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Topic: Astronomical naming conventions

	CalendarHome.com - Astronomy - Calendar Encyclopedia
		Astronomical observations are not only relevant for astronomy as such, but provide essential information for the verification of fundamental theories in physics, such as general relativity theory.
		Historically, amateurs have contributed to many important astronomical discoveries, and astronomy is one of the few sciences where amateurs can still play an active role, especially in the discovery and observation of transient phenomena.
		Later, with the work of astronomers Kepler and Newton, whose work led to the development of celestial mechanics, the mathematical prediction of the motions of celestial bodies interacting gravitationally became the focus of astronomy.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /Astronomy.htm (1913 words)

	Astronomical naming conventions - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Astronomers need to be able to assign systematic designations to unambiguously identify all of these objects, and at the same time give names to the most interesting objects and, where relevant, features of those objects.
		The scientific names are taken from the names given by the Romans; Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.
		These names were based on a system of nomenclature developed in the late 19th century by the Italian astronomer Giovanni V. Schiaparelli (1879) and expanded in the early 20th century by Eugene M. Antoniadi (1929), a Greek-born astronomer working at Meudon, France.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Astronomical_naming_conventions (2718 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> astronomy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Astronomical observations are not only relevant for astronomy as such, but provide essential information for the verification of fundamental theories in physics, such as general relativity theory.
		Historically, amateurs have contributed to many important astronomical discoveries, and astronomy is one of the few sciences where amateurs can still play an active role, especially in the discovery and observation of transient phenomena.
		Later, with the work of astronomers Kepler and Newton, whose work led to the development of celestial mechanics, the mathematical prediction of the motions of celestial bodies interacting gravitationally became the focus of astronomy.
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/astronomy (1879 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Astronomical naming conventions
		Astronomers need to be able to assign systematic designations to unambiguously identify all of these objects, and at the same time give names to the most interesting objects and, where relevant, features of those objects.
		The scientific names are taken from the names given by the Romans; Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.
		These names were based on a system of nomenclature developed in the late 19th century by the Italian astronomer Giovanni V. Schiaparelli (1879) and expanded in the early 20th century by Eugene M. Antoniadi (1929), a Greek-born astronomer working at Meudon, France.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Astronomical_naming_conventions (3509 words)

	USGS Astrogeology: Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature - IAU Rules and Conventions
		Names adopted by the IAU must follow various rules and conventions established and amended through the years by the Union.
		Names will not be assigned to satellites until their orbital elements are reasonably well known or definite features have been identified on them.
		Named features on bodies so small that coordinates have not yet been determined are identified on drawings or images of the body that are included in the IAU Transactions volume of the year when the names were adopted.
	planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov /rules.html (847 words)

	Astronomi - Wikipédia
		Sanajan dua widang éta babagi sumber nu méh sarua, ari sabenerna mah béda pisan; astronomer maké métode ilmiah, sedengkeun astrologer mah henteu.
		Najan astronomer lolobana ngagabungkeun unsur-unsur ti éta dua widang dina panalungtikanana, kusabab bédana kaahlian nu dipaké, kalolobaan astronomer profésional leuwih condong ka salasahijina.
		In the late 10th century, a huge observatory was built near Tehran, Iran, by the astronomer al-Khujandi who observed a series of meridian transits of the Sun, which allowed him to calculate the obliquity of the ecliptic.
	su.wikipedia.org /wiki/Astronomi (1444 words)

	Finance Choices - Personal Finance Wiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Astronomers can determine the mass, age, chemical composition and many other properties of a star by observing its spectrum, luminosity and motion through space.
		By convention, astronomers grouped stars into constellations and used them to track the motions of the planets and the inferred position of the Sun.
		William Herschel was the first astronomer to attempt to determine the distribution of stars in the sky.
	www.financechoices.co.uk /personal-finance-wiki.php?title=Star (7727 words)

	Astronomical naming conventions - LearnThis.Info Enclyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		This limit is approximate, as it varies by the acuity of any given observer's eyes, but ten thousand stars (the naked-eye stars to visual magnitude six) seems to be an upperbound to what is physiologically possible.
		Our own planet is named the Earth, although it is only recently in human history that it has been thought of as a planet.
		Sightings of minor planets (also known as planetoids) such as asteroids and comets are initially assigned provisional designations when observed, with names like "2001 KX76" (the first part is a year; the second part defines a sequential order of discovery within that year, see provisional designation for details).
	encyclopedia.learnthis.info /a/as/astronomical_naming_conventions.html (2256 words)

