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	The Aswan Dam
		The High dam was actually the second dam at Aswan, the first one having been built in 1889.
		Due to the irregular flooding pattern of the Nile river and increased water demands, the dam had to be raised on 2 occasions (1912 and 1933) in order to ensure its continued usefulness and safety.
		Dams, like any other technical "advancement", need to be analyzed not only on the basis of their perceived economic benefits and their dollar cost, but also on their environmental, and social impacts as well.
	carbon.cudenver.edu /stc-link/aswan1 (426 words)

	Aswan Dam Model Verified by Vibration Tests (ANCONEWS VOL. 2 NO. 4)
		The lower Aswan dam, constructed across the Nile in 1898-1902 under the direction of the famed British engineer, Sir Benjamin Baker, was hailed as an engineering marvel at the beginning of the twentieth century.
		The lower dam was used to control the Nile flooding for the 1,000 kilometers between Aswan, Cairo, and the Mediterranean Sea, and revolutionized Egyptian irrigation and agriculture.
		The lower dam continues to be important for tail race control at the upper dam, as a vital Nile road traffic crossing, and because the city of Aswan (with a population of approximately 200,000) lies directly below the lower dam.
	www.ancoengineers.com /Articles/5.2.13.html (649 words)

	Hydro Development in Egypt- Lessons from High Aswan Dam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		In addition to that, the High Aswan Dam had a positive impact on the rapid growing development of Aswan province, specially influx of tourists, fishing wealth, and changing Aswan from a punishment area to be the best winter resort all over the world.
		The dam is built in the shape of a pyramid where its width at the bottom of the river bed is 980m and 40m at the crest The height of the dam above the river bed is 111 m.
		The body of the dam is constructed of granite blocks, sand and clay, in the midst of which is a clay core to prevent the seepage of water connected in the front part with a horizontal blanket of clay for the same purpose.
	www.dams.org /kbase/submissions/showsub.php?rec=opt041 (3016 words)

	Aswan and Elephantine
		Aswan is a border town, 900km (558 miles) south of Cairo, and is situated at the First Cataract, where modern Egypt begins.
		The dam is 3600 metres in length, 980 metres wide at the base, 40 metres wide at the crest and 111 metres tall.
		When the dam almost overflowed in 1946, it was decided that rather than raise the dam a third time, a second dam would be built six kilometres upriver.
	www.egyptologyonline.com /aswan1.htm (1523 words)

	Aswan Dam Case Study
		The Aswan dam, a rock-fill dam across the Nile River, was “completed in 1970...at the cost of about $1 billion” (www.britannica.com) of the greatest engineering projects ever executed, with a bulk 16 times that of the Great Pyramid at Giza.
		In 1997, UNESCO opened the Nubia Museum, in Aswan, which presents “a complete display of the Nubian region civilization and its cultural heritage” (Museum Website).The museum is devoted to the Egyptian part of Nubia, or Lower Nubia, which was entirely drowned by the waters of Lake Nasser, after the building of the Aswan dam.
		However, the Aswan Dam does have its benefits: the annual Nile flood is now controlled by man “for the first time in history” (www.britannica.com), the flood water is impounded to irrigate thousands of new acres of land, the dam generates enormous amounts of hydroelectricity, and the reservoir supports a fishing industry.
	www.arch.mcgill.ca /prof/sijpkes/arch374/winter2001/dbiggs/aswan.html (424 words)

	Aswan Dam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Map of Egypt showing the location of [[Aswan and Lake Nasser]] Aswan is a city on the first cataract of the Nile in Egypt.
		Two dams straddle the river at this point: the newer Aswan High Dam, and the older Aswan Dam or Aswan Low Dam.
		Aswan Low Dam Aswan High Dam Aswan High Dam (NASA satellite photo) A view from the vantage point in the middle of High Dam towards the "Lotus Flower" tower A wall commemorating the completion of Aswan High Dam A closeup view of the Soviet-Egyptian friendship monument
	aswan-dam.iqnaut.net (1038 words)

	Aswan travel guide - Wikitravel
		Aswan is the smallest of the three major tourist cities based on the Nile.
		Aswan was the gateway to Africa, and many raiding parties began their travel south from Aswan.
		Aswan is the ideal base for trips to the nearby attractions of the Aswan High Dam and the temple of Philae.
	wikitravel.org /en/Aswan (1351 words)

	Egyptian Journey 2003: Photos: Aswan: High Dam
		The impact of the high dam is honestly much more interesting than the dam itself, although a drive across the High Dam seems to be an integral part of a visit to Aswan.
		There are actually two Aswan dams - the original one built in 1902 and the High Dam which created Lake Nasser, the world's largest reservoir.
		The dam is quite different than other huge dams -- instead of a monolithic wall of concrete arced across a river, the High Dam is more of a giant pyramid stretched across the water.
	www.phouka.com /pharaoh/egypt/photos/aswan/dam-01.html (282 words)

