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Topic: The Associative Model of Data

	Associative model of data - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Other data models, such as the relational model and the object data model are record-based.
		The granularity at which data is represented is similar to schemes presented by Chen (Entity-relationship model); Bracchi, Paolini and Pelagatti (Binary Relations); and Senko (The Entity Set Model).
		The Associative Model of Data By Simon Williams
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Associative_model_of_data (465 words)

	Data Modeling: Entity-Relationship Model
		Simply stated the ER model is a conceptual data model that views the real world as entities and relationships.
		In addition, the model can be used as a design plan by the database developer to implement a data model in a specific database management software.
		Associative entities (also known as intersection entities) are entities used to associate two or more entities in order to reconcile a many-to-many relationship.
	www.utexas.edu /its/windows/database/datamodeling/dm/erintro.html (1640 words)

	Agile/Evolutionary Data Modeling: From Domain Modeling to Physical Modeling
		The initial domain model will be used to help guide both the physical data model as well as the class design, potentially captured via a UML class diagram (the class design is out of scope for this article).
		Data professionals will introduce associative tables to their designs quite naturally, and similarly Java programmers will add collections to their business classes quite naturally, but each group may not be familiar with the techniques of the other group.
		Data migration is an important part of implement most structural database refactorings, and database refactoring is a critical activity which supports evolutionary database development, so you'd better get good at it.
	www.agiledata.org /essays/agileDataModeling.html (4042 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for associative
		associative law in mathematics, law holding that for a given operation combining three quantities, two at a time, the initial pairing is arbitrary; e.g., using the operation of addition, the numbers 2, 3, and 4 may be combined (2+3)+4=5+4=9 or 2+(3+4)=2+7=9.
		Associative polymer/latex dispersion phase diagrams II: HASE thickeners.
		Interactions of associative thickeners with paint components as studied by the use of fluorescently labeled model thickener.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=associative (711 words)

	Introduction to Physical Data Model (PDM)s
		Data modeling is the act of exploring data-oriented structures.
		Physical data modeling is conceptually similar to design class modeling, the goal being to design the internal schema of a database, depicting the data tables, the data columns of those tables, and the relationships between the tables.
		Data normalization is a process in which data attributes within a data model are organized to increase the cohesion of tables and to reduce the coupling between tables.
	www.agilemodeling.com /artifacts/physicalDataModel.htm (1773 words)

	Database Models: Hierarcical, Network, Relational, Object-Oriented, Semistructured, Associative and Context.
		The employee and children data forms a hierarchy, where the employee data represents the parent segment and the children data represents the child segment.
		In semistructured data model, the information that is normally associated with a schema is contained within the data, which is sometimes called ``self-describing''.
		Associations are things whose existence depends on one or more other things, such that if any of those things ceases to exist, then the thing itself ceases to exist or becomes meaningless.
	unixspace.com /context/databases.html (2376 words)

	Data Modeling 101
		They don’t need to be experts at data modeling, but they should be prepared to be involved in the creation of such a model, be able to read an existing data model, understand when and when not to create a data model, and appreciate fundamental data design techniques.
		An enterprise data model is one of several views that your organization’s enterprise architects may choose to maintain and support – other views may explore your network/hardware infrastructure, your organization structure, your software infrastructure, and your business processes (to name a few).
		Data normalization is a process in which data attributes within a data model are organized to increase the cohesion of entity types.
	www.agiledata.org /essays/dataModeling101.html (5067 words)

	Teradata Magazine \| Data-modeling process for Enterprise Data Warehouse
		The modelers look for literal model objects in the requirements model that could be replaced with abstract model objects in the logical data model.
		The framework data model is used in planning and coordinating the efforts of the individual development projects that build various subject areas of the enterprise data warehouse.
		It is based on the logical data model, but it may be denormalized somewhat to meet particular usage and performance requirements, and it may differ from the logical model in areas where the source database designs do not conform to the business rules and requirements.
	www.teradata.com /t/page/135378/index.html (2252 words)

	4 An Active Object-Oriented Data Model
		In this chapter, we will present the data model and related concepts that are used in the subsequent chapters.
		The trigger in the data model concerns the integrity maintenance among the uses.
		Integrating these three paradigms: the object-oriented data model, the active data model, and the relational data model for associative query capabilities, we prepare an object-oriented data model that supports active facilities for the backward propagation (see Figure 4-8).
	engdb.tripod.com /engdb/backward/back04.htm (2067 words)

	Data Modeling: Adding Attributes to the Model
		Two areas where data modeling experts disagree is whether derived attributes and attributes whose values are codes should be permitted in the data model.
		Arguments against including derived data are based on the premise that derived data should not be stored in a database and therefore should not be included in the data model.
		derived data is often important to both managers and users and therefore should be included in the data model.
	www.utexas.edu /its/windows/database/datamodeling/dm/attributes.html (762 words)