	How Are Minor Planets Named?
		Names are judged by the fifteen-person Committee for Small-Body Nomenclature (formerly the Small Bodies Names Committee) of the International Astronomical Union, comprised of professional astronomers (with research interests connected with minor planets and/or comets) from around the world.
		Names for persons or events known primarily for their military or political activities are acceptable only after 100 years elapsed since the person died or the event occurred.
		Accepted names become official when they are published, along with their accompanying citations, in the Minor Planet Circulars, issued monthly by the Minor Planet Center (an official service of IAU Commission 20).
	cfa-www.harvard.edu /iau/info/HowNamed.html (663 words)

	International Astronomical Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is internationally recognized as the authority responsible for naming stars, planets, asteroids, and other celestial bodies and phenomena in the scientific community.
		The IAU is also responsible for the system of Astronomical Telegrams which are produced and distributed on its behalf by the Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams.
		The IAU currently has 9040 individual members - i.e., professional astronomers - (mainly) at the PhD level; and 63 national members, i.e., countries that are affiliated with the IAU.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/International_Astronomical_Union (307 words)

	Space and Sanity: Star Names
		Some of its features are named after female deities and mythical heroines from a variety of cultures and mythologies; its craters, however, are named in honour of real women — famous ones from history, and those who contributed significantly to science, the arts or any other aspect of human culture.
		Naming lunar and planetary features is the responsibility of an IAU committee called the Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN); anyone may propose names, but the WGPSN decides which ones are accepted as official names.
		When he observed the comet which now bears his name, at its apparition of 1682, he realised that it was the same comet which had previously been seen in 1531 and 1607, and predicted that it would return in 1758-59.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /neil.haggath/starnamespage3.html (1784 words)

	Astronomy - Internet-Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Astronomy is not to be confused with astrology, a pseudoscience that attempts to predict a person's destiny by tracking the paths of astronomical objects.
		Although the two fields share a common origin, they are quite different; astronomers embrace the scientific method, while astrologers do not.
		Although most astronomers incorporate elements of both into their research, because of the different skills involved, most professional astronomers tend to specialize in one or the other.
	www.internet-encyclopedia.com /ie/a/as/astronomy.html (1695 words)

	Astronomical naming conventions - The Jiggies Reference Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Our own planet is named the Earth, although it is only recently in human history that it has been thought of as a planet.
		IAU rules specify themes for naming planetoids: for example, all planetoids in Pluto-like orbits ("plutinos") are to be named after creation deities (such as 50000 Quaoar).
		Comets are also usually named after their discoverers so you get names like C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp), although some periodic comets such as 2P/Encke and 27P/Crommelin are named instead after the persons who calculated their orbits (in pre-computer days, when doing so was an arduous task).
	www.jiggies.com /reference/Astronomical_naming_conventions (2197 words)

	ipedia.com: Astronomy Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Astronomy is not to be confused with astrology, a pseudoscience that attempts to predict a person's destiny by tracking the paths of astronomical objects.
		The late 9th century Islamic astronomer al-Farghani (Abu'l-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Kathir al-Farghani) wrote extensively on the motion of celestial bodies.
		In the late 10th century, a huge observatory was built near Tehran, Iran, by the astronomer al-Khujandi who observed a series of meridian transits of the Sun, which allowed him to calculate the obliquity of the ecliptic.
	www.ipedia.com /astronomy.html (1562 words)

	Namespace - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		In general, a namespace is an abstract container, which is or could be filled by names, or technical terms, or words, and these represent (stand for) real-world things.
		As a rule, names in a namespace cannot have more than one meaning, that is, two or more things cannot share the same name.
		Each language is a namespace, whether it is a natural or ethnic language, a constructed language, the technical terminology of a profession, a dialect, a sociolect, or an artificial language (e.g., a programming language).
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Namespace (225 words)

	ScienceDaily: Astronomy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Astronomers Find Sun's Coolest Neighbors (June 3, 1999) -- A pair of near-infrared telescopes sponsored by NASA and the National Science Foundation has detected the coolest brown dwarfs ever seen -- celestial objects that are neither fish nor fowl, or in...
		Dark And Distant Heavenly Bodies Revealing The Secrets Of Star And Galaxy Formation (July 21, 2006) -- British astronomers are releasing the first data from the largest and most sensitive survey of the heavens in infrared light to scientists across Europe.
		Astrophysics -- Astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that deals with the physics of the universe, including the physical properties (luminosity, density, temperature and chemical composition) of astronomical...
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/astronomy (1406 words)

