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In the News (Wed 10 Feb 10)

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	SPACE.com --
		HOUSTON - Astronauts might have to squeeze in a repair operation during this week's spacewalks to mend a torn insulation blanket on the rear section of the space shuttle Atlantis, mission managers said Sunday.
		Seven NASA astronauts are poised to launch into orbit tonight aboard the shuttle Atlantis to haul vital new solar arrays to the International Space Station (ISS).
		WASHINGTON -- NASA's next shuttle astronauts to fly, a blend of veteran spaceflyers and rookies, are in the final month of training for a March construction flight to the International Space Station (ISS).
	www.space.com /missionlaunches/sts117_specialreport_archive.html (3680 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		An astronaut or cosmonaut (IPA:) is a person trained by a human spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft.
		On March 14, 1995 astronaut Norman Thagard became the first American to ride to space on board a Russian launch vehicle, arguably becoming the first "American cosmonaut" in the process.
		The first astronauts, both in the U.S. and USSR, tended to be jet fighter pilots, often test pilots, from military backgrounds.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Astronaut (1498 words)

	Combined Page - Shuttle UPI report and Astronaut Wings
		Astronauts, engineers and others are busily designing repair kits to fit any broken tiles and wing edge strikes that, despite all the changes, might threaten another disaster.
		Ask any astronaut and he or she will say the most exciting day for anyone who wants to travel into space is the day he or she is selected to be an astronaut candidate.
		When Col. Pam Melroy reported to Johnson Space Center for astronaut training in 1995, she was finally completing her plan, conceived from the moment she began courses at Wellesley College in Massachusetts and set foot in undergraduate pilot training in 1985.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/nasa-04zj.html (2475 words)

	CNN - First black astronaut honored 30 years after death - December 8, 1997
		is being recognized as a full-fledged astronaut, the first fl astronaut, in fact.
		But by Air Force standards of the 1960s, the 32-year-old Lawrence, a test pilot with a Ph.D. in chemistry, never earned his astronaut wings since he never flew as high as the required 50 miles.
		Lawrence -- who would have been America's lone fl astronaut until NASA chose three in 1978 -- officially was confirmed as an astronaut by the Air Force last January.
	www.cnn.com /TECH/9712/08/astronaut.ap (562 words)

	Definition of Astronaut wings
		An Astronaut Badge is a military badge of the United States, awarded to military aviation pilots who have completed Astronaut training with NASA and performed a successful space flight.
		The Navy Astronaut Badge is issued in a single degree and consisted of a Naval Aviator Badge with a centered astronaut creast.
		In addition to the Astronaut Badge, which is worn on a military uniform, an Astronaut Pin is also issued to astronauts which is a small astronaut device worn as a lapel pin on their civilian suits.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Astronaut_wings (909 words)

	Astronaut Suit for G2 Male - Poser 7 3D Models Free Content for Animation Figure Design, Poser 6, Clothes, 3D Props, 3D ...
		An astronaut, cosmonaut (Russian: космона́вт), spationaut (French) or taikonaut (Chinese: 太空人; pinyin: tàikōng rén) is a person who travels into space, or who makes a career of doing so.
		The U.S. awards astronaut wings to those who fly into space on their rockets.
		Astronauts are also required to accrue a number of flight hours in high-performance jet aircraft.
	www.contentparadise.com /us/user/astronaut_suit_for_g2_male_product_25530 (379 words)

	Lone Star
		Astronauts are awarded a special pin, "astronaut wings" when they are accepted into that elite group.
		Astronauts flying over 50 miles above Earth are then awarded golden "flown" wings.
		Alan's silver wings lie in a lunar crater containing the Surveyor III spacecraft, launched in early 1967, and watched over by the equipment and lunar descent platfrom from the Apollo 12 mission there in 1969.
	www.novaspace.com /AUTO/LoneStar.html (340 words)

	Astronaut wings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		astronaut wings angel wings wings west louvre wings gundam wings fairy wings chicken wings buffalo wings buffalo wings recipe bleeder wings everquest angel wings tattoo wings west prelude
		As of 2004, only nine pilots — all but one (Michael Melvill) from the X-15 program — have qualified for astronaut's wings by flying an airplane into space.
		Other people awarded astronaut wings so far have travelled into space on rocket boosters, rather than in aerodynamic flight.
	www.purpleuniverse.com /true_associate-Astronaut_wings.html (144 words)

	NASA ASTRONAUTS AND SPACE EXPLORATION NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION NASA SPACE SHUTTLE.
		An astronaut, cosmonaut, spationaut or taikonaut (yuhangyuan) is a person who travels into space, or who makes a career of doing so.
		In 1998 the European Space Agency formed a single astronaut corps of 18 by dissolving the former national corps of France, Germany and Italy.
		U.S. military astronauts receive a special qualification badge, known as the Astronaut Badge upon completion of Astronaut training and participation in a space flight..
	www.solarnavigator.net /aviation_and_space_travel/astronaut.htm (1819 words)