	Lazysoft Technology: Associative Model
		The Associative Model of Data is the name given by Simon Williams, Lazysoft's founder, to the database architecture that he has proposed in his book of the same name, on which Lazysoft's database management system Sentences™ is based.
		Ted Codd acknowledged the connection between data architecture and programming productivity when in 1970 he introduced the relational model to the world with the words "Future users of large data banks must be protected from having to know how the data is organized in the machine".
		Instead of using a separate, unique table for every different type of data, the associative model of data uses a single, generic structure to contain all types of data.
	www.lazysoft.com /technology_associativemodel.htm (425 words)

	dataWarehouse.com \| Brought to you by DM Review
		The result is a data model, while semantically valid in the eye of the data modeler, is more intangible than the organization’s functional business process.
		Within the model, many-to-many associations between two entities become three-way associations – as each relationship must have an associated type that details the specific kind of many possible relationships by which it may be identified.
		Since these abstract structures can contain virtually any data, the data modeler can certainly approach the modeling exercise from the viewpoint that the model starts off as this cosmic muffin and expands downward into more detailed, business-relevant components as areas are explored.
	www.datawarehouse.com /article/?articleid=3044 (1267 words)

	Software Magazine - SoftwareGram Newsletter, Jan. 23, 2002
		"The relational model of data is at the core of a lot of complexity in software development," says Simon Williams, CEO and chairman, the founder of Lazy Software and the founder of Synon, the model-driven development tool company eventually acquired by Computer Associates.
		The relational model of data was originated in 1969 by Ted Codd of IBM, became dominant in the 1980s and has gone unchallenged, except for the object-oriented database model, which has not won high acceptance despite predictions it would in the early 1990s.
		The associate model is a database structure that replaces relational tables with a simpler structure that does not change when the structure of data changes.
	www.softwaremag.com /L.cfm?Doc=newsletter/2002-01-23 (2042 words)

	TDAN - Hay - Data Model Quality
		Still, data models are products to be delivered to one’s consumers, and it is clear, on the surface at least, that there is a difference between a good data model and a bad one.
		The term “data model” has taken on several quite different meanings in recent years, reflecting the very different uses that collections of boxes and lines can be put to.
		A conceptual data model, developed as part of a requirements analysis project is fundamentally for the purpose of sharing the analyst’s understanding of the business with the business people.
	www.tdan.com /i031hy03.htm (5646 words)

	TDAN - Pascal - Setting Matters Straight Issue 27.0 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A data model is a formal theory of data consisting of three components: structure, integrity and manipulation (see Un-muddling Modeling).
		As I have proved at DATABASE DEBUNKINGS, whatever Williams has produced, it is not a data model, certainly not a substitute for logic and math that underlie the relational model.
		The relational model supports physical data independence—the logical level is insulated from physical storage and access details—precisely to allow DBMS vendors complete freedom to do whatever they want at the physical level to maximize performance.
	www.tdan.com /sms_issue27.htm (1601 words)

	Associative Indexing Solution
		Associative Index System (AIS™), which can be used to merge results from legacy enterprise systems for comprehensive decision support.
		Relavance data warehouses use the same and even more advanced acceleration techniques in a fundamentally different computing model that achieves R/T complex query without freezing updates to the baseline or creating a separate copy of the database.
		The Relavance™ family of products is a full-function associative computing environment that provides a revolutionary way of modeling and managing the data in your computer applications.
	www.associativesolutions.com /ais.php (497 words)

	DATA MODEL NAMING STANDARDS
		This logical/physical approach to data modeling has one type of schema in the logical model and two types of schemas in the physical model.
		The physical implementation requirements of the data are represented by the internal schema, which is part of the physical model.
		Since the modeling exercise is meant to discover all data of interest to the user, it is important to find out the contents of "fl holes" and model them as separate attributes.
	www.lifecycle-toolkit.com /tools/nmngcnv/modelstd/namest.htm (5397 words)

	Midrange Stuff, OS/400 Edition
		Williams led the development of Sentences with the idea that the underlying data structure provided by today's relational database management systems, and to a lesser extent object-oriented programming, is a hindrance to developing applications that are flexible enough for deployment across the Internet.
		Williams' associative model of data starts by dividing everything into two categories: entities--which are actual things that cannot change, like a book--and associations, which can change, such as a book's position on a table.
		These entities and associations interact through the application of the two other building blocks in the associative model of data: items, which are sort of like distinct processes, and links, which connect source items and target items with an action, or a verb.
	www.itjungle.com /mso/mso111902-story01.html (914 words)

