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Topic: Associative meaning

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	Meaning - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Meaning (linguistic), meaning which is communicated through the use of language.
		Meaning (non-linguistic), extra-linguistic meaning (intentional communication without the use of language), and natural meaning, where no intentions are involved at all.
		Associative meaning in an expression has to do with individual mental understandings of the speaker.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Meaning (221 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Semantics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In the main, semantics (from the Greek semantikos, or "significant meaning," derived from sema, sign) is the study of meaning, in some sense of that term.
		Semantics is a subfield of linguistics that is traditionally defined as the study of meaning of (parts of) words, phrases, sentences, and texts.
		An area of study is the meaning of compounds, another is the study of relations between different linguistic expressions (homonymy, synonymy, antonymy, polysemy, paronyms, hypernymy, hyponymy, meronymy, metonymy, holonymy, exocentric, and endocentric).
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Semantics (403 words)

	Meaning - Psychology Wiki
		Meaning as a whole is studied in philosophy and semiotics, and especially in philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, and logic, and communication theory.
		Linguistics lends itself to the study of linguistic meaning in the fields of semantics (which studies conventional meanings) and pragmatics (studies in how language is used by individuals).
		Meaning is something contextual with respect to language and the world, and is also something active toward other meanings and the world.
	psychology.wikia.com /wiki/Meaning (2735 words)

	A New Qual Research Tool
		For these reasons, word association exercises are an established, respected and oft’ used technique in the qualitative researcher’s toolbox that are employed in the unpacking of meanings and the informing and development of meaningful marketing initiatives.
		Against this, it should be noted that the hierarchical structure of the associations differed substantially between the two maps, with consistency between the maps limited to painting an overall qualitative picture of meaning, as opposed to mirroring any quantitative ranking of associations.
		Associative techniques are poor devices for capturing the rational, linear, cognitive thought and thought processes that are also important in consumer understanding, and they tend to ignore the discursive and situational aspects of meaning – that ideas have meaning within the context of a particular discourse and background circumstance (Szalay and Deese 1978).
	www.viralculture.com /pubs/mememapping.htm (2373 words)

	Translation and Meaning
		The meaning of a given word or set of words is best understood as the contribution that word or phrase can make to the meaning or function of the whole sentence or linguistic utterance where that word or phrase occurs.
		The meaning of a given word is governed not only by the external object or idea that particular word is supposed to refer to, but also by the use of that particular word or phrase in a particular way, in a particular context, and to a particular effect.
		The first type of meaning, i.e., the meaning of reference, is often referred to as the "referential" meaning, the "lexical" meaning, the "conceptual" meaning, or the "denotative" meaning.
	www.accurapid.com /journal/14theory.htm (940 words)

	[No title]
		The abstract brahman was associated with an equally abstract concept of individual identity known as aatman during the late-Vedic meditative reflections of the Upanishads.
		This procedure of associative word study is neither incongruent with the work of early Vedic commentators, such as Yaaska, nor is it inconsistent with the modern theories of language in both the theoretical analysis of Noam Chomsky and the conclusions of neuro-linguistics (for the latter, cf.
		Accordingly, Yaaska`s analysis argues that the meaning associated with the root must determine the simple meaning for the noun independent of the context in which it is used.
	vedavid.org /diss2.html (2588 words)

	The WSCR Archive: Mark Fettes: "Critical Realism and Ecological Psychology"
		This means that individuals never really "acquire a language" in the sense of being able to reproduce the whole system in all its dynamic complexity.
		The notions of meaning as discrete and unitary, of linguistic abilities as modular and structurally determined, of knowledge and thought as logical and propositional, are all based on the assumption that private language capacities and public language devices share the same ontology.
		To learn to speak means to learn to construct utterances (because we speak in utterances and not in individual sentences, and, of course, not in individual words).
	www.raggedclaws.com /criticalrealism/archive/mfettes_crep.html (5011 words)

	[No title]
		We consider associative memory to be a dynamical system of cortical spatial patterns, manifested in the electrical fields of dendritic currents measured via electroencephalographic electrodes.
		Associative memories in the mammalian brain are carried by globally distributed, chaotic, self organized dynamic activity patterns.
		Several studies by Freeman have shown that in addition to the particular stimuli causing a subject to generate a specific pattern, the meaning of the stimuli, the environments it is given in, and the arousal state of the animal, can all have a profound influence upon the pattern.
	sulcus.berkeley.edu /FLM/SH/MDL/CNS95.html (1153 words)

	CptS 355 Programming Language Design Syntax and Semantics of Programming Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Often this is taken to mean the state, or collection of values of the variables in the program, as the computation proceeds from state to state.
		So the meaning of an assignment is to replace the value of x in state with the result of the expression, E, computed on the current state.
		So the meaning of a loop depends on the loop condition, B. If the loop condition, B, is true, then the we go through the loop at least one and generate a new state, and then re-evaluate the loop with the new state.
	www.eecs.wsu.edu /~cdyreson/teaching/languages/032/lectures/syntax.htm (2407 words)

	philosophy of language Information Center - philosophy of language
		The verificationist theory of meaning (in at least one of its forms) states that to say that an expression is meaningful is to say that there are some conditions of experience that could exist to show that the expression is true.
		Rather, the meaning of the parts of statements is presupposed by an understanding of the truth-conditions of a whole statement.
		Meaning in natural languages was seen as primarily a question of how the speaker uses language to express intentions.
	www.scipeeps.com /Sci-Linguistic_Topics_N_-_P/philosophy_of_language.html (5626 words)