	Media Man
		By convention, astronomers grouped stars into constellations and used them to track the motions of the planets and the inferred position of the Sun.[5] The motion of the Sun against the background stars (and the horizon) was used to create calendars, which could be used to regulate agricultural practices.
		Detailed observations of many binary star systems were collected by astronomers such as William Struve and S. Burnham, allowing the masses of stars to be determined from computation of the orbital elements.
		Circa 1600, the names of the constellations were used to name the stars in the corresponding regions of the sky.
	www.mediaman.com.au /profiles/star.html (2532 words)

	2003 UB313 Xena
		The discovery web page URL uses the name "Planet Lila" (named after Michael Brown's newborn daughter, Lilah), and the team have also been informally referring to the object by the codename "Xena", after the television series Xena: Warrior Princess, but neither is the name put forward to the IAU.
		Sadly, the name Persephone was used in 1895 as a name for the 399th known asteroid.
		However, astronomers have calculated that even if it reflected all the light it receives (corresponding to a maximum albedo of 1.0), it would still have to be about as large as Pluto (2390 km).
	www.crystalinks.com /xena.html (1983 words)

	star
		Early astronomers such as Tycho Brahe identified new stars in the heavens, suggesting that the heavens were not immutible.
		At about the year 1600, the names of the constellations were used to name the stars in the corresponding regions of the sky.
		Recent work by Donald Figer, an astronomer at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Maryland, suggests that 150 solar masses is the upper limit of stars in the current era of the universe.
	hometown.aol.de /muckezak/wo-17277.html (5348 words)

	Re: Astronomical naming conventions - Astronomy.com Forums
		The International Astronomical Union (IAU) is the body recognized by astronomers worldwide as the naming authority for astronomical bodies.
		Last reply I recieved from the IAU was that those bodies were referenced by the community, up to what ever the general comunity thought they should be, so no formal convention for that classification exists.
		Which is generally acceptable by the whole of the astronomical community..
	www.astronomy.com /ASY/CS/forums/288838/PrintPost.aspx (328 words)

	The Yale Herald - Feb 27, 2004 - Yale professor and colleagues discover planetoid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Rabinowitz related that astronomical naming conventions dictate that objects in this part of the solar system be named for mythological underworld deities.
		Rabinowitz and his colleagues have only completed a third of their systematic observation of the sky, which also yielded the discovery of Quaoar, an object 1250 kilometers in diameter found in the summer of 2002.
		Using new camera technology, the astronomers hope to detect more "cousins of Pluto" in this area of the solar system that may even exceed the size of the familiar ninth planet (2300 kilometers in diameter).
	www.yaleherald.com /article-p.php?Article=3023 (309 words)

	directopedia : Directory : Science : Astronomy
		The Astronomical Society of the Pacific is an international nonprofit scientific and educational organization founded in 1889 that works to increase understanding and appreciation of astronomy.
		The Astronomical Applications Department of the U.S. Naval Observatory computes, from fundamental astronomical reference data, the position, brightness, and other observable characteristics of celestial bodies, as well as the circumstances of astronomical phenomena.
		Modern astronomy as practiced is not to be confused with astrology, the belief system that states that people's destiny and human affairs in general are correlated to the positions of celestial objects in the skies.
	www.directopedia.org /directory/Science-Astronomy.shtml (2580 words)

	Istria on the Internet - Astronomy - Observatories
		The oldest astronomical observatory in present-day Croatia was established in Pula in 1871 as part of the Hydrographical Institute of the Imperial and Royal Navy.
		In 1874 he found his first object and named it in honour of the Empire and according to the prevailing naming conventions, (136) Austria (Palisa 1874).
		In 1993, a new observatory was founded in Mali Lošinj on the 100th anniversary of the founding of the previous observatory by Gopcevic and thereby named the Astronomical Society “Leo Brenner”.
	www.istrianet.org /istria/astronomy/observatories.htm (825 words)

	[No title]
		To conform to this convention, the character string value on the previous keyword must end with the ampersand character ('&'), but the ampersand is not part of the value string and should be deleted before concatenating the strings together.
		KEYWORD: FILTER REFERENCE: HEASARC HDU: any DATATYPE: string COMMENT: name of filter used during the observation DEFINITION: The value field shall contain a character string which gives the name of the filter that was used during the observation to select or modify the radiation that was transmitted to the detector.
		The name can contain any number of characters as long as it fits within columns 11 and 80 of the card image and also leaves enough space for the equal sign separator and the value field.
	heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov /docs/fcg/common_dict.html (4974 words)

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