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Topic: Astigmatism

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	Astigmatism
		Astigmatism is not a disease nor does it mean that you have "bad eyes." It simply means that you have a variation or disturbance in the shape of your cornea.
		Astigmatism is one of a group of eye conditions known as refractive errors.
		Astigmatism is diagnosed in the course of a thorough eye examination.
	drscottmcdonald.com /gpage8.html (731 words)

	Astigmatism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This form of astigmatism is extremely important in ophthalmology, since the human eye often exhibits this aberration due to imperfections in the shape of the cornea or the lens.
		The amount of aberration due to astigmatism is proportional to the square of the angle between the rays from the object and the optical axis of the system.
		Ophthalmic astigmatism is a refraction error of the eye in which there is a difference in degree of refraction in different meridians.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Astigmatism (1369 words)

	[No title]
		Astigmatism is a refractive error which causes blurred or distorted vision.
		With astigmatism, the cornea is "warped", meaning it curves more in one direction and objects appear somewhat indistinct and slanted.It can occur with or without shortsightedness or long-sightedness.
		Astigmatism: Objects are blurred at all distances because the shape of the cornea is not uniform.
	www.medindia.net /Patients/patient_information/astigmatism.htm (1099 words)

	Astigmatism - MayoClinic.com
		Astigmatism is a mild and easily treatable imperfection in the curvature of your eye.
		Astigmatism occurs when the front surface of your eye (cornea) or the lens, inside your eye, has a slightly different surface curvature in one direction from the other.
		Astigmatism is often present at birth and may occur in combination with nearsightedness or farsightedness.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/astigmatism/DS00230 (237 words)

	Astigmatism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Despite the fact that astigmatism causes blurry vision, it is different than nearsightedness or farsightedness because of this doubling effect and the fact that it blurs both your near and your distance vision.
		The amount of astigmatism is the difference between the flattest curvature and the steepest curvature of the cornea.
		Astigmatism can be found in combination with myopia or hyperopia and can be corrected with glasses or contact lenses; however, with soft contact lenses the vision might not be quite as good as with glasses.
	www.fritcheyecare.com /Html/Astigmatism.htm (444 words)

	Astigmatism information from Wikipedia - WrongDiagnosis.com
		In optometry and ophthalmology, astigmatism is a refractive error of the eye in which there is a difference in degree of refraction in different meridians.
		Astigmatism occurs when either the cornea or the lens of the eye is not a figure of revolution or, in other words, is not perfectly smooth or round.
		Although mild astigmatism may be asymptomatic, higher amounts of astigmatism may cause symptoms such as blurry vision, squinting, asthenopia, fatigue, or headaches[6] [7] [8].
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /a/astigmatism/wiki.htm (662 words)

	astigmatism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Though many patients have astigmatism as part of their actual refractive state, the condition doesn't always have to be corrected for in glasses or contact lenses.
		Horizontal astigmatism means it is located in the horizontal meridian (as if one were facing the distant horizon).
		Irregular astigmatism is characterized by asymmetry to the ocular surface.
	library.visioncenterdr.com /Astigmatism.htm (275 words)

	BBC - Health - Conditions - Astigmatism
		Astigmatism is a common condition and is usually present from birth.
		Astigmatism occurs when the front part of the eye, the cornea, is not a regular symmetrical spherical shape.
		Astigmatism should be diagnosed by a qualified optometrist, ophthalmic surgeon or eye specialist.
	www.bbc.co.uk /health/conditions/astigmatism2.shtml (528 words)

	eMedicine - Astigmatism, PRK : Article by Manolette R Roque, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Astigmatism, a refractive condition where the surface of the cornea is not spherical, can decrease visual acuity by forming a distorted image because light images focus on 2 separate points in the eye.
		Reportedly, astigmatism of at least 1.00 D often results after extracapsular cataract extraction, and astigmatism of at least 3.00 D is present in as many as 20% of cases with 10-mm incisions.
		In the refractive laser correction of astigmatism, the key is the use of an elliptical pattern of ablation applied along the central part of the flat meridian that leads to flattening of the steep axis.
	www.emedicine.com /oph/topic657.htm (8413 words)