	Kim Thesis Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The purpose of the study was to compare the free word associations of United States and Korean students to the concepts of anger, envy, fear, romantic jealousy, and sadness.
		In addition, associations to anger, fear, and sadness were compared to those to romantic jealousy because some scholars have suggested that these emotions are an integral component of the experience of romantic jealousy.
		Although anger, fear, and sadness are frequently reported to be experienced in jealousy predicaments, the associations to the three concepts differed considerably from the associations to jealousy in both nations.
	www.csulb.edu /~psych/gradprgm/alumni/thesesmar/kimh2.html (160 words)

	Brand Positioning - IJMR
		In this view, the positioning of a concept in the associative structure of memory defines the meaning of that concept, allowing complex concepts to be constructed out of associative combinations of simpler concepts.
		In sum, how an idea is positioned in the associative networks of memory may be seen as describing the meaning of that idea for its holder.
		By feeding individual chains of associations made by consumers around a brand-related concept into a database pre-programmed to automatically create or reinforce links between associations, the database can ‘learn’ and build a blueprint, iteratively and ground up, of the dominant and representative associative chains made by that population.
	www.viralculture.com /pubs/brandpositioning.htm (1975 words)

	Design Fundamentals Syllabus: Glossary
		Color temperature takes two meanings: (1) the physical meaning, and (2) the associative meaning.
		Associative temperature Cool and warm are adjectives we apply to color, and we call the relative warmth or coolness of a hue temperature.
		We associate blood, fire, and sunlight colors as warm colors, and plant, sky, and water colors as cool colors.
	www.public.asu.edu /~detrie/pages/design_fundamentals/pages/glossary_t.html (248 words)

	T206 Presentation: Symbols
		You must explain the denotative, or literal meaning of the symbol; and then explain the connotative, or associative/emotive meaning the film is attempting to evoke.
		Your discussion of the symbolism of the film should include your understanding of how the symbolism is being used to add depth of meaning to a scene or the film as a whole, and include a discussion of what it means for the symbolism to be external or internal to the film.
		Demonstrate your understanding of how the symbolism is being used to add depth of meaning to a scene or the film as a whole, and include a discussion of what it means for the symbolism to be external or internal to the film.
	www.indiana.edu /~telecom/faculty/krause/t206/t206_P10.html (567 words)

	Expression Grammar
		The title of each box states the associativity of the box, which states how members of the box are grouped when they are composed with each other.
		ConstLists compare lexicographically, meaning they are compared pairwise, and their ordering is according to their first unequal pair.
		1..3 means all the integers from 1 inclusive to 3 inclusive.
	www.erights.org /elang/grammar/expr.html (2404 words)

	Philosophy of language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		By incorporating "meaning," everyone has shaped (or has had shaped for us) a view of the universe and how they have "meaning" within it.
		He thought that the meaning of a predicate was established through an abstraction of the similarities between various individual things.
		The conceptual meaning of an expression inevitably involves both definition (also called "connotation" and "intension" in the literature) and extension (also called "denotation").
	www.abitabouteverything.com /files/p/ph/philosophy_of_language.html (2619 words)

	Vortex Egg: Persistent Ideograms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Obviously this depends on dicovering a function for rating competing epistemologies (within a defined context), which in the case of linguistics may utilize established principles of statistical inference.
		Another problem is, given a collectively symbolized ideogram representing associative meaning in a body of text, how to transform this to a human-understandable form.
		The linguistics problem is very interesting, as "meaning" seems to be a very complex phenomenon emerging from many interrelated signals.
	vortexegg.blogspot.com /2005/10/persistent-ideograms.html (531 words)

	[No title]
		In this exercise in associative meaning and word/image conjoinment, Baldessari pins a sequence of photographs to a wall below the "headline" Art Disaster, which has been torn from a newspaper.
		An absurd montage, a kind of disjointed narrative, emerges from the incongruities: A photograph of an empty bench precedes a photograph of a palm tree; a self-portrait of Cezanne is juxtaposed with a photograph of a butter pat in a dish.
		As demonstrated by the wonderfully surrealist narrative sequences that result, Baldessari encourages unconscious associations and subliminal meanings to emerge from the juxtaposition of found objects.
	www.eai.org /eai/tape.jsp?itemID=617 (154 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Instability of meaning 1) The idea of stability of meaning is fictitious.
		Lexicon of persuasion 1) Tautology 2) Paraphrase 3) Euphemism 10.
		By dint of their association with vital areas of semantic/mental space they activate strong emotional, i.e., irrational reactions in the user including the recipient.
	www.uwm.edu /~tslim/lecture/adlang.htm (543 words)

	carnatic.com > Karmasaya : Full Text Search Results : Ani
		There is no more free lunch, but the International Association for Medical Assistance to Travelers does send a directory of English-speaking doctors overseas who agree to limit their fees for office and hotel calls.
		Meaning has not to be discovered: it has to be created.
		The esoteric meaning is that he who sees the light of lights that is burning eternally in the chambers of his heart through constant meditation attains immortality.
	www.carnatic.com /karmasaya/index.php?full=Ani (15897 words)