	Benson Space Company (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The spaceship will glide to a soft landing and coast to a stop at the end of the runway, to be met by the operations crew which will return the passenger to their family and friends, their lives changed forever, and will participate in a ceremony to present their astronaut wings.
		Whatever facility we select, it will be full-featured, including astronaut training and educational programs, vehicle and traveler preparation areas, viewing facilities (for family and friends) launch pad and the runway.
		NASA and the US air force issue astronaut wings to anyone who travels over 50 miles in altitude, and most other countries recognize space as beginning at 100 km (62 miles).
	www.bensonspace.com /faqs.html (1917 words)

	White Robert
		On Nov. 9, 1961, he became the first man to fly a winged craft six times faster than the speed of sound when he flew his X-15 at 4,093 miles per hour.
		For this feat, he won the Air Force rating of winged astronaut--the first one awarded to a pilot.
		In October 1963 he returned to Germany, where he served as operations officer for the 36th Tactical Fighter Wing at Bitburg, and later as commander of the 53d Tactical Fighter Squadron.
	www.astronautix.com /astros/whiobert.htm (1148 words)

	Astronaut, Astronauts, Astronaut Picture at SPACE.com
		Since the astronaut Yuri Gagarin made his pioneering exit out of our atmosphere, men and women from 35 countries have joined his notoriety.
		With resources going into the Apollo spacecraft, Saturn Launch Vehicle, and details like mission-specific astronaut suits, the U.S. was finally successful when the Apollo astronauts reached the moon and safely returned in July of 1969.
		Since the infancy of human presence in space, 18 astronauts have died on missions, and 10 more from launches.
	www.space.com /astronaut (430 words)

	X-15: The First Winged Spacecraft
		While most planes take off from their own power, the X-15 was nestled under the wing of a massive B-52 bomber and taken to an altitude of 45, 000 feet and let loose.
		While the plane was at this point the wings and its aerodynamic shape were useless and the plane depended on small reaction controls to maneuver.
		Unfortunately, a few of them were civilians at the time and never received their astronaut wings.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/residence_space/75441 (534 words)

	Spaceline: U.S. Astronaut Drafts: The X-15 Astronauts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		From the earliest days of the U.S. space program, military pilots who have flown in space have been awarded astronaut wings upon completion of their flight in space.
		Military pilots who flew their X-15 aircraft higher than 50 miles were awarded astronaut wings.
		However, since these civilian pilots matched the performance criteria for astronaut wings established by the military, their names are listed here.
	www.spaceline.org /astronauts/x15pilots.html (279 words)

	Astronaut Badge information - Search.com
		The Navy Astronaut Badge is issued in a single degree and consisted of a Naval Aviator Badge with a centered astronaut crest.
		Unlike the Navy, however, the Coast Guard Astronaut Badge is of a different design and consists of an aviator badge centered atop crossed anchors and crested by the astronaut device.
		He said later that since he had worn the silver pin for six years and that he'd be wearing a gold pin after the mission, he wouldn't be needing his silver one any more, so "what better place to leave it than on the moon?".
	www.search.com /reference/Astronaut_Badge (891 words)

	The Astronaut Farmer - Rotten Tomatoes
		The Astronaut Farmer is a charming, inspirational drama that successfully avoids modern cinematic cliches while appealing to the optimistic dreamer in all of us.
		The filmmakers reveal a keen eye for oddities in the American landscape be it a pair of conjoined twins trying to look normal, a huge ark sitting in the middle of a Montana town or a rocket nestled in a barn.
		The Astronaut Farmer could almost be a relic from the golden age of Hollywood, an inspirational drama about staying true to one’s hopes and ideals no matter the social, economic, or emotional cost.
	www.rottentomatoes.com /m/astronaut_farmer (1163 words)

	SPACE.com --
		HOUSTON — Two spacewalking astronauts freed a new piece of the International Space Station (ISS) to rotate independently from the rest of the 233-ton orbital laboratory, paving the way for the deployment of two solar arrays this week.
		Six shuttle astronauts are back at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center (KSC) and preparing for launch less than a week after leaving the Florida spaceport as a tropical storm headed their way.
		Three astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS) are taking a well-earned break one week after NASA’s shuttle Discovery left their orbital laboratory.
	www.space.com /missionlaunches/sts115_specialreport_archive.html (4148 words)

	Astronaut Bio: Paul J. Weitz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		He served for one year at sea aboard a destroyer before going to flight training and was awarded his wings in September 1956.
		He served in various naval squadrons until he was selected as an astronaut in 1966.
		Weitz is one of the 19 astronauts selected by NASA in April 1966.
	www1.jsc.nasa.gov /er/seh/weitz.htm (390 words)

	Tony Nelson
		He was the only astronaut to fly all major US spacecraft -- Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, and the Space Shuttle.
		They had to spend three weeks in isolation after their return, since NASA was still concerned about the astronauts bringing lunar germs back to earth.
		Colonel Nelson was then assigned to assist with the planning of the STS- (shuttle) projects and with training new astronauts in the Astronaut School in Houston.
	www.geocities.com /jeanniesisters/tonybio.html (838 words)

