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Topic: Assistant Referee Football

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	Assistant referee -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Two assistant referees (previously known as linesmen) assist the ((sports) the chief official (as in boxing or American football) who is expected to ensure fair play) referee in controlling an (additional info and facts about Association football (soccer)) Association football (soccer) match.
		The assistant referees also usually assist the referee with preparatory and administrative functions.
		An assistant referee indicates matters to the referee, which the referee may then act upon; they do not actually make binding decisions.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/as/assistant_referee.htm (162 words)

	Referee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		An association football (soccer) match is presided over by a referee, whom the Laws of the Game give "full authority to enforce the Laws of the Game in connection with the match to which he has been appointed" (Law 5).
		The referee is assisted by two assistant referees, and sometimes also by a fourth official.
		An American football referee is responsible for the general supervision of the game and has the final authority on all rulings.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/R/Referee.htm (640 words)

	Soccer News of Tuesday, 8 January 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Italian assistant referee, Puglisi, who was accused of racially abusing Appiah was not invited.
		January 4 -- Football assistant referee Claudio Puglisi was Friday reported to the professional game's disciplinary body by the Italian Football Federation's (FIGC) sporting prosecutor for alleged racism.
		Puglisi, who is set to be an assistant referee at the World Cup finals, was reported for remarks allegedly made to Parma's Ghanaian player Stephen Appiah during the match with Atalanta on December 15.
	www.ghanaweb.com /GhanaHomePage/soccer/artikel.php?ID=20675 (161 words)

	REFEREE (FOOTBALL) WEALTHY AND WISE FACT FINDER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Referees officiating adult competitive international games are required to be selected from the FIFA panel of referees; this restriction does not necessarily apply to non-competitive (so-called friendly) games or youth games.
		Today, in many amateur football matches, each side will still supply their own partisan linesman to assist the neutral referee (if any) appointed by the governing football association: this is usually due to there not being enough officials available to have three present at every match.
		Referees use a whistle to indicate the commencement of play, to stop play due to an infringement of other reason, to indicate half-time and full-time, and as an adjunct to verbal communication in other situations.
	www.boostmoney.com /referee_(football) (506 words)

	Ken Aston Referee Society -:- Body Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		On indicating goal kicks, another alternative is for Assistant Referees to stand on the touch line adjacent to the level of the goal area line, turn your body so that it is facing towards the half way line and leave your flag pointing downwards tight to the leg that is facing the field of play.
		Assistant Referees can during the game, also use a combination of both flag signals and/or body language to indicate to the Referee whether a goal-kick or a corner-kick should be given.
		Assistant Referee uses fingers outstretched downwards along the outside of the shorts or on his shirt to indicate to the Referee 1,2,3,4,or 5 minutes remaining in the half.
	www.kenaston.org /management/BodyLanguage.htm (4685 words)

	Soccer Referee Uniforms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Isn't that implying that the assistant referees are expected to be biased, which doesn't sound like the case, even in amateur matches.
		The referee has "full authority to enforce the Laws of the Game in connection with the match to which he has been appointed" (Law 5), and the referee's decisions regarding facts connected with play are final, so far as the result of the game is concerned.
		Referees officiating adult competitive international games are required to be selected from the FIFA panel of referees; this restriction does not neccessarily apply to non-competitive (so-called friendly) games or youth games.
	www.blownspeakers.com /pages3/82/soccer-referee-uniforms.html (710 words)

	Football hazy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Assistant referees (as they are properly known) viewing play from certain angles inevitably make mistakes when deciding if players are offside, say Raôul R. Oudejans and colleagues from Vrije University, the Netherlands.
		Assistant referees from the Dutch professional football league incorrectly judged 40 of 200 potential offside scenarios staged by Oudejans' team.
		Football fans the world over will no doubt admire the sentiment but continue to believe that referees (and more often the players) don't always do what they are trained to do.
	www.nature.com /nsu_new/000302/000302-10.html (622 words)

	Massachusetts State Referee Committee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Assistant referees, in the European Pro leagues,always used letters on advertising boards or objects in the crowd, on the opposite side of the pitch.
		The system consists of a series of prismatic lights that are visible only to the assistant referee when he or she is positioned directly opposite the light itself.
		The lights give the assistant referee a perpendicular guide, to aid their positioning.Tests in Norway (the country where the new system was designed) have shown that the system can reduce errors in offside decisions, by as much as 50%.
	www.massref.net /ins0902b.shtml (707 words)

	Assistant referee - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Two assistant referees (previously known as linesmen) assist the referee in controlling an Association football (soccer) match.
		An assistant referee indicates matters to the referee (usually initially by raising his flag), which the referee may then act upon; they do not actually make binding decisions.
		The three match officials on the field usually position themselves according to the diagonal system of control.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Assistant_Referee_(Football) (152 words)