	Astigmatism
		Another way of correcting for astigmatism with contact lenses is to use a firm or gas permeable lens which neutralizes the toric surface of the cornea.
		The shape of the cornea is distorted, thus, the astigmatism is unpredictable.
		Keratoconus because of its irregular astigmatism and associated corneal thinness is a contra-indication for LASIK (refractive surgery).
	www.coopereyecare.com /astigmatism.htm (346 words)

	Astigmatism - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Astigmatism is a visual disorder where the eye cannot properly focus due to misshapen cornea or lens.
		Although astigmatism is not the same as myopia or hyperopia, it often occurs in people with either of these conditions.
		Astigmatism is a condition in which the uneven curvature of the cornea blurs and distorts both distant and near objects.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /a/astigmatism/intro.htm (879 words)

	Rochester Eye Doc - Astigmatism
		Astigmatism is a vision condition in which light entering the eye is unable to be brought to a single focus, resulting in vision being blurred at all distances.
		Astigmatism is not a disease, but rather, a vision condition that is quite common.
		Typically, astigmatism is caused by the front of your eye (the cornea) being more oval than round, and not allowing light to focus properly on the back of your eye (retina).
	www.rochestereyedoc.com /astigmatism.html (322 words)

	Astigmatism (eye) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Astigmatism is a refractive error of the eye in which there is a difference in degree of refraction in different meridians.
		Although mild astigmatism may be asymptomatic, higher amounts of astigmatism may cause symptoms such as blurry vision, squinting, asthenopia, fatigue, or headaches.
		There are a number of tests used by ophthalmologists and optometrists during eye examinations to determine the presence of astigmatism and to quantify the amount and axis of the astigmatism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Astigmatism_(eye) (601 words)

	Lenticular Astigmatism and Lasik, IntraLasik, PRK, LASEK, Epi-Lasik, RLE, P-IOL, CK, etc
		Astigmatism when applied to the cornea means that the cornea is not spherical like the top of a ball, but oblong like the back of a spoon.
		Lenticular astigmatism means that the natural crystalline lens of the eye is not perfectly symmetrical front and back, but the crystalline lens is misshaped similar to the back of the spoon example.
		Astigmatism, no matter the source, causes light passing through the cornea to focus at more than one location on the retina, causing blurred vision and sometimes ghosting.
	www.usaeyes.org /faq/subjects/lenticular_astigmatism.htm (715 words)

	eMedicine - Astigmatism, LASIK : Article by David R Hardten, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Astigmatism greater than 1.00 D often occurs after extracapsular cataract extraction, and astigmatism greater than 3.00 D is present in as many as 20% of cases with 10-mm incisions.
		Myopic astigmatic corrections are achieved by applying the laser energy in an elliptical pattern along the central part of the flat meridian, thereby flattening the steep axis (see Images 4-5).
		Preoperative myopia averaged -4.50 D, and average astigmatism preoperatively was -1.64 D. Results at 1 year showed residual subjective astigmatism to be -0.40 D. Uncorrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better occurred in 22 out of 27 eyes and 21 of the eyes were within ± -1.00 D of emmetropia.
	www.emedicine.com /oph/topic655.htm (7371 words)

	Astigmatism - Blurry Vision - VisionChannel
		Astigmatism causes blurry vision when looking at objects that are close (e.g., reading a letter) and objects that are far away (e.g., reading a road sign).
		Astigmatism is usually present at birth and often goes unnoticed until the child begins school or starts to read.
		A diagnosis of astigmatism can be made only after a basic eye examination performed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.
	www.visionchannel.net /refractiveerrors/astigmatism.shtml (460 words)

	Astigmatism
		Astigmatism affect a large number of children and is usually present with other vision problems like myopia.
		Astigmatism is mainly caused by an unequal stress pattern held by the ey muscles.
		The less common with-the-rule astigmatism occurs when the refractive power of the cornea is greater along the horizontal meridian, or the 9 O' Clock - 3 O'Clock lien on the watch.
	www.magic-eyes.com /Training/Astigmatism/Astigmatism.htm (315 words)

