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Topic: Asphalt

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Asphalt concrete

Bitumen

Petroleum

Distillation

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	Asphalt - LoveToKnow 1911
		The asphalt of the Dead Sea (known as Lacus Asphaltites) received considerable notice from early travellers, and Diodorus the historian states that the inhabitants of the surrounding parts were accustomed to collect it for use in Egypt for embalming.
		The asphalt of Cuba is a well-known article of commerce, of which 7252 tons was exported to the United States in 1902.
		The material chiefly used in the construction of asphalt roadways is an asphaltic or bituminous limestone found in the Val de Travers, canton of Neuchatel; in the neighbourhood of Seyssel, department of Ain; at Limmer, near the city of Hanover; and elsewhere.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Asphalt (662 words)

	Asphalt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Asphalt is sometimes confused with tar, which is an artificial material produced by the destructive distillation of organic matter.
		Asphalt can be separated from the other components in crude oil (such as naphtha, gasoline and diesel) by the process of fractional distillation, usually under vacuum conditions.
		Asphalt rotary dryers are normally constructed of carbon steel and have a soil discharge temperature of 300 to 600 degrees F. Typically, asphalt plant aggregate dryers are identical to countercurrent rotary desorbers described above and are effective on the same types of contaminants.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Asphalt (3690 words)

	Materials - Asphalt
		Asphalt binders are typically categorized by one or more shorthand grading systems according to their physical characteristics.
		Emulsified asphalt is a suspension of small asphalt cement globules in water, which is assisted by an emulsifying agent (such as soap).
		Foamed asphalt can be used as a binder in soil or base course stabilization, and is often used as the stabilizing agent in cold in-place recycling (CIPR).
	www.hawaiiasphalt.com /HAPI/modules/05_materials/05_asphalt.htm (1477 words)

	WHAT'S THAT STUFF? - Asphalt
		Asphalts normally contain between 5 and 25% by weight of asphaltenes and may be regarded as colloids of asphaltene micelles dispersed in maltenes.
		The adhesion of asphalt to aggregate is also thought to depend on the polar attraction between molecules in asphalt and the polar surfaces of aggregates.
		Asphalts also lose their plasticity and therefore harden and crack or crumble when they lose their more volatile lower molecular weight constituents or when these constituents are oxidized.
	pubs.acs.org /cen/whatstuff/stuff/7747scit6.html (835 words)

	History of Asphalt
		Asphalt occurs naturally in both asphalt lakes and in rock asphalt (a mixture of sand, limestone, and asphalt).
		Refined petroleum asphalts, used initially as an additive to soften the natural asphalt for handling and placing, made an appearance in the mid-1870s and slowly gained acceptance.
		While some asphalt producers tried to develop portable machines, and others turned to units mounted on railroad cars, most production facilities were costly and cumbersome, limiting the areas in which HMA was readily available.
	www.hotmix.org /history.php (2443 words)

	Asphalt, Recycled
		Asphalt paving contractors typically use up to 20 percent recycled material in mixes, although mechanisms are not yet in place to measure and report the level of recycled material used.
		Asphalt concrete planings or old asphalt concrete utilized in the production of asphalt concrete shall be sized prior to entering the mixer so that a uniform and thoroughly mixed asphalt concrete is produced in the mixer.
		If there is evidence of the old asphalt concrete not breaking down during the heating and mixing of the asphalt concrete, the Engineer may elect to modify the maximum size entering the mixer.
	www.metrokc.gov /procure/green/asphalt.htm (2213 words)

	NJDEP - DSHW Asphalt Millings
		Asphalt millings used alone without a paved top surface have the potential to significantly migrate from the roadway through the actions of water, wind, and physical displacement and possibly contaminate surrounding soils and/or surface water sediments.
		Asphalt millings may be taken directly to and used by road asphalt manufacturing plants for direct incorporation into asphalt (bituminous concrete), pursuant to the recycling exemption for such use at N.J.A.C. 7:26A-1.4(a)1.
		Asphalt millings may be used to construct or repave needed roadway or vehicle use areas, such as parking lots, if such application is performed when the material is sufficiently hot to make the asphalt sufficiently pliable and adhesive to bind the asphalt millings particles on application.
	www.state.nj.us /dep/dshw/rrtp/asphalt.htm (1463 words)

	Asphalt concrete - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Asphalt concrete, normally known simply as asphalt, is a composite material commonly used for construction of pavement, highways and parking lots.
		Asphalt concrete that is removed from a pavement is usually stockpiled for later use as a base course material.
		Asphalt concrete pavements—especially those at airfields—are sometimes called tarmac for historical reasons, although they do not contain tar and are not constructed using the macadam process.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Asphalt_concrete (908 words)

	Materials - Asphalt
		"Asphalt" is a dark brown to fl, highly viscous, hydrocarbon produced from petroleum distillation residue.
		Increased adhesion between the asphalt binder and the aggregate in the presence of moisture.
		Foamed asphalt can be used as a binder in soil or base course stabilization, and is often used as the stabilizing agent in CIPR.
	www.asphaltwa.com /wapa_web/modules/03_materials/03_asphalt.htm (1359 words)