	Is the Relational Model the Best Model? \| Gadgetopia
		Because, in my experience, the relational model is, without a doubt, the easiest to store data in and query, primarily because SQL has been designed around it.
		In contrast, the object-oriented method is inferior in terms of inserting and updating data (you have one table row for every object property, so you have to do multiple updates and inserts) and in terms of querying data (you have to use temporary tables like crazy to iterate through different filters to get your results).
		For example you are saying that the object model is inferior in terms of data insertion and update because you are thinking you need to adapt it to a table: if you are using a true object database it’s not you’re problem it’s the problem of the database engine.
	www.gadgetopia.com /post/4293 (2775 words)

	ON LAZY SOFTWARE: THE NAME THAT FITS
		Earlier I published a couple of critiques of Simon Williams’ and Lazy Software’s so-called “Associative Model of Data”, one in response to a reader who insisted it was a new and useful data model.
		I recently received a message from a practitioner who put my critique to good use in practice, demonstrating that, contrary to the common fallacy, there are practical implications from theory and data fundamentals, that users can rely on to see thru questionable vendor claims (to put it politely).
		It generates all your data entry forms for you etc. and takes away a lot of the hassle of building an application around their database.
	www.dbdebunk.com /page/page/859891.htm (506 words)

	Asia/Pacific Computer Services - links to sites for Database Theory, Concepts, Products, Resources
		Data is only described once in a single integrated data dictionary and is instantly available using all access methods.
		The metadata and associated file system entries comprise a collection, which can be shared from a master data store to multiple slave data stores.
		From Data Management to Information Integration -- A Natural Evolution - This article proposes a platform that extends a federated database architecture to support both relational and XML as first class data models, and tightly integrates content management services, workflow, messaging, analytics, and other enterprise application services.
	www.notestracker.com /Links/Database.htm (4421 words)

	CoreFlex, Inc. -- Adaptive Information Systems
		Business critical data is in the hands of technical people, not the people who need to use the data.
		Traditional relational databases with rigidly defined architectures are often at fault for lengthy downtimes and expensive retooling in order to handle new business requirements.
		The changes neccessary to integrate new business requirements into existing corporate data structures can be performed by a client's own business knowledge workers directly without the need for complex and time consuming redesign and without interfering with existing systems.
	www.coreflex.com (501 words)

	Creating History Through a Web-Based Ass... (Abstract) [AACE Digital Library] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A new model for the teaching and learning of history is presented.
		Using a collaborative, web-based tool, students actively construct an understanding of history by creating associative models of historical items (people, places, and events).
		This paper discusses the foundations for an associative model of historical data based on semantic networks, and presents a web-based application that implements it.
	dl.aace.org /13680 (118 words)

	PowerDesigner 7.x Conceptual Data Model - Frequently Asked Questions - Sybase Inc
		This means that associative tables will be replaced by a many-to-many relationship, thus there will not be an entity for that table.
		Another example of this is that the Conceptual Model does not have foreign keys, but the reference/foreign key combination is replaced with a relationship, thus foreign key columns will not appear in your Conceptual Model.
		When you are working with large models, it is useful to split them into smaller subdivisions in order to avoid manipulating large sets of items.
	www.sybase.com /detail?id=1012249 (2864 words)

	Open Directory - Computers: Software: Databases
		Cardett Associates - Advanced Query Tool is designed for database developers and DBAs with particular features for DB2, Oracle, Sybase, MS SQL Server.
		Data Harmony, Inc. - A text based database company providing software and technical support for small and large business needs.
		XTG Data Modeller - Visual CASE tool for data structure modelling, reverse engineering of the database, generation of SQL scripts, and HTML documentation of the model.
	dmoz.org /Computers/Software/Databases (1010 words)

	As simple as possible, but not simpler
		The title of this article is one requirement of a good data model.
		I maintain that the vast majority of practitioners, who are self-taught, lack an adequate fundamental education, have been working with such unnecessarily complex technologies and products and employing such unnecessarily complex practices, that they can't cope with simplicity anymore: when something is simple, they must complicate it before they're comfortable with it.
		The relational model is science: it is nothing but the application of predicate logic and set mathematics to database management.
	searchsecurity.techtarget.com /tip/0,289483,sid13_gci836223,00.html (1705 words)

	Pair Associative Container
		A Pair Associative Container is an Associative Container that associates a key with some other object.
		One new type is introduced, in addition to the types defined in the Associative Container requirements.
		Note the implication of this fact: a Pair Associative Container cannot provide mutable iterators (as defined in the Trivial Iterator requirements), because the value type of a mutable iterator must be Assignable, and
	www.sgi.com /tech/stl/PairAssociativeContainer.html (184 words)

	Lazysoft, home of the Associative Model of Data
		Sentences™ is a development environment and database management system based on the innovative Associative Model of Data.
		It dramatically reduces development timescales, and enables real-time aggregation of data held within legacy systems.
		Download a PDF of Simon Williams' book "The Associative Model of Data" and a copy of Sentences Personal Edition.
	www.lazysoft.com (192 words)

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