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| | The Slavs and Their Neighbors |
 | | When, after participating in earlier invasions of the Eastern Empire by the Avars, as had the Slavs, they definitely crossed the Danube under their Khan or Khagan, Asparukh, in 679, a Bulgar state was established in northern Thrace in the region of present-day Bulgaria. |
 | | In spite of a treaty which Byzantium concluded with Bulgaria eleven years later, and which established a new boundary line north of Adrianople, there was a whole series of Greek-Bulgar wars in the course of the eighth century. |
 | | Emperor Justinian II, after defeating Bulgars and Slavs in 690, had to ask for their assistance in order to recover his throne from a rival, and in reward he granted to Asparukhs successor, Tervel, the title of Caesar when he received him in the capital in 705. |
| victorian.fortunecity.com /wooton/34/halecki/2.htm (4330 words) |
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