	WDNR - Asphalt Paving Business Sector
		The asphalt pavement production sector is the process of taking sand and aggregate and mixing it with asphalt or bitumen (the thick fl material left from distilling crude oil) to form hot bituminous concrete mixture that can be laid down as a smooth road surface.
		Although asphalt plants are often located in quarries, the quarry operation is not actually part of the asphalt production sector and the quarries may be under different owners and management.
		The asphalt is kept in a liquid state after being trucked into the site at 300 degrees in insulated tankers and stored in heated tanks.
	www.dnr.state.wi.us /org/caer/cea/assistance/asphalt/info.htm (862 words)

	ASPHALT
		From a modest beginning with the marketing of roll roofing in 1893, the asphalt roofing industry has grown steadily through the years to the point where today it is overwhelmingly accepted as the country’s leading supplier of roofing products.
		Asphalt roofing is estimated to be approximately a $12 billion industry.
		Most of the asphalt in the United States is used in paving (87 percent) or roofing (11 percent)...
	www.asphaltmagazine.com (154 words)

	FAQs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		The remaining five percent is Asphalt Cement, the fl liquid that acts as the glue to hold the pavement together.
		Asphalt Cement (AC) is a petroleum product generally obtained from the same refineries that produce gasoline for your car and heating oil for your house.
		Asphalt Cement is one of the heaviest, most viscous parts of petroleum.
	www.il-asphalt.org /faqs.html (987 words)

	Asphalt
		Asphalt plants mix gravel and sand with crude oil derivatives to make the asphalt used to pave roads, highways, and parking lots across the U.S. These plants release millions of pounds of chemicals to the air during production each year, including many cancer-causing toxic air pollutants such as arsenic, benzene, formaldehyde, and cadmium.
		These communities can band together to work with their county governments to prevent new asphalt plants from being located in their neighborhoods and prevent existing plants from renewing their permits until further evaluation of public health risks are conducted.
		Communities faced with an asphalt plant proposal should push for setbacks from residences and community buildings, site specific health-based air pollution modeling and monitoring, enclosures for loading zones, and preferably a zero emissions asphalt plant, with total containment of air pollutants.
	www.besafenet.com /Asphalt.htm (1849 words)

	ADOTs Quiet Roads: What is rubberized asphalt?
		So rubberized asphalt can only be applied in the Spring and Fall in the Phoenix area – from March 15th to May 31st, and from September 1st to November 15th.
		The earliest use of rubberized asphalt by the city was in 1964, when it was incorporated into the “chip seal” program for city streets.
		A rubberized asphalt chip seal – which used a mixture of rubberized asphalt and gravel –; was applied to Indian School Road from Central Avenue to 7th Street in 1971 as a temporary measure.
	www.azdot.gov /Highways/EEG/QuietRoads/what_is_rubberized_asphalt.asp (690 words)

	Stormwater \| Porous Asphalt
		Although the area is naturally prone to sinkholes, far fewer sinkholes have occurred in the porous asphalt areas than in the conventional asphalt areas, which the site manager attributes to the broad and even distribution of stormwater over the large areas under the porous pavement parking bays.
		With fewer fines, the asphalt is porous and allows water to drain though the material through virtually imperceptible openings (to the untrained eye, porous pavement properly prepared is difficult to distinguish from conventional pavement).
		Finally, we have avoided the use of porous asphalt in areas where the pavement is likely to be coated or paved over because of a lack of awareness, such as individual home driveways.
	www.forester.net /sw_0305_porous.html (4046 words)

	Asphalt Paving Phoenix Arizona : ABC Asphalt
		ABC Asphalt is a Phoenix based Asphalt paving and servicing company with 20 years of experience serving the valley's asphalt paving and servicing needs.
		Asphalt repair is available since sooner or later cracks will appear in an asphalt surface...
		Asphalt sealer replaces the materials that are worn from the asphalt surfaces through...
	abcasphaltcompany.com (163 words)

	Asphalt: Urban GT for N-Gage Review - N-Gage Asphalt: Urban GT Review
		Asphalt's production is a little uneven in spots, but it gets enough of it right that, in the end, the experience is pretty enjoyable.
		Asphalt delivers some of the best 3D to be seen on the N-Gage.
		Asphalt aims for a simple, arcade-inspired design ethic, and this is very much apparent in the game's controls, which consist simply of gas, brake, and turbo-boost buttons.
	www.gamespot.com /ngage/driving/highgear/review.html (1416 words)

