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Topic: Asturian language

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	Asturian language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Asturian or Asturleonés (Bable in Asturian) is a Romance language spoken in some parts of the provinces of Asturias and León in Spain, and in the area of Miranda de Douro in Portugal (where it is co-official and officially called 'Mirandese').
		There was a diglossia conflict between Asturian and Spanish, which resulted in some scholars considering it a dialect of Spanish.
		The situation of Asturian in other parts of Spain is critical, with a large decline in the number of speakers in the last 100 years.
	www.ceca.de /encyclopedia/a/as/asturian_language.html (184 words)

	Mirandese language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Mirandese language (Lhéngua Mirandesa in Mirandese; Língua Mirandesa or Mirandês in Portuguese) is spoken in northeastern Portugal.
		It a descendant of the ancient Leonese language of northern Iberia, the last remnant of the ancient language of the Kingdom of León.
		Since 1986/1987 the language is taught to students between the age of 10 and 11, and the language is recovering.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mirandese (434 words)

	Asturian language -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The language developed from Latin with contributions from the pre-Roman languages which were spoken in the territory of the Astures, an ancient tribe of the (A peninsula in southwestern Europe) Iberian peninsula.
		However, the situation of Asturian is critical, with a large decline in the number of speakers in the last 100 years.
		In spite of all the difficulties that government policies (both the Asturian government and the Spanish government) have caused, the number of young people learning and using it (mainly as a written language) has substantially increased in recent years, mainly among intellectual groups and politically active Asturians and Leonese proud of their regional identity.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/A/As/Asturian_Language.htm (384 words)

	MERCATOR :: Bulletin 37: Law 1/98, of March 23, on the Use and Promotion of the Asturian Language
		Knowledge of the Bable/Asturian language shall be an advantage in public competition announced by Asturias, as demanded by the characteristics of the post and duties to be developed.
		Asturian Town Councils shall be able to take the necessary measures to ensure the effectiveness of the exercise of the linguistic rights that this Law grants to all citizens residing in Asturias.
		The Galician-Asturian language shall have a similar treatment to the Asturian language with regard to its protection, respect, teaching, use and tutelage in its territory.
	www.ciemen.org /mercator/butlletins/37-03.htm (1682 words)

	ASTURIANO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Asturian is spoken throughout the Principality of Asturias, except for the area bordering Galicia where a natural mixture of languages (Galician and Asturian) occurs.
		Asturian is also spoken in the North and West of the Province of León, but there is no official cooperation between the Asturian and Leonese regional governments as regards language promotion.
		Asturian is recognized and protected by the Statute of Autonomy of Asturias, but it is not recognized as an official language.
	www.minority2000.net /Gr-75/t60gb.htm (368 words)

	EUROPA - Education and Training - Europa - Regional and minority languages - Euromosaïc study (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Asturian is the autochtonous language of Asturias and some parts of the provinces of León and Zamora (Spain) and the area surrounding the city of Miranda do Douro (Portugal).
		In this context, the Asturian generation of writers and linguists born after the civil war began to make an impact on the Asturian scene: in 1974, the Conceyu Bable (the "Asturian Language Council") was established; they gave a radically new vision to both Asturian language and literature.
		However, this body did not achieve official status for the language in the Statute of Autonomy (1981), although the existence of the Asturian language was recognised, and the Academia de la Llingua Asturiana was established as an official academy by the Principality of Asturias.
	europa.eu.int /comm/education/policies/lang/languages/langmin/euromosaic/es2_en.html (5236 words)

	Asturian in Spain
		Regional or minority languages are languages which differ from the official language of the state where they are spoken and which are traditionally used within a given territory by nationals of that state who form a group numerically smaller than the rest of the population.
		The importance of the Asturian language in the Middle Ages is revealed, for example, in the Fuero de Avilés (considered to be the first document written in Romanic) and the Fuero de Oviedo or, in the Asturian version of the Fuero Juzgo as well.
		The Academy of the Asturian Language is the ultimate linguistic body in the Principality of Asturias and it determines the official spelling standards to be applied in written documents and in teaching.
	www1.fa.knaw.nl /mercator/regionale_dossiers/regional_dossier_asturian_in_spain.htm (5689 words)

	General Overview of the Asturian language
		In this context, the Asturian generation of writers and linguists born after the civil war began to make an impact on the Asturian scene: in 1974, the Conceyu Bable (the "Asturian Language Council") was established; they gave a radically new vision to both Asturian national language and Asturian national literature.
		In 1973 the I Asturian Assembly of the Bable was celebrated in Uvieu and marked the beginning of the process of political and social mobilisation on behalf of the Asturian language.
		Asturian is distinguished by the neuter agreement of the adjectives with the nouns of substance, cf.
	www.orbilat.com /Languages/Asturian/Asturian.htm (5767 words)

