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Topic: Astacus leptodactylus

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	Station Information - Astacus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Astacus, Astacus astacus (Linné, 1758) / Astacus fluviatilis (Fabricius, 1775) / Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823), is a family of crayfish.
		This, often illegal, implantations of Signal crayfish has made it very difficult to reintroduce the Astacus in the wild as the Signal crayfish, although resistent, does carry the plague and infects lakes and rivers it inhabits.
		In Europe, and in particular in Scandinavia, the Astacus is often considered to be the original and finer, thus more expensive, crayfish.
	www.stationinformation.com /encyclopedia/a/as/astacus.html (143 words)

	6: Distribution and AEtiology, The Crayfish, T. H. Huxley, 1879
		Astacus torrentium appears to be particularly addicted to rapid highland streams and the turbid pools which they feed.
		Astacus nobilis is indigenous to France, Germany, and the Italian peninsula.
		Astacus torrentium, as we have seen, inhabits both the British Islands and the continent of Europe; nevertheless, there is every reason to believe that twenty miles of sea water is an insuperable barrier to the passage of crayfishes from one land to the other.
	www2.biology.ualberta.ca /palmer/thh/c6.htm (10026 words)

	Chapter 6 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Astacus torrentium torrentium appears to be particularly addicted to rapid highland streams and the turbid pools which they feed.
		Astacus nobilis nobilis is indigenous to France, Germany, and the Italian peninsula.
		Astacus torrentium, torrentium, as we have seen, inhabits both the British Islands and the continent of Europe; nevertheless, there is every reason to believe that twenty miles of sea water is an insuperable barrier to the passage of crayfishes from one land to the other.
	www.bio.ilstu.edu /perry/crayfish/thhuxley/chapter6.htm (10020 words)

	abstacts
		Pontastacus leptodactylus (=Astacus leptodactylus) is one of the most wide-spread crayfish species in Russia/ In Central Russia one can find the subspecies Pontastacus leptodactylus boreoorientalis (Birstein et Winogradow, 1934) in the Kama river basin which is of no particular harvesting value.
		Astacidae of the Caspian Sea are represented by Astacus leptodactylus eichwaldi Bott and Astacus pachypus Rathke crayfishes.
		The object of this paper was to study the crayfish distribution in the Volga-Caspian region, their stock dynamics and factors that influence it.Investigations were conducted in waterbodies of the Volga-Akhtubian flood-lands, in the delta and delta-front of the Volga river, and on the Eastern shelf of the Caspian Sea in 1991-1995.
	novgen.freeservers.com /lake/crykar/12iaa.html (1455 words)

	Crayfish Plague (Fungus Disease)
		Astacus astacus, Austropotamobius pallipes, Austropotamobius torrentium and Astacus leptodactylus are examples of European species that are susceptible to the disease.
		Haemolymph parameters were altered (glucose, lactate and Ca increased; and Na and Cl decreased) in Astacus astacus infected with A.
		The spread of crayfish plague (Aphanomyces astaci) and its effects on the noble crayfish (Astacus astacus) population in the Lake Ormajärvi waterway in Finland in 1988-1991.
	www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca /sci/shelldis/pages/cpfdcy_e.htm (3306 words)

	Crayfish Plague
		Astacus astacus and Austropotamobius pallipes are the most notable of these species.
		Astacus astacus is commonly known as the noble crayfish and is the largest of the European freshwater species of crayfish.
		Sturs, Abrahamsson Population Ecology and Relation to Environmental Factors of Astacus Astacus Linne and Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana : Lund Department of Animal Ecology University of Lund, 1971.
	www.american.edu /TED/crayfish.htm (4419 words)

