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Topic: Astronomical aberration

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Aberration of light

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	Aberration of light - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Aberration of light (also referred to as astronomical aberration or stellar aberration) is an astronomical phenomenon defined as an apparent motion of the heavenly bodies; stars describing more or less elliptic annual orbits, according to the latitude of the star; consequently at any moment the star appears to be displaced from its true position.
		Secular aberration is due to the motion of the Sun through space, whose rectilinear motion when combined with a star's rectilinear motion cannot be distinguished from the deflection due to light-time and is thus ignored.
		Aberration is the deflection of the position of a celestial object toward the direction of motion of the observer on Earth due to Earth's velocity relative to inertial space.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Astronomical_aberration (2267 words)

	ABERRATION - LoveToKnow Article on ABERRATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This astronomical phenomenon may be defined as an apparent motion of the heavenly bodies; the stars describing annually orbits more or less elliptical, according to the latitude of the star; consequently at any moment the star appears to be displaced from its true position.
		When the earth is at A, in consequence of aberration, the star is displaced to a point a, its displacement sa being parallel to the earth's motion at A; when the earth is at B, the star appears at b; and so on throughout an orbital revolution of the earth.
		The aberrations can also be expressed by means of the "characteristic function " of the system and its differential coefficients, instead of by the radii, andc., of the lenses; these formulae are not immediately applicable, but give, however, the relation between the number of aberrations and the order.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /A/AB/ABERRATION.htm (7070 words)

	Aberration of light -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Secular aberration is due to the motion of the (A typical star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system) Sun through space, whose rectilinear motion when combined with a star's rectilinear motion cannot be distinguished from the deflection due to light-time and is thus ignored.
		The rest of this article concerns annual aberration due to the velocity of the (The 3rd planet from the sun; the planet on which we live) Earth in its annual orbit about the (A typical star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system) Sun.
		The aberration of light also causes the positions of other stars to be displaced from their average position by up to 20.5" —the variation is dependent upon the Earth's velocity around the Sun and the star's relative direction from our vantage point.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/A/Ab/Aberration_of_light.htm (2112 words)

	Aberration of light: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about Aberration of light
		Aberration of light is an astronomical phenomenon defined as an apparent motion[?] of the heavenly bodies; the stars describing annually orbits more or less elliptical, according to the latitude of the star; consequently at any moment the star appears to be displaced from its true position.
		The discovery of the aberration of light in 1725, due to James Bradley, is one of the most important in the whole domain of astronomy.
		They determined to reinvestigate the motion of γ Draconis; the telescope, constructed by George Graham[?] (1675-1751), a celebrated instrument-maker, was affixed to a vertical chimneystack, in such manner as to permit a small oscillation of the eyepiece, the amount of which, i.e.
	www.encyclopedian.com /ab/Aberration-of-light.html (2187 words)

	Astronomical aberration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Aberration of light (also referred to as astronomical aberration or stellar aberration) isan astronomical phenomenon defined as an apparent motion of theheavenly bodies; stars describing more or less elliptic annual orbits, according to the latitude of the star; consequently at anymoment the star appears to be displaced from its true position.
		Aberration is thedeflection of the position of a celestial object toward the direction of motion of the observer on Earth due to Earth's velocityrelative to inertial space.
		When James Bradley and Samuel Molyneux entered this sphere of astronomical research in 1725,there consequently prevailed much uncertainty as to whether stellar parallaxes had been observed or not; and it was with theintention of definitely answering this question that these astronomers erected a large telescope at the house of the latter at Kew.
	www.therfcc.org /astronomical-aberration-31686.html (2209 words)

	Encyclopedia: Astronomical unit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		For greater precision, the International Astronomical Union in 1976 defined the AU as the distance from the Sun at which a particle of negligible mass, in an unperturbed circular orbit, would have an orbital period of 365.256 898 3 days (a Gaussian year).
		Aberration of light (also referred to as astronomical aberration or stellar aberration) is an astronomical phenomenon defined as an apparent motion of the heavenly bodies; stars describing more or less elliptic annual orbits, according to the latitude of the star; consequently at any moment the star appears to be displaced...
		While the value of the astronomical unit is now known to great precision, the value of the mass of the Sun is not, because of uncertainty in the value of the gravitational constant.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Astronomical-unit (2379 words)