	ASTURIAN LANGUAGE FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Asturian, Leonese, Astur-Leonese or Bable (Asturianu in Asturian, LlÃ¯onÃ©s in Leonese) is a Romance language spoken in some parts of the provinces of Asturias, LeÃ³n, Zamora and Salamanca in Spain, and in the area of Miranda_de_Douro in Portugal (where it is officially recognized as Mirandese).
		The language developed from Latin with contributions from the pre-Roman languages which were spoken in the territory of the Astures, an ancient tribe of the Iberian_peninsula.
		At the end of the 20th_century, the Academia_de_la_Llingua_Asturiana made efforts to provide the language with most of the tools needed by a language to ensure its survival: a grammar, a dictionary, and periodicals.
	velocipay.com /Asturian_language (378 words)

	Wiktionary:Multilingual coordination - Wiktionary
		We are aware that many of the world's 6,500 languages are not well-represented on computers or the web, and we are committed to working with language speakers and computing organizations to support as many languages as possible (right to fork).
		The URL of the wiktionary for a given language is xx.wiktionary.org, where xx is the 2-letter language code as per ISO 639.
		For languages without an ISO 639 2-letter language code, the 3-letter language code is used, or if that also does not exist, a custom 3-letter language code is made.
	en.wiktionary.org /wiki/Wiktionary:Multilingual_coordination (555 words)

	Read about Asturian language at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Asturian language and learn about Asturian language ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In Asturias it is protected under the Autonomous Status legislation and is an optional language at schools.
		The language developed from Latin with contributions from the pre-Roman languages which were spoken in the territory of the
		Castilian Spanish came to the area later, in the 14th century, when the central administration sent emissaries and functionaries to occupy political and ecclesiastical offices.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Asturian (387 words)

	Station Information - Asturian language
		Asturian or Asturleonés (also Bable, but this is a derogatory term) is a Romance language spoken in some parts of the provinces of Asturias and León in Spain, and in the area of Miranda de Douro in Portugal (where it is co-official and officially called 'Mirandese').
		Much effort has been made since 1980 to protect and promote Asturian among the Asturian population.
		However, establishing the language as a co-official tongue is still awaited in most areas to better protect this minority romance language.
	www.stationinformation.com /encyclopedia/a/as/asturian_language.html (182 words)

	Articles - Asturian language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Asturian, Leonese, Astur-Leonese or Bable (Asturianu in Asturian, LlÃ¯onÃ©s in Leonese) is a Romance language spoken in some parts of the provinces of Asturias, LeÃ³n, Zamora and Salamanca in Spain, and in the area of Miranda de Douro in Portugal (where it is officially recognized as Mirandese).
		In 1994 there were 100,000 first language speakers, and 450,000 second language speakers able to speak or understand Asturian.
		At the end of the 20th century, the Academia de la Llingua Asturiana made efforts to provide the language with most of the tools needed by a language to ensure its survival: a grammar, a dictionary, and periodicals.
	www.poncier.com /articles/Asturian_language (391 words)

	Asturian language
		Asturian or Asturleonés (also Bable, but this is a derogatory term) is a Romance language spoken in some parts of the provinces of Asturias and León in Spain, and in the area of Miranda de Douro in Portugal (where it is co-official and officially called Mirandes).
		Some scholars account it as a dialect of Spanish, whereas others treat it as a separate language.
		The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/as/Asturian_language.html (83 words)

	Ethnologue: Spain
		Children ages 6 to 16 are obliged to study Asturian in school; it is voluntary for those 16-19.
		The Academy of the Asturian Language was formed in 1981, to revive the academy of the 18th century.
		It has had many decades of development as a language of serious literature, including poetry, essays on novel, ideological, philosophical, and sociological topics, and for all levels of education, including higher education.
	www.christusrex.org /www3/ethno/Spai.html (1795 words)

	GeoNative - Asturies - Asturias - Asturian-Leonese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Asturian has some oficial status since 1998, but no oficiality.
		Teaching of the language (not in the language) is guaranteed and some administrative uses are also regulated.
		language is the best known and situated, but there are other varieties: Leonese and Sanabrese spoken in the provinces of Leon and Zamora, in the autonomous region of
	www.geocities.com /Athens/9479/astur.html (454 words)