	Ecophysiological and sanitary adaptation of Turkish crayfish Astacus leptodactylus to brackishwat...
		Ecophysiological and sanitary adaptation of Turkish crayfish Astacus leptodactylus to brackishwat...
		Ecophysiological and sanitary adaptation of Turkish crayfish Astacus leptodactylus to brackishwater: Contribution to crayfish culture.
		This influence of salt media on different aspects of biological cycle and on most common pathogenic agents of Turkish freshwater crayfish Astacus leptodactylus is investigated survival and growing of juveniles O super(+) and intermediary individuals 1 super(+) are also studied.
	www.ifremer.fr /docelec/notice/1983/notice1185-EN.htm (188 words)

	Document sans titre
		Astacus astacus is one of four native european crayfish species living in Croatian freshwater habitats.
		Conservation of the endangered noble crayfish (Astacus astacus) requires preservation of existing stocks and reintroduction into suitable habitats, as it is conducted in several regional projects in Germany and Poland.
		The Astacus project is a Swedish-Norwegian joint venture on conservation and sustainable utilisation of the native Noble crayfish (Astacus astacus).
	labo.univ-poitiers.fr /craynet/Halden_abstracts.htm (6601 words)

	Astaxanthin - Clinical Study 237 \| AHD International, LLC
		The metabolism of astaxanthin during the embryonic development of the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz (Crustacea, Astacidea).
		The developing eggs of the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus are found to contain important carotenoid amounts.
		Free astaxanthin, mainly associated with protein and lutein represent the main pigments occurring in the yolk at the end of the embryonic period.
	www.ahdintl.com /Astaxanthin/AstaxanthinClinicalStudy_237.html (259 words)

	issg Database: Distribution Details for Procambarus clarkii
		Austropotamobius torrentium and Astacus astacus can only be caught for direct consumption and there is a minimal size restriction in place (these rules do not apply to crayfish farmers).
		The release of alien crayfish is illegal, however the enforcement of this rule is inefficient and alien crayfish that have reproduced in the wild over several generations are exempt from this law.
		Currently the amount of Astacus astacus (the noble crayfish) farmed for stocking and consumption purposes is increasing.
	www.issg.org /database/species/distribution_detail.asp?si=608&di=27155&pc=* (523 words)

	1: Natural History, The Crayfish, T. H. Huxley, 1879
		One kind, by way of distinction, is called fluviatile, another slender-handed, another Dauric, from the region in which it lives; and these double names are rendered by --Astacus fluviatilis, Astacus leptodactylus, and Astacus dauricus; and thus we have a nomenclature which is exceedingly simple in principle, and free from confusion in practice.
		Thus Astacus fluviatilis was a significant name so long as we knew of only one kind of crayfish; but now that we are acquainted with a number of kinds, all of which inhabit rivers, it is meaningless.
		The new integuments of the crayfish remain soft for a period which varies from one to three days; and it is a curious fact, that the animal appears to be quite aware of its helplessness, and governs itself accordingly.
	www2.biology.ualberta.ca /palmer/thh/c1.htm (8298 words)

	Occurrence of L- and D-Crustacean Hyperglycemic Hormone Isoforms in the Eyestalk X-Organ/Sinus Gland Complex During the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Occurrence of L- and D-Crustacean Hyperglycemic Hormone Isoforms in the Eyestalk X-Organ/Sinus Gland Complex During the Ontogeny of the Crayfish Astacus leptodactylus -- Serrano et al.
		Gorgels-Kallen J, Meij JTA (1985) Immunocytochemical study of the eyestalk of the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus during larval and postlarval development.
		Van Deijnen JE, Vek F, Van Herp F (1985) An immunocytochemical study of the optic ganglia of the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus (Nordmann 1842) with antisera against biologically active peptides of vertebrates and invertebrates.
	www.jhc.org /cgi/content/full/52/9/1129 (5011 words)

	page GB (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The term "raising" can not be used in the strict sense of the word since, to this day, the various scientific research performed has left a big number of "holes" in the behavior, the manners, the social life, and metabolism of the crayfish.
		There finally exists (to our knowledge) two or three sites that are trying to produce astacus pacifastacus* known as the American crayfish, not be confounded with the crayfish of Louisiana (procanbarus clarchii*), a real curse on fauna and flora around ponds, lakes and other bodies of water.
		The crayfish known as astacus pacifastacus is present in the north/east of France as well as other races not as well known as they are very mediocre in gustatory quality : The orconnocte*.
	www.france-ecrevisses.com /anglais.htm (736 words)

