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Topic: Assertion (computing)

	C# Station: Assertions
		Assertions should almost never be used to detect situations that arise during software's normal operation.
		An “assertion failure” is said to occur when an assertion detects that its condition is false and takes appropriate action, such as throwing an exception.
		But for some release builds it makes sense to have assertions on, especially when developers have a close relationship to the environment in which the released product is being used, or when developers run with assertions on all the time, as many developers do.
	www.csharp-station.com /Articles/Assertions.aspx (2431 words)

	Assertion (computing) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Assertions can be a form of documentation: they can describe the state part of the code expects to find before it runs (its preconditions), and the state the code expects to result in when it is finished running (postconditions); they can also specify invariants of a class.
		An assertion may be used to verify that an assumption made by the programmer during the implementation of the program remains valid when the program is executed.
		Some people, however, object to the removal of assertions by citing an analogy that the execution with assertion in development stage and without it in practice is like practicing swimming in a pool with a lifeguard and then going swimming in the sea without a lifeguard.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Assertion_(computing) (1186 words)

	Assertion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Logical assertion -- logical assertion of a statement
		Assertions are also a kind of speech act.
		Assertion is the verbal skill of saying something so others can hear you clearly
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Assertion (110 words)

	[No title]
		We argue that the rise of computer technologies and networking is due to collective action similar to that of other social movements, such as the environmental movement, the antitobacco movement, the movement against drinking and driving, or the woman's movement, for example.
		Computer networks are central to utopian accounts of the next wave of human culture where much of life is spent on-line.
		Computing activists such as John Perry Barlow and Mitch Kapor have framed the technical, political and policy issues involved so that its use is seen as potentially dangerous to privacy rights and other civil liberties.
	www.eff.org /Net_culture/Infotopia/tech_utopia.paper (7640 words)

	Peter’s Programming Assertions
		And because assertions can be "compiled out" of your code (I'll show you how to do this in C and Pascal later), assertions only slow down your beta versions so you are free to use lots of them.
		Assertions exist to detect programatical errors, they are not useful for detecting real life error conditions like disk or network errors - errors such as these must be detected, handled and reported by error checking code that remains in the shipping version and that reports to the user in a helpful manner.
		However, since computing the assertion condition may be computationally expensive and since it does not in any way affect the execution of the program, it is desirable to have them automatically removed from your code before you ship the final version.
	www.peter.com.au /programming/assertions (2184 words)

	Whitepapers
		Assertions will detect design errors as soon as they occur without waiting for the effects to be propagated to the device or system boundaries.
		Assertions go one step further by documenting exactly what the code is expected to do in a way that can be verified using tools instead of a human reading the comments and attempting to understand if the code is working correctly.
		Assertion Processor allows engineers to maintain the use of assertions from simulation to simulation acceleration and into emulation without being forced to remove them or execute assertion detection in software simulation.
	www.verisity.com /resources/whitepaper/assertion.html (3710 words)

	Object Computing, Inc. - Java News Brief - April 2002
		The new assertion facility is simple to use and can greatly increase software reliability by allowing developers to easily declare acceptable program behavior to help detect bugs early in the development process.
		Assertions may be disabled at runtime, effectively removing any performance hit due to their use at runtime.
		Therefore, it is not proper to use assertions to validate the arguments passed to a method.
	www.ociweb.com /jnb/jnbApr2002.html (1483 words)

	iAnywhere.com - Technotes - "I've got an assertion! What should I do?"
		The assertion number and message are important in attempting to determine the cause of the assertion.
		The first step in recovering from an assertion failure that is caused by table corruption is to determine the table or tables that have corruption.
		If the assertion is a result of a bug in the software related to the version of the software used to create the database, potentially the problem has been resolved.
	www.ianywhere.com /developer/technotes/assertion.html (3662 words)

	Assertion Extensions for JUnit
		However, these assertions are limited to primitive operations, such as "assert equal on two variables" and "assert not null on a reference variable." The primitive JUnit assertions are useful, but they don't represent the many complex assertion abilities you need in real-world software unit-testing scenarios.
		Assertion Extensions for JUnit (JUnitX), an extensions package for the JUnit framework, is available for download from alphaWorks (see Resources).
		Using JUnit to make the assertion that you've adhered to them would require you to develop complex unit-test cases, which are prone to error.
	www.ibm.com /developerworks/library/j-unitx/index.html?ca=drs-j1005 (1554 words)