	Wisconsin Demo Explores In-place Asphalt Rehabilitation
		Expanded asphalt technology is being developed and supplied to the industry by CMI Corp., Oklahoma City, Okla., and now promises to save millions of dollars for America's road rehabilitation programs.
		The existing asphalt pavement was pulverized to a depth of 5 to 6 in.
		Liquid asphalt at about 300 deg F was pumped from an insulated tanker through the reactor tube, where 1% water was added to the AC content.
	roadsbridges.com /rb/.../19935319/fuseaction/showArticle/articleID/737 (1514 words)

	www.myspace.com/asphalt
		Asphalt (the band not the tar) has been Orlando, FL's own hijacked driver through the dizzying miles of unlikely metal inspiration that mix and bubble in the flness of the a fresh vat of asphalt.
		A little over a year ago, Asphalt coagulated when the angst and volume of hardcore stoner metal found its way from New York to Florida and did it in the backseat with the chunky smoothness of southern rock while the bass lines of funk provided the groove of their union somewhere deep in swamps.
		If they keep this momentum up, Asphalt will be hitting the road and delivering their heavy-hitting, stinky, grimy version of rock and roll that will leave you as dizzy, and possibly as beat-up, as a highway mirage on a hot Florida day.
	www.myspace.com /asphalt (897 words)

	Asphalt
		Asphalt sealers are important to the length of life of your driveway.
		Installation during the hot, dry summer is the best weather for the asphalt and chips to adhere, and a standard air blower removes debris without removing the chips.
		Asphalt sealers need to be applied within the first year and then whenever the fltop begins to wear.
	www.askthebuilder.com /AsphaltBlacktop.shtml (1011 words)

	Safety and Health Topics: Asphalt Fumes - Possible Solutions
		Asphalt fume samples were collected on a PTFE filter backed by an XAD-2 sorbent tube, extracted with hexane, and prepared to isolate the PACs from the polar and aliphatic compounds.
		Asphalt fume emissions were below current NIOSH recommended exposure limits or other relevant criteria, however during the CRM asphalt paving, the workers reported an eight-fold increase in the number of health symptoms and a 14-fold increase in symptoms per hours, compared with conventional asphalt.
		Based on the sample analysis, NIOSH concluded that a significant asphalt fume hazard did not exist for the employees of the medical center; however, headaches, coughing, and hoarseness reported by employees are consistent with exposure to asphalt fumes.
	www.osha.gov /SLTC/asphaltfumes/solutions.html (886 words)

	Asphalt Shingles
		Asphalt shingles are economical and versatile, which may be why they represent more than 80 percent of the roofing market.
		Both are made with asphalt, but fiberglass shingles use a fiberglass reinforcing mat, while the organic kind use a cellulose-fiber mat derived from wood.
		While asphalt shingles come with warranties ranging from 20 to as long as 45 years, roofers and builders remain skeptical of those warranties.
	bobvila.com /HowTo_Library/Asphalt_Shingles-Asphalt_Shingles-A1464.html (790 words)

	WAPA - Washington Asphalt Pavement Association
		The Washington Asphalt Pavement Association (WAPA) and its Website, www.asphaltwa.com is your source for information on the asphalt industry in Washington State and across the country.
		WAPA is an asphalt paving industry association that represents nearly all hot mix asphalt producers in Washington State.
		Formed in 1954, its mission is to further the use and quality of hot mix asphalt pavements through communication, research, education, and innovative design, specifications and construction, and ethical conduct.
	www.asphaltwa.com /index.htm (158 words)

	IGN: Asphalt: Urban GT Preview
		Asphalt: Urban GT Hands-on with Gameloft's surprisingly pretty street racer for N-Gage.
		September 21, 2004 - Asphalt: Urban GT is developer Gameloft's first street racer for the N-Gage.
		Asphalt looks very promising, most notably because it's the first racer I've played on N-Gage that doesn't feel limited with respect to the field of vision.
	ngage.ign.com /articles/549/549984p1.html (460 words)

	Colorado Asphalt Pavement Association - Colorado, Asphalt Pavement, Pavement, Asphalt, Association, roads, road, CDOT, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Asphalt pavement provides a smooth, flexible, long lasting surface preferred by the outdoor enthusiast for recreational purposes and for use as a means of transportation and links to public transportation centers.
		A cost comparison of asphalt versus concrete is included as well as information on the advantages of using asphalt pavement.
		Properly designed asphalt pavements provide user friendly, cost effective, long lasting bike paths and trails which enable the public to use a surface which is smooth, quiet and safe.
	www.co-asphalt.com /advantage/paths/trails.cfm (541 words)

	ASPHALT ANSWERS
		The stage extraction of aged asphalt binder in the RAP particles indicated a nonuniform consistency or viscosity distribution.
		When an AC-2.5 asphalt cement was added to the RAP, it softened the two outer microlayers of the asphalt binder film and restored them to the AC-20 asphalt cement specification range.
		One factor often overlooked, is that a substantial portion of the asphalt binder in the RAP is contained in the fine aggregate and is readily available for rejuvenation as soon as the RAP is heated and becomes loose.
	roadsbridges.com /rb/.../37452070/fuseaction/showArticle/articleID/1184 (413 words)

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