	Amazon.com: Leptodactylus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		DNA packing in the sperm nuclei of the common cray-fish astacus leptodactilus =: Upakovka dnk v yadrakh spermiev rechnogo raka astacus Leptodactylus by A. N Studitsky (Unknown Binding - 1980)
		Studies on the genus Lentodactylus (amphibia, leptodactylidae) III: A redefinition of the genus Leptodactylus and a description of a new genus of leptodactylid...
		Leptodactylus albilabris (Gunther): A species of toad new to the fauna of the United States (University of Kansas science bulletin) by Edward Harrison Taylor (Unknown Binding - 1932)
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=Leptodactylus&tag=ecomplex&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (629 words)

	European inland fisheries advisory commission commission europeenne consultative pour les peches dans les eaux ...
		Native species are Astacus astacus and Austropotamobius pallipes italicus.
		In the last ten years, Astacus leptodactylus has been imported from Turkey; more recently a second species, Procambarus clarkii has been introduced from Kenya and Spain.
		leptodactylus is for restocking, but it is a limitaded activity.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/005/AC874B/AC874B10.htm (1206 words)

	Crayfish \| Aquatech duiksport - Wilsele
		These last detected that almost the complete population of Astacus astacus had died, except for some isolated waters.
		All European crayfish species and mostly the noble crayfish Astacus astacus (the only endemic species in Belgium) are sensitive to the disease.
		This is why first the Swedish in 1960 started to introduce the American crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus in the aim of replacing endemic species Astacus astacus.
	www.aquatek.be /?q=cray01 (716 words)

	Protozoans
		Gydemo R (1996) Signal crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus, as a vector for Psorospermium haeckeli to noble crayfish, Astacus astacus.
		Henttonen P, Huner JV, Lindqvist OE (1995) Observations on Psorospermium haekeli in noble Crayfish Astacus astacus Linné (Decapoda, Astacidas) Populations in Central Finland.
		Rug M, Vogt G (1994) Developmental stages of the crayfish parasite Psorospermium haeckeli in thoracic arteries of Astacus astacus.
	us.geocities.com /crayfishdisease/pages/info_pa/protos.html (2717 words)

	Urine makes the difference: chemical communication in fighting crayfish made visible -- Breithaupt and Eger 205 (9): ...
		leptodactylus, urine is carried to the opponent by the
		Astacus leptodactylus (carapace length 45 mm) releasing a plume of urine made visible by intra-vascular injection of Fluorescein.
		astacus, Procambarus clarkii), in agonistic postures and in
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/205/9/1221 (6459 words)

	publication
		I..Muscle and hepatopancreas weight in Astacus leptodactylus in the trapping seas on in Karelia.."Biological resources of the White Sea and inland waters of the european North".Petrozovodsk.1995.
		Some observations on the physiological condition of the crayfish Astacus astacus in middle Finland and Astacus leptodactylus in Petrozavodsk area,Russia."Biological resources of the White Sea and inland waters of the european North".Petrozovodsk.1995.
		Cytotoxical activity of Astacus leptodactylus gemolimph and hepatopankreas in karelian lakes."Bioindication and evaluation of damage in organisms and ecosystems".Proceeding of first international conference of Barets Euro-Arctic region,10-12 june 1997.Petrozavodsk.1997
	novgen.freeservers.com /lake/crykar/chrp_13.html (476 words)