	Keynote Assertions
		Assertions are widely used in the software industry today, primarily to detect, diagnose and classify programming errors during test.
		Failure of an assertion triggers a dump of the program state, to be analysed by the programmer on the following morning.
		Assertions are also used to advantage by program analysis tools like PREfix [23]; this is being developed within Microsoft, for application to the maintenance of legacy code.
	research.microsoft.com /~thoare/6Jun_assertions_personal_perspective.htm (8777 words)

	alphaWorks : Assertion Extensions for JUnit : Overview
		Assertion Extensions for JUnit (JUnitX) is a set of assertion extensions that attempts to cover the most common test scenarios in Java
		In order to make this last assertion, the developer typically must write the source code to determine if each method contract has been met and then use JUnit to assert true that the contract is met using the source code just written.
		The problem with this approach is that the code for determining whether the method contract is met is relatively complex and it is just as error-prone as meeting the method contract itself.
	www.alphaworks.ibm.com /tech/junitx (760 words)

	Standardizing Authentication Using the Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) - News - Network Computing
		If a user requests authorization to a human resources application, for instance, the assertion says whether he was allowed or denied the request, and the scope of the his privileges.
		If he requests authentication to the network or an application, the assertion specifies the method of authentication and the date and time he was authenticated.
		SAML attribute assertions let you authorize users to access certain information in an application based on their "VIP-Status" or "Member_Level." (For more on assertions, see "The Three As").
	www.networkcomputing.com /showitem.jhtml?articleID=15700059&pgno=1 (826 words)

	Computing Languages List
		The language was further extended to use computational reflection to manage distributed computing and other language extensions in a way that is as seamless as possible to the user.
		The algorithmic language has three different kinds of representations- reference, hardware, and publication, and the development described is in terms of the language are represented by a given set of symbols and it is only in the choice of symbols that the other two representations may differ.
		Dijkstra observed in "selected Writings on Computing", "It is practically impossible to teach good programming style to students that have had prior exposure to BASIC: as potential programmers they are mentally mutilated beyond all hope of regeneration".
	www.hypernews.org /HyperNews/get/computing/lang-list.html?nogifs (17532 words)

	Requiem for the Corporate PC
		Computing resources -- from processing power to storage capacity to applications -- can increasingly be provisioned to users from afar.
		To gain economies of scale, companies are consolidating their hardware and software assets in central data centers or even renting the capabilities they need from far-flung utility suppliers.
		Unlike in the home, where the PC is the engine of computing, in business it's just a cog -- and not even a particularly important one anymore.
	www.businessweek.com /technology/content/jan2005/tc20050119_5359.htm (998 words)

	Grid Computing by Nikita Ivanov
		Grid computing technology is in the midst of transition from one-off niche solutions to widely used paradigm in business applications.
		Likewise, in Grid Computing world the developer that writes the executable body of the task is usually responsible for the logic that defines where, when and how this task will be executed.
		Grid Computing is plagued by over-generalization, science fiction "specifications" produced by various consortiums (whose primary reason is to collect the membership fees from the companies that want to get marketing value off a joining such consortium or organization).
	jroller.com /page/nivanov (3777 words)

	Axis Systems Announces New Assertion Processing Technology that Accelerates Assertion Based Verification
		Assertion Processor accelerates assertion-based verification by 1000 times or more, and is expected to increase designers' confidence that design flaws will be found before a chip is manufactured.
		Assertions pin-point design errors and VoD provides the most efficient way to produce waveforms starting at the point of assertion failure and working back to the root cause of the problem without having to rerun simulation.
		Assertion Processor technology is available now, and is currently being used by Axis and its partners to provide integrated assertion solutions for Axis' Xtreme and Xtreme II verification systems.
	www.us.design-reuse.com /news/news3758.html (1245 words)

	Formal methods
		In computer science, Abstract interpretation is a theory of sound approximation of the semantics of computer programs, based on monotonic functions over ordered sets, especially lattices.
		In theoretical computer science a bisimulation is an equivalence relation between state transition systems, associating systems which behave in the same way in the sense that one system simulates the other and vice-versa.
		In computer science, denotational semantics is an approach to formalizing the semantics of computer systems by constructing mathematical objects (called denotations or meanings) which express the semantics of these systems.
	www.shortopedia.com /F/O/Formal_methods (1178 words)

	Effortless (or Better!) Bug Detection with PHP Assertions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Assertions can be used to check the validity of parameters passed to a routine.
		If it's turned on and there's a problem executing the assertion you wrote, perhaps because of a syntax error or because you called a function that doesn't exist, PHP won't tell you, and your application may behave strangely or halt when it reaches that assertion.
		The basic idea is to write a PHP assertion handler that sends results to the Assertion Reporter, and to register the handler as the PHP assertion callback.
	www.sitepoint.com /print/bug-detection-php-assertions (2441 words)

