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Topic: Asteroid mining

	ASTEROID MINING
		Asteroids were formed around 4.6 billion years ago at the time of the solar systems creation.
		About 30% of an asteroids mass is oxygen so length of stay won't be limited by the supply brought along in the spacecraft.
		Strip mining consists of scraping off the surface material and using magnets to separate the metal from the dirt.
	www.angelfire.com /stars2/projectorion/asteroidmining (470 words)

	Asteroid mining - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		433 Eros is a stony asteroid in a near-Earth orbit
		Asteroid mining may soon be a method for gathering resources.
		Docking with an asteroid can be performed using a harpoon-like process, where a projectile penetrates the surface to serve as an anchor then an attached cable is used to winch the vehicle to the surface.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Asteroid_mining (987 words)

	Asteroid Mining
		While asteroids are rich in the metals and minerals needed for needed for building space facilities, comets are rich sources of the water and carbon-based molecules needed to maintain life.
		Earth and Mars Trojan asteroids (as well as the two moons of Mars, Phobos and Deimos) would be good candidates for industrial exploitation because of their proximity to large space facilities and habitats proposed for Earth or Mars orbit.
		NEOs are asteroids and comets that have been nudged by the gravitational pull of nearby planets into orbits that cause them to enter the Earth's vicinity.
	members.nova.org /~sol/station/ast-mine.htm (507 words)

	Asteroid Mining - Mining in Manitoba (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		With rocky asteroids, gripping the surface like a rock climber or hooking in like an insect walking on a ceiling may be sufficient.
		An unconventional space mining method is discussed last in this section, which has the ore purposely kicked up within a canopy surrounding the asteroid, the canopy shaped and rotating to use the centrifugal force to channel the ore to the perimeter for collection.
		Geological and Mining Consultant David L. Kuck of Oracle, Arizona, proposes in a long paper entitled "Exploitation of Space Oases" some highly automated methods of drilling and producing volatiles without the need for extraction of materials and dealing with the crushing, grinding and tailings disposal.
	www.digistar.mb.ca /minsci/future/ASTEROID.HTM (2507 words)

	Asteroid mining Summary
		Initial asteroid mining operations will probably be carried out by small, low-cost, robotic, remotely controlled or autonomous integrated miner-processors designed to return a few hundred to a few thousand tons of product per mission, with propulsion systems using asteroid-derived material for propellant.
		433 Eros is a stony asteroid in a near-Earth orbit
		Docking with an asteroid can be performed using a harpoon-like process, where a projectile penetrates the surface to serve as an anchor then an attached cable is used to winch the vehicle to the surface, if the asteroid is rigid enough for a harpoon to be effective.
	www.bookrags.com /Asteroid_mining (2198 words)

	Astronomers enjoy a close-up view of near-Earth asteroids
		Asteroid and comet collisions have become a popular topic thanks to the recent movies "Armageddon" and "Deep Impact", and the premature announcement earlier this year that asteroid 1997XF11 was on a collision course with Earth in 2028.
		The possibility of mining asteroids for their natural resources has been suggested for two reasons: (1) extracted minerals might be returned to Earth or (2) in situ materials could be used to build space stations or used as fuel for exploration.
		Mining an asteroid almost certainly requires that we be able to land on it.
	science.nasa.gov /newhome/headlines/ast07aug98_1.htm (1310 words)

	PERMANENT - Asteroids Near Earth - Mining (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Most Earth mining depends upon gravity to hold the cutting edge against the ore. (However, for many Earth mining operations this is not enough, and other means are employed, e.g., cables and reels.) Scraping away at the surface of the asteroid requires holding the cutting edge against the outer surface of the asteroid.
		Since we know for sure that this asteroid is a captured comet, we would be assured of getting all the volatiles we would need for a long, long time, and delta-v for later missions would not be nearly as much of an economic factor any more.
		Asteroidal material in general is exceptionally good ore requiring a minimum of processing, since it has free metal already.
	www.permanent.com /a-mining.htm (2689 words)

	The Space Fellowship :: Asteroid Mining - In the next ten years?
		Mining of asteroids will cause the development of new management methods and new concepts of coordination - due to the different economical properties of industries in space (which I remarked in another thread).
		Asteroids are rotating and recently it has been detected that the sunlight is responsible for that to a large amount.
		You also need human supervision of the mining bots and of the refining and fabrication process (which would likely be around the mining operations due to reasons of cost-efficiency).
	www.spacefellowship.com /Forum/viewtopic.php?t=640 (2478 words)

	2300AD Asteroid Mining Notes
		On the cold side of the asteroid belt temperatures are low enough that most metal asteroids are quite frangible, so that they are generally covered with relatively thick layers of regolith.
		When a promising asteroid is found (may be primarily metal, or a stone/metal mix also rich in carbon compounds), the first step is to determine its volume (handled automatically by a combination of optical and microwave sensors under computer control) and mass (determined by imparting a known acceleration).
		The speeds of the asteroids are kept deliberately low and their mass is generally between 2000 and 6000 metric tons each to ensure that they can be safely caught by the waiting mining tugs at L-4 when they arrive.
	www.kurotokage.org /2300AD/AsteroidMining.html (962 words)