	Astigmatism and Your Eyes
		Astigmatism is a common eye condition that's easily corrected by eyeglasses, contact lenses or surgery.
		Astigmatism is characterized by an irregular curvature of the cornea.
		Another method for correcting astigmatism is by changing the shape of the cornea through refractive or laser eye surgery.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/63/71979.htm?src=RSS_BLOGGER (543 words)

	Understanding Astigmatism -- the Basics
		Astigmatism is the most common refractive problem responsible for blurry vision.
		Astigmatism can run in families and often occurs in combination with other refractive errors such as nearsightedness or farsightedness.
		A variey of metabolic diseases cause lenticular astigmatism.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/6/1680_53526.htm (495 words)

	Astigmatism and Treatments for Astigmatism - AllAboutVision.com
		Unfortunately, astigmatism can affect their ability to see well in school and during sports, so it's important to have their eyes examined at regular intervals in order to detect any astigmatism early on.
		Astigmatism occurs when the cornea is shaped more like an oblong football than a spherical baseball, which is the normal shape.
		But astigmatism may also result from an eye injury that has caused scarring on the cornea, from certain types of eye surgery, or from keratoconus, a disease that causes a gradual thinning of the cornea.
	www.allaboutvision.com /conditions/astigmatism.htm (799 words)

	Astigmatism
		Yes, astigmatism can certainly increase or decrease with time due to aging changes in the cornea and lens, and for many other reasons.
		First let me briefly explain what astigmatism is. We see when light waves enter the eye and are focused by the cornea and lens to produce an image on the retina.
		Astigmatism is a condition in which light waves are not focused at one point, but rather at two separate focal points because the cornea is not spherical.
	healthlink.mcw.edu /article/901646470.html (260 words)

	Astigmatism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Astigmatism is a general distortion or blurring of both near and far visual images.
		Astigmatism sometimes occurs in conjunction with another vision disorder, such as hyperopia (farsightedness) or myopia (nearsightedness).
		Some people with astigmatism may not be aware of their condition because the brain learns to compensate for the distortion and blurring.
	www.sola.com /consumers/conditions/astigmatism.shtml (281 words)

	Diseases of the Eye - Astigmatism - Aging Eye .com
		With astigmatism, the cornea is "warped", meaning it curves more in one direction than the other distorting or blurring vision for objects at any distance.
		Large amounts of astigmatism are usually inherited, present at birth and frequently remain unchanged throughout life.
		Large amounts of astigmatism are not easily corrected with lenses as it may wobble on the uneven surface of the cornea.
	www.agingeye.com /diseases/other/astigmatism.php?VI=FALSE (255 words)

	Astigmatism
		Although the name sounds awful, astigmatism is a simple condition whereby the cornea (the clear front of the eye) is oval in shape, rather than round (i.e.
		Astigmatism, because of its irregular focusing, has a myriad of possible signs and symptoms.
		Because astigmatism is a structural problem of the eye, there doesn't appear to be a much likelihood of a cure.
	www.domianoeyecare.com /health/astigmatism.htm (271 words)

	ASTIGMATISM
		Astigmatism is a refractive error where in parallel rays of light, coming from infinity, after refraction through the eye, do not come to a point focus on the retina when the accommodation is at rest.
		Regular astigmatism is called with vertical curvature horizontal curvature by 0.25D.
		It is called as against the rule (As age advances, reversal occurs (horizontal curvature in surgical aphakia vertical) astigmatism if the vertical meridian is more hypermetropia (flatter) than the horizontal.
	www.visioncareindia.com /astigmatism.htm (266 words)

	CooperVision USA - Vision Needs - Astigmatism
		Astigmatism is a common visual distortion caused by an irregularly shaped cornea.
		Astigmatism is usually hereditary, although factors, such as low light levels and too much work done close up can contribute.
		The irregular shape of an astigmatic eye cornea and/or lens produces two focusing points in front of or behind the retina in blurred vision.
	www.coopervision.com /us/patient_visionneedsbycat.asp?id=1 (504 words)

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