	Assistant Referee Tips (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		An Assistant Referee automatically makes these eye movements when he transfers his focus from the player who makes the pass, to the active offside zone where the ball is expected to travel.
		Assistant Referees should therefore not solely rely on the sound of the ball being kicked as a measure for judging offside.
		The Referee should be true to his colleagues, and not use them as a 'scapegoat' by making it look as though they (the Assistant Referee) made the decision and not the Referee.
	www.carosi.freeserve.co.uk /corshamreferee/assistme.htm (2162 words)

	Ken Aston Referee Society -=\|=- Soccer - A Guide for Co-Operation between Referees' & Club Linesmen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Club Assistant Referees' role is one of 'assistance', and not one of undue intervention or opposition to the Referee.
		Once the Referee has given the Club Assistant Referees their instructions, they will want to feel as though they have some responsibility, and the Referee throughout the game must convey this to them by acknowledging their help with a nod, a thumbs up, a smile or verbal comment.
		Referees’ are therefore encouraged to arrive at the ground in plenty of time to complete their field of play inspection, and to brief both Club Assistants.
	www.kenaston.org /LAWS/LAW-CO-OP.htm (5103 words)

	Powers & Duties of Soccer Ref
		The Referee may decide (in so far as this may be his responsibility) to allow or not to allow any persons (including team or stadium officials, security officers, photographers or other media representatives) to be present in the vicinity of the field of play.
		The referee may change a decision on realizing that it is incorrect or, at his discretion, on the advice of an assistant referee, provided that he has not restarted play.
		The referee disciplines a player who commits a cautionable or sending-off offense, either on or off the field of play, whether directed towards an opponent, a team-mate, the referee, an assistant referee or any other person, according to the nature of the offense committed.
	home.att.net /~JKGordon/refs_powers_and_duties.htm (2177 words)

	CNN.com - New milestone for women in football - January 3, 2002
		Domenech, 25, qualified to referee women's FIFA matches on January 1 and is one of a growing number of female referees in soccer around the world.
		In 1999, she officiated a Nationwide Conference match between Kidderminster and Nuneaton with two female assistant referees, the first time in the senior professional game that all three officials were women.
		She also acted as an assistant referee in the 2000 Worthington Cup final at Wembley and at two matches in the Sydney Olympics in 2000.
	archives.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/europe/01/03/spain.football (415 words)

	Faq (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		If you are interested in becoming a football referee, here are some answers to questions that you may be asking yourself.
		Referees are needed at all ages and all levels.
		Time would be spent as an assistant referee in each league before you are appointed to its referees list.
	www.boltonreferees.fsnet.co.uk /faq.htm (637 words)

	Region 13 Referee Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		All of us on the Referee staff look forward to an exciting season and would be happy for you to join us on the field and volunteer as a referee this year.
		For those interested in joining the referee ranks, the required training consists of either a basic, half-day course for those wishing to referee in the U6/U8 division, or a full-day course that is designed for individuals refereeing in the U10 division or higher.
		For those experienced referees seeking to upgrade their badge to either the Intermediate or Advanced level, we encourage you to take one of the Intermediate or Advanced Referee courses that are typically offered within Area 1C.
	www.aysoreg13.org /referee.php (1221 words)

	WAWSL :: Referee Information :: FAQ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Referee equipment can be found on-line at www.officialsports.com, but stay away from their "economy kit" because those materials are somewhat crappy.
		Referee equipment is also available at soccer supply stores around the Washington DC area.
		Our long-term goal is to have WAWSL players become center referees for our league, but you will not be asked to center a game until you are comfortable filling that role.
	www.wawsl.org /ref/ref_faq.htm (1146 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Two assistant referees are appointed whose duties, subject to the decision of the referee are to include:-
		The assistant referees also assist the referee to control the match in accordance with the laws of t he game..In particular, they may enter the field of play to help control the 9.15m distance.
		In the event undue interference or improper conduct, the referee will relieve an assistant referee of his duties and make a report to the appropriate authorities.
	clevedontownjuniorfc.co.uk /page38.html (180 words)

	maltafootball.com - February 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Referee Paul Caruana awarded him a yellow card as he assumed the player was wasting the time but a few seconds later, he collapsed to the ground.
		This is the biggest youth football tournament to be organised on the island and this year 800 athletes, together with match officials and club delegates will participate during the ten days of football.
		The committee of the Malta Football Referees Association issued a statement in which it congratulates FIFA Referee Adrian D. Casha, the present Hon Secretary, for being voted the National Sports Contest Official of the Year 2003, organised by the Sportswriters Association.
	www.maltafootball.com /archive/news/04feb.shtml (8284 words)

	San Francisco Cup - International Youth Soccer Tournament
		The annual Referee Symposium and Referee Field Clinic provide unique opportunities to learn from the most experienced referees in California North, the United States and the world.
		Referees should be dressed in yellow referee uniforms and bring all their gear to participate in the field clinics, ready to referee.
		He was also named Major League Soccer Referee of the Year in 1997, and is the only referee to have officiated the triple crown of U.S. Open Cup, MLS and A-League Finals all in the same year.
	www.sfcup.com /referees/sympos.lasso (822 words)