	Asteroid Mining
		Asteroids contain precious metals like gold, silver, platinum, and the other platinum group metals: palladium, irridium, rhodium, osmium, and ruthenium.
		M-type asteroids are 5%-62% nickel and often more than 90% iron, but on average and are 88% iron, 10% nickel, 0.5% cobalt.
		C-type (carbonaceous) asteroids are hydrated minerals (epsomite, gypsum, clay), tar, carbonates (calcite, siderite, magnesite), and condrules (pebbles).
	chapters.marssociety.org /canada/winnipeg/asteroid.html (1047 words)

	Asteroid Mining - Mining in Manitoba (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		However, asteroids are rich in free iron and nickel metal, as well as in the platinum group metals which are rare and valuable in Earth's crust.
		The ratios of the elements and minerals vary markedly from asteroid to asteroid, due to the diversity of origins and histories of asteroids.
		For example, in an asteroid that did not differentiate due to gravity, the oxygen was gobbled up by the elements silicon, magnesium, aluminum and calcium, leaving out most of the iron and other metals and elements which could not compete for the oxygen in terms of strength of molecular bonds.
	www.digistar.mb.ca /minsci/future/ASTEROID2.HTM (1607 words)

	The Technical and Economic Feasibility of Mining the Near-Earth Asteroids
		Asteroid "geology" has advanced dramatically in the last decade, via spectroscopic and dynamical studies of asteroids and comets, and meteorite studies; reasonable inferences can now be made from asteroid types defined by spectral properties to probable surface mineralogy.
		Asteroid geology has also advanced dramatically in the last decade, drawing on spectroscopic and dynamical studies of asteroids and comets, and meteorite studies, and reasonable correlations can now be made between spectral / photometric asteroid types and inferred surface mineralogy.
		Mining season is restricted to a short period during aphelion; delta-v for return must be achieved in a small fraction of T, the period of the transfer orbit.
	www.nss.org /settlement/asteroids/sonter.html (5390 words)

	Riches in the Sky: The Promise of Asteroid Mining - Associated Content
		The near-earth asteroids, which closely approach the earth, are classed as Atens, with orbits between the earth and the sun, Apollos, with orbits similar to that of the earth, and Amors, with orbits between the earth and Mars.
		Asteroids are small bodies of rock, metal, and other materials, most of which reside in a belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
		The majority of asteroids are classified as C-Type and have the same composition as the sun, but without the hydrogen.
	associatedcontent.com /article/11560/riches_in_the_sky_the_promise_of_asteroid... (715 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Asteroid Mining Will Work"
		Scientists think asteroids are leftover material from the early formation of the solar system or debris from the destruction of a planet.
		The composition of C-type asteroids is similar to that of the sun without the hydrogen, helium and other volatiles.
		One NASA report estimates that the mineral wealth of the asteroids in the asteroid belt might exceed $100 billion for each of the six billion people on Earth.
	science.howstuffworks.com /asteroid-mining1.htm (499 words)

	USATODAY.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The majority are grouped inside the asteroid belt, which is located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
		The metal ore on the asteroids could be mined and used for constructing spacecraft and other structures for a space colony.
		While building an asteroid mine will cost billions of dollars, it will be far cheaper than carrying supplies from the Earth's surface to the moon or Mars.
	www.usatoday.com /news/science/stuffworks/2001-01-27-asteroidmining.htm (1180 words)

	Virtual Eclipse - Science Fiction - Database - Star Systems - Kruger - Historical Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		After a UFO alert in the Troy (DM-39 14192) two scientists, onboard an asteroid mining ship requisitioned from the Eastern Mining Company, backtracked along the orbit of an asteroid that had appeared in their system and discovered a natural wormhole from their system to a point near the Kruger 60 system.
		The mine was closed up and mining work on the planet was ordered to be stopped until a safe shelter could be developed.
		The core of the mine was encased within a giant cage (a Faraday cage) designed to keep out the electrical currents generated on Magneto's surface during stellar flares.
	virtualeclipse.aboho.com /scifi/data/systems/kruger5.htm (4428 words)

	Anthonares » Blog Archive » Resource Scarcity and Asteroid Mining
		Asteroids come in three primary types, C, S, and M. The S (silicaceous) and M (metallic) types are of interest for near-term asteroid mining because M types are basically solid metallic iron and nickel, with a bit of cobalt and platinum group metals mixed in, while S types are rich in iron and other metals.
		Perhaps the platinum group metals will be the catalyst (heh, heh) for profitable asteroid mining, but once we’ve paid the price to develop infrastructure there, we might find it far cheaper to extract nearly pure metals in space and send them back home.
		Asteroid mining seems to be coming at us from various directions.
	www.anthonares.net /2006/02/resource-scarcity-and-asteroid-mining.html (1756 words)