	U.S.ENGLISH Foundation Official Language Research - Spain: Minority groups
		The fact that the Asturian language does not have an official status in the country has caused a problem in the electoral process and set off a case of linguistic discrimination.
		The Electoral Board argued that as the Asturian language does not have the official status, the ballots in the Principality of Asturias may only be written in the official language, Castilian, without any prejudice to the Act 1/1998 on the promotion of Bable-Asturian.
		In general terms, the present report, which is based on an analysis of 737 cases, underlines that language rights are systematically infringed in the three administrative divisions in which Basque is spoken: the Basque Autonomous Community, the Autonomous Community of Navarre, and the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in France.
	www.us-english.org /foundation/research/olp/viewResearch.asp?CID=31&TID=4 (2254 words)

	Universitas Helsingiensis 2/00
		Despite controversy connected to the classification of some languages as minor due to certain criteria, the average citizen is now aware of the existence of languages such as Frisian, Sámi, Occitan or Ladin.
		It is remarkable that this language which had to cope with the presence of the Portuguese language for centuries, survived.
		Leite de Vasconcelos defined Mirandese as "the language of the countryside, of home and love." It has been and still is mainly a language used only among the native people of the area, excluding all those who migrated there as public servants, military or other.
	www.helsinki.fi /lehdet/uh/200o.htm (1099 words)

	Asturian-American Migration Forum :: View topic - Can anyone recommend a good Asturian-Castilian dictionary?
		Another good dictionary to start to learn Asturian is Diccionariu Temáticu Asturianu by Ramón d'Andrés(Alborá Llibros 1991).In this dictionary words are classified by themes:Nature, Society, Man, being sometimes easier to find the right word in Asturian.
		What Jesus Neira did was to gather all class of popular words, mixing Asturian words, Castilian words correctly pronounced, Castilian words pronounced with Asturian accent, and aberrant words that are correct neither in a language nor in another one.
		All it directed to produce the sensation of degradation and little linguistic entity of the Asturian, the vision of a infinite dialectal fragmentation, and the impossibility to elaborate a cultured norm, to teach it in the school, and to make of our language a culture vehicle.
	www.asturianus.org /forum/viewtopic.php?p=924 (1054 words)

	Asturshop.com
		Ramon d'Andrés, academic of the asturian language, says in the prologue: "Even when it doesn't seem to be credible, this book can be useful not just for those who agree with the normalization of the asturian language, but for those who aren't"
		In the dark silence of coal mine, many times it's essential to break the fear with the song, sing to take away the constant anxiety, and also sing to the almost unconfessable beauty of the dark mine, the most thrilling and the beautiest side of the hard miner's work.
		Asturian bagpiper Hevia, who made the midi bagpipe, presents his third record, in wich he melts together different musical influences taken from the most different places and mixed up with traditional asturian folk songs.
	www.asturies.com /asturshop/indexen.htm (443 words)

	Asturian Translation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Basque Act on Linguistic Policy Law on the Asturian Language Decree 125/2000 Decree on Basque Language...
		Asturian Language Swear Words and Phrases and their English Translations.
		Asturian is spoken in: The Principality of Asturias (North-West Spain...
	www.directtranslations.com /Asturian-translation.html (519 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		After the Roman conquest, from the year 19 B.P. onwards, the pre-Romanic languages began to disappear, losing their strength to the invaders' language: Latin.
		At the start of the nineteen seventies, after the long darkness of dictatorship, there was an authentic explosion of activity in defence of and assertting the right to use the Asturian language, which was accompanied by a real literary boom known as the Resurdimientu, or resurgence.
		In 1981 the Government Assembly of the Princedom of Asturies created the Academy of the Asturian language, and the Asturian language began once again to look to the future with self-confidence as the task of normalisation began.
	www.asturies.com /belenos/memoriacelta/english/llingua.htm (195 words)

	Spain News - Asturian language office opens in Gijón
		Gijón Town Hall opened the Municipal Office of the Asturian Language yesterday, a new body set up by the socialist coalition government formed by the PSOE and the IU (United Left).
		The aim of the new organisation is "to encourage the normalisation, use and presence of the Asturian language in all aspects of the social and cultural life of Gijón."
		The office, which is situated in the Casa de Nave on the calles Salamanca, aims to offer language training, translation and correction services for the town hall itself, local businesses, associations and private individuals.
	www.thinkspain.com /news-spain/2246 (357 words)

	Spain News - Gijón to celebrate first Asturian language workshops for children
		Gijón to celebrate first Asturian language workshops for children
		The new Gijón Town Hall Asturian language department will celebrate the first language workshop for children tomorrow which is being held to get an idea of roughly how many of the town´s children currently in secondary education speak Asturian on any kind of regular basis.
		The workshops, which will be held in the Asturian People Museum, will consist of traditional games, the showing of two short films; "I know what you need," by Ángeles Cachón and "7337," by Sergio Sánchez, open discussions with local writer, Adolfo Camilo Díaz, and the artist and comic illustrator, Alberto Vázquez.
	www.thinkspain.com /news-spain/4695 (378 words)

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