	BBC Sport Academy \| Football \| Rules \| Offside on the nearside
		The position where the assistant holds his flag makes it clear to the referee, players and spectators which player is being penalised for offside.
		If a player on the side of the pitch nearest to the assistant is deemed to be offside then the flag is pointed down towards the ground in front of the body.
		The assistant referee will hold the flag out with an outstretched arm at shoulder height.
	news.bbc.co.uk /sportacademy/hi/sa/football/rules/newsid_3637000/3637551.stm (170 words)

	Football hazy - for printer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		John Baker, head of refereeing at England's Football Association, is not surprised by these results.
		"So we train assistant referees to line up where they stand with the second last defender and to use them as a point of reference.
		Oudejans, R. D., Verheijen, R., Bakker, F. C., Gerrits, J. C., Steinbrückner, M. and Beek, P. Errors in judging 'offside' in football.
	www.nature.com /nsu_new/nsu_pf/000302/000302-10.html (622 words)

	FIFA.com The Official web site of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association
		Shah Alam, 15 June 1997 - The referee at each of the 52 matches of the FIFA World Youth Championship for the Coca-Cola Cup will be linked to their assistants on the touchline by the pulser system which is now used at all FIFA tournament matches.
		If the assistant referee spots an incident behind the referee's back, or of his wishes to attract the referee's attention for any other reason (e.g.
		An acoustic signal (whistle) is released and an impulse sent to a strap on the referee's arm, which causes a vibration, thus attracting the referee's attention.
	www.fifa.com /en/media/index/0,1369,1040,00.html (204 words)

	RAF Active - Football Fanatic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Well, one RAF football referee, Cpl Darren Drysdale of RAF Odiham, has been closer than many to this sensation, when he was appointed as an Assistant Referee at last season's final between Chelsea and Aston Villa.
		Initially, you must attend a Potential Referees course, where you would be taught the basics of the '17 Laws of Association Football'.
		However, the RAF refereeing community would not just leave it at that; at most units there would be a senior referee who would be able to give you any assistance that you need, from kit supplies to writing misconduct reports.
	www.raf.mod.uk /rafactive/footballfanatic-ed12.htm (466 words)

	Football (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Football, known as the “King of Sports”, is the most popular sport in the world.
		A Football game is played by two teams of eleven players each including the goalkeeper.
		A referee presides over a game and is in charge of implementing the Football rules. Two assistant referees moving along the two touch lines of the field of play facilitate the referee’s task.
	www.athens2004.com /athens2004/page/legacy?lang=en&cid=95ca470429149f00VgnVCMServer28130b0aRCRD (343 words)

	WAWSL :: Referee Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		All Saturday division teams from the premier, first and 2A divisions must provide at least one certified referee (or assistant referee) for at least 5 WAWSL games.
		All referees must be certified as a Grade 8 referee with the US Soccer Federation, which requires taking a 16-hour class.
		In their defense, referee assignors spend a lot of time begging referees to fill games, and it's a tough job.
	wawsl.org /ref (229 words)

	Malta Football Awards (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The main aim of the Football Awards is to give personal recognition to players whom might not have been in the limelight all throughout the previous Premier League.
		The 1st edition of the Westin Malta Football Awards held in 2002 included these three awards but these were only three amongst many.
		In the second edition, held in 2003, there was the inclusion of two new categories - the award for the best assistant referee and the award for the best goal.
	www.maltafootball.com /awards/about.shtml (245 words)

	MDCVSRP
		Individuals interested in holding the position must have a minimum State Level referee experience, should possess administrative abilities and preferably be a referee instructor.
		On page 21, the assessment criteria for upgrade to State Referee, Grade 5, should read: Pass two field assessments as referee and one as assistant referee in affiliated top adult Division 1 leagues or higher (the underlined portion was omitted in the print copy).
		It is intended to provide information, in simple language, for the general use of the soccer family (fans and coaches) and not to replace the instruction that will normally be given to the referees who will be recertifying for 2006 and who will receive the the USSF Memorandum.
	vadcsoccerref.com (741 words)

	Guardian Unlimited Football \| News \| Referee admits error
		The referee whose linesman failed to spot Alan Shearer "scoring" for Newcastle on Saturday conceded yesterday that the ball was probably over the line.
		Phil Dowd also warned of further goalline controversies to come until football introduces technology as an aid to officials.
		Fifa is experimenting with a microchip ball in the hope of introducing the innovation at the 2006 World Cup and Dowd added: "Anyone who knows the game would feel sympathy for him [the assistant referee Andy Williams].
	football.guardian.co.uk /News_Story/0,1563,1593951,00.html (126 words)

	The OFFICIAL SOCCER SITE - Soccer Law 6 The Assistant Referees (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Two assistant referees are appointed whose duties, subject to the decision of the referee, are to indicate:
		when offences have been committed whenever the assistants are closer to the action than the referee (this includes, in particular circumstances, offences committed in the penalty area)
		The assistant referees also assist the referee to control the match in accordance with the Laws of the Game.
	www.drblank.com /slaw6.htm (231 words)

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