	J2SE 1.4 premieres Java's assertion capabilities, Part 1 - Java World
		Assertions have been in the software engineering canon for many years, most notably as the centerpiece of the Design by Contract facility that Bertrand Meyer built into his Eiffel programming language.
		Assertions were actually part of Oak, an early version of Java, but were jettisoned in a final push to get Java out of the lab and into the hands of Internet developers.
		I appreciate the pressure to preserve backward compatibility, but assertions prove too important to be relegated to a special, nondefault case.
	www.javaworld.com /javaworld/jw-11-2001/jw-1109-assert.html (1223 words)

	assertion Resources on TechRepublic
		Assertions have long been used to validate the functionality of software systems.
		This paper presents results on the problem of checking equality assertions in programs whose expressions have been abstracted using combination of linear arithmetic and uninterpreted functions, and whose conditionals are treated as non-deterministic.
		Basically, an assertion is a statement in the Java programming language that enables you to test your assumptions about a program.
	search.techrepublic.com.com /search/assertion.html (1414 words)

	Proposal: A Simple Assertion Facility For the Java™ Programming Language
		Each class loader maintains a default assertion status, a boolean value that determines whether assertions are, by default, enabled or disabled in new classes that are subsequently loaded by the class loader.
		Otherwise, the class's assertions are enabled or disabled as specified by its class loader's default assertion status.
		Further, it is highly desirable that the assertion facility require minimal change to existing JVM implementations and no change to the class file format.
	jcp.org /aboutJava/communityprocess/jsr/asrt_prop.html (2170 words)

	Schematron
		The Schematron is a language system for specifying and declaring assertions about arbitrary patterns in XML documents, based on the presence or absense, names and values of elements and attributes along paths.
		Schematron does not specify any actions: it only allows assertions to be tested, for the parts of assertions to be given roles, for the assertions to be grouped into rules, for the rules to be grouped into patterns, and for the patterns to be activated in various phases.
		For better formating of assertion reports, these two elements may also have an icon attribute, which is the [URL] of a small image that may provide visual clues to a user.
	xml.ascc.net /resource/schematron/Schematron2000.html (6460 words)

	J2SE 1.4 premieres Java's assertion capabilities, Part 2 - Java World
		Assertions are a fairly simple construct added to the soon-to-be released J2SE (Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition) 1.4.
		As a basic description, an assertion specifies a boolean-typed expression a developer explicitly demands must be true at a specific point of program execution.
		I also show the Java assertion facility to be but a small step toward a more complete and formal approach to reliability in software development known as Design by Contract.
	www.javaworld.com /javaworld/jw-12-2001/jw-1214-assert.html (900 words)

	Grid Computing Group at UVa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Grid Computing is wide-area computing across multiple administrative domains.
		From Legion to Legion-G to OGSI.NET: Object-based Computing for Grids.
		In 2nd International Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Computing Issues in Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing (associated with IPDPS 2002), Ft. Lauderdale, April 19, 2002.
	www.cs.virginia.edu /~humphrey/GCG.html (861 words)

	SC\|05 - Schedule Event Details
		Advances in network technology and computing power have inspired the emergence of high-performance cluster computing systems.
		M-cube is built on top of Myrinet since it is regarded as one of the best solutions for high-performance networks and is widely used in cluster computing systems.
		Experimental results substantiate our assertion that M-cube can be a good candidate for practically deployable fault-tolerant systems in a very large and high performance Myrinet cluster, and its protocol can be applied to a wide variety of parallel communication libraries without difficulty.
	sc05.supercomputing.org /schedule/event_detail.php?evid=5137 (218 words)

	Debunking SAML myths and misunderstandings
		As an example, consider the SAML assertion mechanism that is used to encode a request for authorization into an XML request.
		Additionally, SAML provides a digital signature mechanism that enables the assertion to have a validity time range to prevent assertions from being replayed later.
		It is possible to get SAML to handle anonymous or guest access, but this requires that the participating enterprises agree to their own convention for anonymous or guest authorized access.
	www-106.ibm.com /developerworks/xml/library/x-samlmyth.html (2222 words)

	Techworld.com - Microsoft preps security protocol for grid computing
		Online auctioneer eBay, which exploits a massive computing grid to power its site, is one example of a successful implementation and was the topic of a Tuesday keynote at the conference.
		But that point at which companies attempt to expand their use of grid computing is also where they often run into headaches, said another panelist.
		Anti-virus technology fails to prevent computers from virus infections.
	www.techworld.com /news/index.cfm?RSS&NewsID=6875 (1042 words)

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