	Engle Bio (89) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Assigned to NASA in 1966, Engle was the first and only astronaut recruit to have previously flown in space.
		Later assigned to the Space Shuttle program, Engle was one of four astronauts named to conduct approach and landing tests on this revolutionary vehicle.
		Engle retired from NASA and the Air Force in November 1986 and was simultaneously promoted to brigadier general in the Kansas Air National Guard.
	www.au.af.mil /au/goe/eaglebios/89bios/engle89.htm (556 words)

	[FPSPACE] Clarification - AF astronaut wings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Matt, NASA never has awarded "astronaut wings" (not counting the embroidered namepatches on Shuttle-flyers nifty blue flight overalls).
		NASA's astronaut office has a forty-year tradition of giving all of its newly-selected civil service astronauts a silver lapel pin with the astronaut symbol (three legged comet with star inside a circular orbit)--they trade it in for a gold pin after their first flights.
		This comet symbol forms the core of the military astronaut wings, and the astronaut lapel pin may have been derived from the military wings.
	www.friends-partners.org /pipermail/fpspace/2005-April/015343.html (305 words)

	North American X-15: Special Aviation Features: Wings Over Kansas
		During the X-15 program, 13 flights met the US criterion for a spaceflight by passing an altitude of 50 miles (80 km) and the pilots were accordingly awarded astronaut status by the USAF.
		As with many of the X-aircraft, the X-15 was designed to be carried aloft under the wing of a B-52.
		The fuselage was long and cylindrical, with fairings towards the rear giving it a flattened look, and it had thick wedge-shaped dorsal and ventral fins.
	www.wingsoverkansas.com /features/article.asp?id=607 (1135 words)

	In Memoriam - Aircraft Accidents
		Ten astronauts have lost their lives in aircraft accidents either while training for or performing a spaceflight.
		Michael Adams was killed when his X-15 was destroyed after achieving an altitude high enough to earn astronaut wings in 1967.
		U.S. Air Force astronaut John McKay died in 1975 from complications resulting from his X-15 accident 12 years prior to his death.
	www.astronautmemorial.net /aircraft.htm (142 words)

	[No title]
		China has revealed the identity of its first astronaut who will go into space by the end of the year.
		He is Chen Long, a trained pilot who was selected for astronaut training in 1996.
		Democratic presidential hopeful Sen. John Kerry, left, sits with former astronaut and retired Sen. John Glenn during a rally at the University of Toledo Wednesday.
	www.lycos.com /info/astronaut--astronauts.html?page=3 (307 words)

	Science Fiction Museum and Hall of Fame -- SFM Features -- Museum News -- SpaceShipOne: Beyond the Stratosphere
		Pilot Mike Melvill flew SpaceShipOne, becoming the first aviator to receive astronaut wings for a privately funded voyage.
		At the highest point of its trajectory (or "apogee"), the ship's wings tilt up into a "feathered" configuration and it begins its descent back to Earth.
		After reentry, the wings return to their normal position and the ship glides to the runway.
	www.sfhomeworld.org /make_contact/article.asp?articleID=149 (410 words)

	Astronaut/Yuhangyuan/Cosmonaut Homepage
		The United States Air Force (USAF) awarded astronaut wings to the eight pilots who flew the X-15 above 80 km.
		This database only contains information on the flights that the Astronauts, Yuhangyuan and Cosmonauts flew or to which were assigned.
		Americans launched on the Soyuz are called astronauts except for Dennis Tito.
	pages.prodigy.net /pxkb94ars/Astro_Main.htm (838 words)

	Re: astronaut wings-why they are obsolete - Forums powered by UBBThreads™ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Second, he was not a member of NASA or the military, which IMO are the only services who can grant wings to be recognized outside of the service as well-as opposed to airlines who put wings on their piltos and flight attendants too, but are recognized only internally.
		Mission specialists, payload specialists, and others who have flown on the space shuttle with NASA HAVE earned their astronaut wings, through the blood, sweat, and tears of being the best and the brightest, and being good enough to make it through the ruthless ASCAN process and then surviving the rigorous training that follows.
		Maybe give them cheap plastic commemorative wings like they give little kids on airplanes, a sort of "I went to the edge of space and all I got was this lousy T-shirt" memorobelia, but I don't think that space tourists should be official astronauts.
	uplink.space.com /showflat.php?Cat=&Board=missions&Number=192045&page=32&view=expanded&sb=5&o=0 (904 words)

	Ken Mattingly
		EDUCATION: Attended Florida elementary and secondary schools and is a graduate of Miami Edison High School, Miami, Florida; received a bachelor of science degree in Aeronautical Engineering from Auburn University in 1958.
		Mattingly began his Naval career as an Ensign in 1958 and received his wings in 1960.
		From December 1979 to April 1981, he headed the astronaut office ascent/entry group.
	www.engology.com /eng5mattingly.htm (823 words)

	Apollo 13 - A Successful Failure
		He was then assigned to VA-35 and flew A1H aircraft aboard the USS Saratoga from 1960 to 1963.
		Mattingly worked as head of astronaut office support to the STS (Shuttle Transportation System) program from January 1973 to March 1978.
		Mattingly also served as the Head of the Astronaut Office DOD Support Group from June 1983 through May 1983.
	liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov /academy/history/apollo-13/mattingly.html (826 words)

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