	[No title]
		Aberration: the apparent angular displacement of the observed position of a celestial object from its geometric position, caused by the finite velocity of light in combination with the motions of the observer and of the observed object.
		Aberration, planetary: the apparent angular displacement of the observed position of a celestial body produced by motion of the observer (see aberration, stellar) and the actual motion of the observed object.
		Aberration, stellar: the apparent angular displacement of the observed position of a celestial body resulting from the motion of the observer.
	www.astronomy.gi /glossary.html (6449 words)

	Coeli - Astrogloss, Astronomical Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The aberration of starlight is the apparent displacement of the path of light from a star caused by the orbital motion of the Earth.
		Aristarchus: of Samos (310-230) BC The Greek mathematician and astronomer Aristarchus, c.310 BC, is celebrated as the exponent of a Sun-centred universe and for his pioneering attempt to determine the sizes and distances of the Sun and Moon.
		The angular distance of an object eastwards along the horizon, measured from due north, between the astronomical meridian (the vertical circle passing through the centre of the sky and the north and south points on the horizon) and the vertical circle containing the celestial body whose position is to be measured.
	www.stella2000.com /astrogloss_a.htm (4087 words)

	MSN Encarta - Telescope
		The German astronomer Johannes Kepler discovered the principle of the simple astronomical telescope consisting of two convex lenses.
		Because of difficulties caused by chromatic aberration, early astronomical telescopes had to be of considerable focal length—some of them up to 61 m (200 ft) long.
		A hundred years later, the English astronomer Sir William Herschel successfully tilted the mirror in his telescope and placed the eyepiece so that it did not block the incident rays.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761557777/Telescope.html (1572 words)

	Astronomical aberration
		Astronomical Aberration is a well known physical phenomenon dealing with light and the apparent position of objects.
		When observed from the Earth, light from the Sun or any other astronomical object shows astronomical aberration.
		Their positions are displaced from their average position by up to 20", the variation is actually dependent upon the Earth's motion around the Sun, the star's motion relative to the Sun, and also its relative direction from our vantage point.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/as/Astronomical_aberration.html (204 words)

	Zoom Astronomy Glossary: A
		The discovery of the aberration of light was one of the first proofs that the speed of light was finite; it also provided an early estimate of the speed of light (Bradley calculated that the time it took for light to travel from the Sun to the Earth was 8 minutes and 12 seconds).
		Astronomers can determine the composition of gases in stars by looking for their characteristic frequencies (this is called spectroscopy).
		D'ARREST, H.L. Heinrich Louis d'Arrest (1822-1875) was a Danish astronomer and the co-discoverer of Neptune (in 1846), with Galle.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /subjects/astronomy/glossary (4930 words)

	Glossary of Astronomical Terms
		Aberration of Starlight The apparent displacement of a star's position as a consequence of Earth's motion through space and the finite speed of light.
		Astronomical Unit (AU) The mean distance from the Earth to the Sun, i.e.
		Spherical Aberration An optical aberration in which light from different parts of a mirror or lens is brought to different foci.
	www.astunit.com /tutorials/glossary.htm (4622 words)

	Aberration correction system and astronomical telescope having the same - Patent 6038068
		When an astronomical observation is performed, direct vision spectral prisms 101a and 101b are rotated around an optical axis in opposite directions in accordance with the amount of the atmosphere dispersion to correct the atmosphere dispersion.
		The conventional aberration correction system has been arranged such that the conventional method for correcting the atmosphere dispersion is simply combined with the prime focus corrector system for correcting the aberrations caused from the primary mirror.
		This embodiment is arranged in such a manner that an aberration correction system LA is disposed in place of a secondary mirror of a RC astronomical telescope comprising two axial symmetry reflecting mirrors composed of a primary mirror and the secondary mirror to widen the visual field for observation and correct for atmosphere dispersion.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6038068.html (3719 words)

	Aberration of light
		When James Bradley and Samuel Moineux entered this sphere of astronomical research in 1725, there consequently prevailed much uncertainty as to whether stellar parallaxes had been observed or not; and it was with the intention of definitely answering this question that these astronomers erected a large telescope at the house of the latter at Kew.
		They determined to reinvestigate the motion of g Draconis; the telescope, constructed by George Graham (1675-1751), a celebrated instrument-maker, was affixed to a vertical chimneystack, in such manner as to permit a small oscillation of the eyepiece, the amount of which, i.e.
		The application of this observation to the phenomenon which had so long perplexed him was not difficult, and, in 1727, he published his theory of the aberration of light--a corner-stone of the edifice of astronomical science.
	brandt.kurowski.net /projects/lsa/wiki/view.cgi?doc=563 (2076 words)