	T. H. Huxley: The Crayfish (1879)
		Common sense is science exactly in so far as it fulfils the ideal of common sense; that is, sees facts as they are, or, at any rate, without the distortion of prejudice, and reasons from them in accordance with the dictates of sound judgment.
		And as this nomenclature is generally received, it is desirable that it should not be altered; though it is attended by the inconvenience, that Astacus, as we now employ the name, does not [14] denote that which the Greeks, ancient and modern, signify, by its original, astakos; and does signify something quite different.
		One kind, by way of distinction, is called fluviatile, another slender-handed, another Dauric, from the region in which it lives; and these double names are rendered by–Astacus fluviatilis, Astacus leptodactylus, and Astacus dauricus ; and thus we have a nomenclature which is exceedingly simple in principle, and free from confusion in practice.
	aleph0.clarku.edu /huxley/Book/Crayf.html (4124 words)

	Alien species in Poland
		In Great Britain, fish populations are maintained to increase predation on the species.
		Affected species/ecosystems: Noble crayfish Astacus astacus (Potamobius astacus).
		Affected species/ecosystems: Long-clawed (Turkish) crayfish Astacus leptodactylus (Potamobius leptodactylus), Noble crayfish Astacus astacus (Potamobius astacus), young fish of different species.
	www.iop.krakow.pl /ias/species.asp?1 (97 words)

	Lake Egirdir, Turkey, Lale Hostel & Pension (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The north part of the lake has more plant cover, due to its being shallow and having a higher amount of nutrients originating from agricultural practices in the region.
		Until the mid 1980’s, Lake Egirdir yielded the highest crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) production in Turkey.
		An annual mean of 2000-2500 tons of crayfish catch provided 5-6 million dollars of income.
	www.lalehostel.com /en/egirdir_02.html (283 words)

	abstracts1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Curve walking in two species of crayfish, Procambarus clarkii and Astacus leptodactylus, was investigated to test whether the mechanism underlying curve walking is the synchronous action of a centrally pre-programmed leg tripod or whether it is the action of one principal leg that produces the main body yaw torque.
		Curve walking was induced by an optomotor visual stimulus, and the yaw torque produced by the tethered animals was measured in open-loop conditions.
		Our main results suggest that the yaw torque oscillations in both P. clarkii and A. leptodactylus are related to the movement of outer leg 4 (i.e.
	www.uni-bielefeld.de /biologie/Kybernetik/publications/abstracts/abstracts1999.html (441 words)

	Mitarbeiter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Pulsed-Doppler technique was used to investigate changes of arterial haemolymph flow and heart rate in the freshwater crayfish Astacus leptodactylus infusing different nucleotides and nucleosides.
		The concentrations of adenosine, inosine and urate were estimated in the haemolymph as well as in three different tissues, using RP-HPLC.
		In contrast the adenosine concentration in tail muscle tissue was much higher than in haemolymph and increased significantly during tail flexion (functional hypoxia).
	www.uni-duesseldorf.de /WWW/MathNat/Zoophys/Institut/Mitarbeiterseiten/vandeMeer.html (266 words)

	Turkish Journal Of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
		Effect of Bait on Efficiency of Fyke-nets for Catching Crayfish Astacus leptodactylus Esch.
		Effect of four different bait types (bread, potato, apple and prussian carp Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch 1782) on efficiency of fyke-nets for catching crayfish Astacus leptodactylus Esch.
		Trapping was conducted in Lake Eğirdir of Turkey.
	www.trjfas.org /show_abstract.php?issue_id=11&yazi_id=55 (195 words)

	[No title]
		1.- Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) sensu lato - Male - Locality unknown (presumably Turkey), 1980 - Preservation status: data not available - Original: slide - Photography, scanning, copyright Cédric d'Udekem d'Acoz.
		Remarks.- The taxonomy of native European crayfishes is very confuse, and the case of Pontastacus leptodactylus and related forms is especially obscure.
		Some authors only recognizes a very few species and subspecies of European crayfishes (sometimes by pure convenience !), while others admit a high number of taxa.
	www.imv.uit.no /crustikon/Decapoda/Decapoda2/Species_index/Pontastacusleptodactylus.htm (292 words)

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