	Dams at Aswan, Egypt - Travel Photos by Galen R Frysinger, Sheboygan, Wisconsin
		The Old Dam was enlarged twice in the early part of this century.
		By holding back water, the Aswan Dam created the world’s largest man-made lake: Lake Nasser, in honor of the president Gamal Abdel Nasser, who died the year the dam was finished.
		The construction of the High Dam is considered the greatest public work to be undertaken in Egypt since the pyramids.
	www.galenfrysinger.com /aswan_dams.htm (446 words)

	Aswan Dam, Travel with Bob and Betty Van Leer
		The Low Dam, 3.5 miles downstream from the High Dam, was built between 1899 and 1902 and has been remodeled several times since.
		The dam is 111 meters high with a width of nearly 1000 meters.
		Aswan is the big city of the region with 1.2 million residents.
	www.bobvanleer.com /Egypt2006/20060206_AswanDam.htm (851 words)

	The Aswan Dam
		Damming the Nile it would eliminate the frequent inundation from flooding that occurred and allow for stored water to be provided during times of drought.
		But, before the dam could be built a massive effort was required to save many historical artifacts that would have been covered by the waters of Lake Nasser.
		After the construction of the old dam in 1904 the island was virtually covered by water for most of the year and only visited during August when the flood gates were opened.
	www.anniebees.com /Egypt/Aswan_2.htm (709 words)

	The Environmental Effects of the High Dam at Aswan
		This dam was designed to generate hydroelectric power and, to decrease the seasonal fluctuations in the Nile flow (without carrying any water storage over from one year to another).
		The decrease in the water turbidity (from 30-3000 mg/l to 15-40 mg/l) caused an increase in the phytoplankton density.
		Limiting the water flow downstream of the dam (from flow ranging between 45 to 150 billions cubic meters a year to an averaged flow of 55 billions cubic meters a year), had decreased the amount of fresh water that reaches the delta's aquifer.
	www.gps.caltech.edu /classes/ge148/1997C/Reports/148niled.html (2984 words)

	Aswan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Aswan is situated at the south end of the section of the Nile plied by the cruise fleets, and just upriver is the First Cataract, the old Aswan Dam, and further, the High Dam.
		Aswan used to be the border trading city for Egypt and adjoining Nubia, and the rest of southern Africa, and a high percentage of Aswan's population are of Nubian descent.
		Of the nearby temples, Philae in the middle of the lake between the dams is most often visited by organised tours, and is another venue for evening Son et Lumiere presentations.
	www.horus.demon.co.uk /Nile/Aswan.html (266 words)

	Hermes Group - Egypt - Aswan Info
		Opposite to Sian or Aswan, is Abou or the island of elephants, capital of the first district in Egypt, housing the palace of its governor….
		Aswan gained more importance, after the high dam construction in 1972, it became a source of electrical energy and a water reservoir…
		High dam, one of the world's largest dams (2100000 kw) and its lake, the second in the world, spreads to Sudan (500 km.
	www.hermes-group.com /Egypt/Aswan.html (517 words)

	SAKKARA:: Egypt Info & Highlights Details for Aswan
		There is also a small chapel, which can be reached from stairs in the first chamber, which then descend from the roof into the chapel set inside the wall.As you leave the temple, be sure to note the rear wall with images of Mandulis with his vulture-feathered cloak.
		The dam is 11,811 feet long, 3,215 feet wide and 364 feet high.
		This pink granite mausoleum in Aswan was built in 1950 for the spiritual leader of the Ismailis, a Shiite.
	www.sakkaragroup.com /cityDetails19.htm (700 words)

	GardeningDaily - Aswan Dam
		When the dam almost overflowed in 1946 it was decided that rather than raise the dam a third time a second dam would be built 6 km up-river.
		The High Dam, El Saad al Aali, was completed on July 21, 1970, with the first stage finished in 1964.
		It has been rumoured that during the Yom Kippur War the dam – heavily defended by flak – was paint-bombed by Israeli Air Force aircraft, and it has been further suggested that this was a major factor in Anwar Sadat's decision to make peace with Israel at Camp David.
	www.gardeningdaily.com /flowers-and-plants/Aswan_Dam (958 words)

	Aswan Dam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The initial design was soon found to be inadequate and the height of the dam was raised in two phases, 1907-1912 and 1929–1933.
		Aswan Low Dam When the dam almost overflowed in 1946 it was decided that rather than raise the dam a third time a second dam would be built 6 km up-river.
		Aswan High Dam (NASA satellite photo) A view from the vantage point in the middle of High Dam towards the "Lotus Flower" tower.
	aswan-dam.kiwiki.homeip.net (1248 words)

	The Aswan Dam and Nubia
		In the early 1900s a dam was built along the Nile River in Aswan, Egypt to help control flooding and to provide hydroelectric power to the region.
		Prior to completion of the dam, the United Nations began a rescue operation to excavate the area so that endangered Nubian monuments could be uncovered and moved to other locations.
		Because of the creation of the Aswan Dam, the world will never have an opportunity to study the full impact Africans from the southern Nile Valley had on the development of ancient Egypt and subsequent civilizations.
	www.homestead.com /wysinger/nubians11.html (445 words)