	Seth Carlo Chandler, Jr., September 16, 1846—December 31, 1913 \| By W. E. Carter and M. S. Carter \| Biographical ...
		He participated in a historic determination of the astronomic longitude at Calais, Maine, in which the new trans-Atlantic cable was used to relate the local clock to the master clock at the Royal Greenwich Observatory, England.
		In 1888 German astronomer Friedrich Küstner (1888) published the results of his research on the constant of aberration, reporting that his analysis indicated that the latitude of the Berlin Observatory had changed during the period of the observing campaign.
		For example, by re-reducing zenith-tube observations made by the British astronomer Samuel Molyneux and zenith-sector observations made by the British astronomer James Bradley nearly two centuries earlier, Chandler was able to determine polar motion values for the period 1726 to 1731.
	www.nap.edu /readingroom/books/biomems/schandler.html (6111 words)

	Aberration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Aberration (Latin ab, from or away + errare, to wander), a deviation or wandering, especially used in the figurative sense as:
		4.1 Aberration of light, also referred to as astronomical aberration or stellar aberration.
		4.2 Aberration in optical systems, see also the article on lenses.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aberration (128 words)

	JAS: Astronomical Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Aberration, diurnal: the component of stellar aberration (see aberration, stellar) resulting from the observer's diurnal motion about the center of the Earth.
		Thus the position at which the object would actually be seen from the center of the Earth, displaced by planetary aberration (except the diurnal part - see aberration, planetary; aberration, diurnal) and referred to the true equator and equinox.
		, astronomical twilight comprises the interval from 102
	www.jas.org.jo /glos.html (6496 words)

	The Ultimate Astronomical unit - American History Information Guide and Reference
		For greater precision, the International Astronomical Union in 1976 defined the AU as the distance from the Sun at which a particle of negligible mass, in an unperturbed circular orbit, would have an orbital period of 365.2568983 days (a Gaussian year).
		This method was devised by Edmond Halley, and applied to the transits of Venus observed in 1761 and 1769, and then again in 1874 and 1882.
		Another method involved determining the constant of aberration, and Simon Newcomb gave great weight to this method when deriving his widely accepted value of 8.80" for the solar parallax (close to the modern value of 8.794148").
	www.historymania.com /american_history/Astronomical_unit (832 words)

	World Almanac for Kids
		Because of the difficulties caused by spherical aberration, astronomical telescopes had to be of considerable focal length—some of them up to 200 ft (up to 61 m).
		The invention of the achromatic object glass in 1757 by the British optician John Dollond (1706–61), and the improvement of optical flint glass, which began in 1754, soon permitted the construction of improved refracting telescopes.
		In England, telescopes were mounted by having the polar axis supported at each end, but the German system, in which the mounting is in the center and the weight of the telescope is balanced by counterpoises, is not generally used for large refractors, and a modified form is employed for reflectors.
	www.worldalmanacforkids.com /explore/space/telescope.html (1180 words)

	Aberration -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Aberration ((Any dialect of the language of ancient Rome) Latin ab, from or away + errare, to wander), a deviation or wandering, especially used in the figurative sense as:
		In (The philosophical study of moral values and rules) ethics, a deviation from the truth.
		4.2 (Click link for more info and facts about Aberration in optical systems) Aberration in optical systems, see also the article on (A transparent optical device used to converge or diverge transmitted light and to form images) lenses.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/ab/aberration.htm (160 words)

	Encyclopedia: Aberration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This is a disambiguation page â” a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title.
		Aberration in optical systems (lenses, prisms, mirrors or series of them intended to produce a sharp image) generally leads to blurring of the image.
		A lens is a device for either concentrating or diverging light, usually formed from a piece of shaped glass.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Aberration (335 words)

	Aberration of light
		Diurnal aberration is due to Earth's rotation on its axis and does not exceed 0.32".
		The aberration of light also causes the positions of other stars to be displaced from their average position by up to 20.5" -- the variation is dependent upon the Earth's velocity around the Sun and the star's relative direction from our vantage point.
		To familarize ourselves with this phenomenon, the umbrella analogy is possibly the best known figure.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/aberration_of_light (2306 words)

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