	Langston, Psychology of Language, Notes 6 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Some examples of words by this meaning: electric (root), crunch (root), shoes (inflected by the morpheme -s to mean "plural of shoe"), crunchable (derived from crunch by adding the morpheme -able to mean "capable of being crunched"), toothbrush (compound), and Yugoslavia report (compound with a space).
		These elements are called listemes, and they can also be any length, the criterion is that a listeme is an element whose meaning and form have to be associated.
		Associative meaning: Everything you think of when you hear the word.
	www.mtsu.edu /~wlangsto/PsyLangNotes6.html (1987 words)

	Sociosemiotic Approach and Translation of Fiction
		This way of writing distinguishes one author's writing from that of others, depending on different periods of history, different worldviews of authors, etc. Lu Xun is noted for his satire which is simply the most concise delineation and criticism of the outworn culture and ideology of the feudal society during the era of old China.
		The most important thing, therefore, is to change their spirit, and since at that time I felt that literature was the best means to this end, I decided to promote a literary movement.” He considered his literary works as a textbook for enlightening China's oppressed millions and expected wide acceptation of his works.
		According to the sociosemiotic theory, verbal signs have three types of meaning: designative meaning which indicates the relationship between verbal signs and their referents, linguistic meaning which indicates the relationship between signs, and pragmatic meaning which indicates the relationship between verbal signs and interpretants.
	accurapid.com /journal/14fiction.htm (3042 words)

	Articles - Meaning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		* Meaning (linguistic), meaning which is communicated through the use of language.
		* Meaning (non-linguistic), ´´extra-linguistic meaning´´ (intentional communication without the use of language), and ´´natural meaning´´, where no intentions are involved at all.
		* "The Meaning of Meaning" â€” a book, subtitled ´´A Study of the Influence of Language upon Thought and of the Science of Symbolism´´ (1923) was co-authored by C. Ogden and I. Richards, Magdalene College, University of Cambridge
	www.kimia-sains.com /articles/Meaning (196 words)

	CptS 355 - Syntax
		Terminals will be represented as the name of the token class, e.g., begin means the token corresponding to the reserved word begin, identifier means any identifier, etc.
		Associativity and precedence can be specified in a grammar by altering whether recursion is done on the right or left sides of rules, and by altering the derivation order of the grammar rules.
		We can specify associativity in the grammar by giving a direction to the parse, that is, by recursing on only the left side (or right side, but not both) of an operation.
	www.eecs.wsu.edu /~hauser/teaching/Languages-S05/lectures/syntax.html (1133 words)

	A Discursive-Semiotic Approach to Translating Cultural Aspects in Persuasive Advertisements
		If the translator deduces a meaning not intended by the source writer/creator, the signification of the other signs and the text as a whole will create a different meaning and effect in the target text than in the source text.
		Hall (cited in Chandler: WWW) sees this as the associative meaning, since it describes the interaction that occurs when a sign meets the feelings or emotions of the users and the value of their culture.
		This is when meanings move towards the subjective, or at least the intersubjective: it is when the interpretant is influenced as much by the interpreter as by the object or the sign.
	ilze.org /semio/008.htm (1305 words)

	hash_set<Key, HashFcn, EqualKey, Alloc>
		It is also a Unique Associative Container, meaning that no two elements compare equal using the Binary Predicate
		's members are defined in the Unique Hashed Associative Container and Simple Associative Container requirements.
		Associative Container, Hashed Associative Container, Simple Associative Container, Unique Hashed Associative Container,
	www.cs.vassar.edu /mirror/STL_doc/hash_set.html (455 words)

	hash_multiset<Key, HashFcn, EqualKey, Alloc>
		is a simple associative container, meaning that its value type, as well as its key type, is
		It is also a Multiple Associative Container, meaning that two or more elements may compare equal using the Binary Predicate
		's members are defined in the Multiple Hashed Associative Container and Simple Associative Container requirements.
	www.sgi.com /tech/stl/hash_multiset.html (451 words)

	7.2.1 Operator precedence and associativity (C# Language Specification)
		The precedence of an operator is established by the definition of its associated grammar production.
		When an operand occurs between two operators with the same precedence, the associativity of the operators controls the order in which the operations are performed:
		Except for the assignment operators, all binary operators are left-associative, meaning that operations are performed from left to right.
	msdn.microsoft.com /library/en-us/csspec/html/vclrfcsharpspec_7_2_1.asp (184 words)

	map<Key, Data, Compare, Alloc>
		It is also a Unique Associative Container, meaning that no two elements have the same key.
		These members are not defined in the Unique Sorted Associative Container and Pair Associative Container requirements, but are unique to
		Returns a reference to the object that is associated with a particular key.
	www.sgi.com /tech/stl/Map.html (472 words)

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