	.:Egypt Melody: Holidays in Egypt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		A second dam was necessary at Aswan, and in the early 1950s, designs began to be drawn for what was to become the High Dam as Aswan.
		When the dam almost overflowed in 1946 it was decided that rather than raise the dam a third time, a second dam would be built 6 km up-river(about 4 miles).
		The dam is located 4 miles south of the old Aswan Dam.
	www.egyptmelody.com /First_Aswan_Dam.htm (1486 words)

	High Dam, Aswan
		The High Dam, or el-Sadd el-Ali, some 4mi/7km above the old Aswan Dam, is a massive accumulation of 55.9 billion cu.
		The coastal regions of the Nile Delta have also suffered bythe loss of the fertile alluvium formerly carried down by the Nile; and the lack of natural foodstuffs in the water of the river has led to a considerable reduction in the stocks of fish in the south eastern Mediterranean.
		The bursting of the dam would devastate the whole of Egypt and wipe out 98% of the population; and even the arrangements already provided for to bring about a rapid fall in the level of Lake Nasser cannot eliminate the danger that would result from a surprise attack.
	www.planetware.com /aswan/high-dam-egy-asw-hghdam.htm (513 words)

	Aswan High Dam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The dam itself is one of the world's largest, the power station, the second largest, and the lake behind the dam, extending some 480 kilometers southward into Sudan, is one of the largest made by humans.
		The dam was completed in 1970 and commissioned in 1971.
		The dam was built with Soviet aid and technical assistance, but the construction and labor were Egyptian (about 35,000 workers).
	www.geog.okstate.edu /1113web/aswan1.htm (111 words)

	Beefy's Aswan Page.
		It was further submerged in 1932 with the heightening of the dam.
		The First Dam was built between 1899 and 1902 and subsequently raised twice, once a few years after the original building and again between 1929 and 1934, the water reaching Wadi Halfa in the Sudan.
		The High Dam (a joint Russian - Egyptian project) was built between 1960 and 1970, once again necessitating the movement of the Nubians from their land.
	www.geocities.com /beefnetuk/travels/egypt/egypt_aswan.html (505 words)

	Aswan High Dam
		Dam construction in southern Egypt, that exploits the water of the Nile.
		The Aswan High Dam became an expression of political tensions in those days — financed by the help of the Soviet Union, a few years after the war inflicted upon Egypt by Israel, France and Britain.
		The lake that grew gradually from the construction, is called Lake Nasser, in honour of the president Gamal Abdel Nasser, who died the year the dam was finished.
	i-cias.com /e.o/aswandam.htm (194 words)

	Aswan Dam Egypt \| Aswan Dam Location \| Aswan High Dam Egypt \| Aswan Egypt \| Egypt High Dam
		The most important change that the Dam brought about was that it made the annual flooding of the Nile valley in Egypt a thing of the past.
		The High Dam was also designed to meet Egypt's other urgent need as its leaders tried to modernise the country energy.
		By the 1980s, the generators driven by water flowing through the dam were providing half of Egypt's electricity, but by the 1990s this proportion had fallen as energy demands grew.
	www.egyptattraction.com /aswan-dam-egypt.html (617 words)

	BUILDING BIG: Databank: Aswan High Dam
		In the middle of the arid Egyptian desert lies one of the largest embankment dams in the world.
		It is called the Aswan High Dam, or Saad el Aali in Arabic, and it captures the mighty Nile River in the world's third largest reservoir, Lake Nasser.
		Before the dam was built, the Nile River overflowed its banks once a year and deposited four million tons of nutrient-rich silt on the valley floor, making Egypt's otherwise dry land productive and fertile.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/aswan_high.html (347 words)

	Aswan, City of in Egypt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Aswan, Egypt's sunniest southern city and ancient frontier town located about 81 miles south of Luxor, has a distinctively African atmosphere.
		Small enough to walk around and graced with the most beautiful setting on the Nile, the pace of life is slow and relaxing.
		Days can be spent strolling up and down the broad Corniche watching the sailboats etch the sky with their tall masts or sitting in floating restaurants listening to Nubian music and eating freshly caught fish.
	www.aswanguide.com (79 words)

	Lesson Plan - SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR THE ASWAN HIGH DAM
		The dam would need to do three things: control the floods of the Nile River, store the water from the floods so that it could be released at a slower rate, and generate hydroelectric power.
		The dam was built about 13 km (8 miles) south of the Egyptian city of Aswan, and was named the Aswan High Dam.
		The dam began operating in 1970, and has proven to be both beneficial and detrimental to the people and the surrounding land.
	teacherlink.ed.usu.edu /tlresources/units/byrnes-africa/KAYMUR/LINK.htm (718 words)

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