagonist with a somatostatin scaffold: Factors affecting agonism/antagonism at GPCRs and the role of pseudosymmetry
	www.garfield.library.upenn.edu /histcomp/smith-ab_upenn/index-py-2.html (13464 words)

	Group A Streptococcus: allelic variation, population genetics, and host-pathogen interactions -- Reid et al. 107 (4): 393 -- Journal of Clinical Investigation
		A natural variant of the cysteine protease virulence factor of group A Streptococcus with an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif preferentially binds human integrins
		Streptococcus pyogenes causing toxic-shock-like syndrome and other invasive diseases: clonal diversity and pyrogenic exotoxin expression.
		Musser, J.M. Streptococcal superantigen, mitogenic factor, and pyrogenic exotoxin B expressed by Streptococcus pyogenes.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/107/4/393 (13464 words)

	GENE
		The first region, ORF1, encodes a putative Gag protein including a `Leu zipper', a nucleic acid binding motif, as well as an aspartic protease domain.
		In the 5′ flanking region, a consensus TATA box, a putative cAMP-response element, a putative phorbol ester-response element, a putative AP-1-binding site and a putative IL-6-response element were identified.
		Sequence analysis indicated that they both encoded exon 4, but differed in the length of their 3′ non-coding regions by use of a putative polyadenylation signal situated 200bp upstream from the established polyadenylation site.
	www.lub.lu.se /~anders/GENE.html (13464 words)

	Crystal structure of varicella-zoster virus protease -- Qiu et al. 94 (7): 2874 -- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
		Given that the third member of the catalytic triad is a histidine instead of an aspartic acid, its role in the catalytic mechanism
		protease catalytic triad consists of a serine and two histidines.
		of the triad in such an exposed catalytic cavity.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/94/7/2874 (3533 words)

	BioAfrica - HIV-1 Protease Cleavage Sites
		protease of HIV-1 is a small 99-amino acid aspartic enzyme that mediates the cleavage of Gag, Gag-Pol and Nef precursor polyproteins.
		Note: Each cleavage site consists of the 5 amino acids upstream and the 5 amino acids downstream of the scissile bond
		As shown in the above figure, the main structural proteins are formed by cleavage of the Pr55gag polyprotein into matrix (MA, p17),
	bioafrica.net /proteomics/HIVcleavagesites.html (430 words)

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Topic: Aspartic acid protease

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