	SPACE.com -- Asteroids: Gold Mine or Pile of Rubble? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		University of Arizonas Lewis adds that many of these asteroids are relatively inexpensive to reach because they have orbits that are remarkably accessible from Earth.
		A typical asteroid would probably be crumbly, resulting in a lot of dust swirling around as the surface is scraped away.
		Also, the scraping, or mining method, would require the securing of the cutting edge against the surface with a type of anchor.
	www.space.com /space/business/asteroid_mining_000210.html (679 words)

	Asteroid Mining
		Not all asteroids have been assayed for precious metals, but a few have.
		M-type (metal) asteroids are also known as iron-nickel because they are composed primarilly of iron/nickel alloy as metal.
		M-type (metal) asteroids are mostly iron and nickel, with a little precious metal, but also has some magnesium.
	chapters.marssociety.org /winnipeg/asteroid.html (1047 words)

	The Challenge of Space Mining
		Both are technological - the bulk of space mining operations are almost certainly going to be robotic rather than human - & involve the creation of spacerated automated materials processing technology for turning floating piles of rock into valuable raw material; & mobile mining technology which can make the raw material available for processing.
		Substantial legal issues have to be addressed before any of this can happen, of course; & for Lunar mining in particular (the issues involving asteroid mining are rather different), these issues are likely to be the most intractable in the short term.
		Asteroid mining may be legal in the absence of any contradictory precedents; but few financiers are likely to invest in a project where the final product can be legally hijacked by independent parties because there is no legally enforceable ownership.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/asteroid-99i.html (2086 words)

	Riches in the Sky: The Promise of Asteroid Mining - Associated Content
		The near-earth asteroids, which closely approach the earth, are classed as Atens, with orbits between the earth and the sun, Apollos, with orbits similar to that of the earth, and Amors, with orbits between the earth and Mars.
		Asteroids are small bodies of rock, metal, and other materials, most of which reside in a belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
		The majority of asteroids are classified as C-Type and have the same composition as the sun, but without the hydrogen.
	www.associatedcontent.com /article/11560/riches_in_the_sky_the_promise_of_asteroid.html (687 words)

	Mining - Vendetta Wiki
		The mining xp you get for mining the ores is negligable but considering the amount of mining that can be done with multiple beams concentrated on a roid/roids over a period of time, it is fairly easy to get the lower-level licenses.
		To mine for good minerals in a new area, it is strictly best to use a Centaur (or just prospect with whatever fast light ship you like, but remember where good 'roids are and how to find them!).
		To mine for minerals either indiscriminately or from asteroids you have previously noted as being good (and can find again without a scanner), it is almost always best to just use a Behemoth.
	www.vo-wiki.com /wiki/index.php?title=Mining (1973 words)

	Japan shoots for a piece of an asteroid - Space News - MSNBC.com
		Within a few months, after surveying the asteroid thoroughly from a safe distance, Hayabusa will swoop down to its surface and grab samples of the dirt for return to Earth, like a spacefaring bird of prey.
		Already closer to the asteroid than the distance between Earth and its moon, Hayabusa is approaching at a relative speed of 225 mph (100 meters per second) and is firing its gentle but exceedingly persistent engine to further slow its speed.
		When Hayabusa was launched two years ago, mission planners expected the probe to be already at the asteroid by this time — but the schedule was delayed because of a crippling event that occurred during the voyage.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/8131678 (854 words)

	Space mining - SWG Wiki
		Using special mining equipment, pilots can gather resources from dozens of asteroids scattered throughout space, selling their gatherings to merchant outposts or player crafters.
		Mining entrepreneurs will receive their first cargo holds, mining lasers and tractor beams from the Corellian Engineering Corporation.
		All mining equipment schematics require asteroid resources, which you may be asked to help acquire.
	www.atombender.de /swgwiki/index.php/Space_mining (900 words)

	Belthazar's Guide to Asteroid Mining in the Polycon Plugin
		I've written this Addendum to cover asteroid mining in the Polycon plugin, and I don't intend it to be nearly as detailed as the main section of the page - only a brief little thing covering the asteroid types, and where to buy and sell them.
		I have a sneaking suspicion that Messiah Mining's Howler is also an asteroid mining weapon, as is evidenced by the fact that one shot destroys an asteroid instantly (and also the fact that it's produced by a mining company, and the fact that the description mentions pulling the metal out of hulls of ships).
		It's hard to tell in the image to the left, but Arthermite asteroids are kind of speckled green and red and browny-tan, and they have a really lopsided-looking rotation, like their rotational axis is off-centre.
	users.tpg.com.au /adsl4vhb/polycon/polycon.html (2677 words)

	[No title]
		For asteroids, this means some kind of crude separation should be done at the asteroid so that much of its mass need not be returned to earth orbit.
		The amount of reaction mass m that must be mined per year is given by m = MV^2/v^2, where V is delta-v for the asteroid, v is the exhaust velocity, and M is the mass of the asteroid.
		For example, if our asteroid masses 2.09e9 kg, our comet masses 5.23e9 kg, they collide at 2 km/s (the faster the better!), and 10% the the comet mass is hit, we will impart a delta-v of of 500 m/s on the asteroid.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs/usr/mnr/st/std070 (3799 words)

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