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Topic: Asymmetric key

	SSL Encryption - Network & Internet Security Terms
		Asymmetric Cryptography uses two keys to work together so that text encrypted with the one key can only be decrypted by the other.
		One of the keys is kept private by one party, eliminating the need to share keys.
		The second key is called the "public key", and it should be available to everyone who has legitimate need of access.
	www.digicert.com /ssl-certificate-terminology (221 words)

	Public Key Cryptography
		In asymmetric key cryptography, one key is used for encryption and another, mathematically related key, is used for decryption.
		Asymmetric key cryptography overcomes the key management problem by using different encryption and decryption key pairs.
		Further, public key cryptography is used in situations where the recipient of a message must have confidence that the message received was received as intended by the sender and has not been altered or forged in any manner.
	www.sei.cmu.edu /str/descriptions/publickey_body.html (2079 words)

	Wikinfo \| Public-key cryptography
		These keys are used for encrypting or signing messages -- one key is used to encrypt a message and another is used to decrypt it, or one key is used to sign a message and another is used to verify the signature.
		The first asymmetric key algorithms was invented in secrecy by Clifford Cocks (then a recent mathematics graduate and a new staff member at GCHQ) in the UK] early in the 1970s, and reinvented by Rivest, Shamir and Adelmen all then at MIT.
		The public key differs from the private key exponent, and determining one from the other is believed to be fundamentally hard without knowing the primes; these are in turn (if large enough) computationally infeasible at the current state of the computer hardware and large integer factorization arts.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Public_key (933 words)

	Public-key cryptography - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In public key cryptography, the private key is kept secret, while the public key may be widely distributed.
		The term asymmetric key cryptography is a synonym for public key cryptography though a somewhat misleading one.
		The critical advantage in an asymmetric key system is that Bob and Alice never need to send a copy of their keys to each other.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Asymmetric_key_algorithm (3861 words)

	[No title]
		When asymmetric key management is employed, the setting of odd parity bits is encouraged, but the checking of odd parity bits is discouraged, in order to facilitate interoperability, and since an error in the decryption of a DES key can be detected by other means (e.g., an incorrect PKCS #1 encryption-block format).
		When symmetric key management is employed with this MIC algorithm, the symmetrically encrypted MD2 message digest is represented in a the fourth argument of a "Key-Info:" header field as a contiguous string of 32 ASCII hexadecimal digits (corresponding to a 128-bit MD2 message digest).
		Asymmetric Key Management Algorithms This section identifies the alternative asymmetric keys and the alternative asymmetric key management algorithms with which those keys shall be used, namely the asymmetric encryption algorithms with which DEKs and MICs are encrypted, and the asymmetric signature algorithms with which certificates and certificate revocation lists (CRLs) are signed.
	www.ietf.org /rfc/rfc1423.txt?number=1423 (4129 words)

	An intro to Elliptical Curve Cryptography
		One of the keys (the public key) is used for encryption, and its corresponding private key must be used for decryption.
		In all asymmetric cryptographic schemes, this property — the property that one key is used for encryption, and another for decryption, and the decryption key cannot be found from the encryption key — is derived from the use of mathematical functions whose inverse is extremely difficult to calculate.
		You may understand an asymmetric cryptographic key pair as a pair of numbers which have some relationship associated with a mathematical function which is relatively easy to compute in one direction, but whose inverse is in practical terms intractable.
	www.deviceforge.com /articles/AT4234154468.html (5985 words)

	CREATE SYMMETRIC KEY (Transact-SQL)
		Specifies an asymmetric key to be used to encrypt the key that is being created.
		When a symmetric key is created, the symmetric key must be encrypted by using at least one of the following: certificate, password, symmetric key, asymmetric key.
		When a symmetric key is encrypted with a password instead of the public key of the database master key, the TRIPLE_DES encryption algorithm is used.
	msdn2.microsoft.com /en-us/library/ms188357.aspx (698 words)

	Asymmetric Encryption Keys With the KeyPairGenerator and Encryption and Decryption Using Symmetric Keys Tech Tips
		Public key encryption allows you to provide a public key that can be used to both decrypt messages you have encrypted and encrypt messages that only you can decrypt.
		Symmetric key algorithms tend to be be much faster than asymmetric key algorithms.
		A problem with symmetric keys is that keys must be shared among parties involved in encryption or decryption.
	java.sun.com /developer/JDCTechTips/2004/tt0116.html (1871 words)

	RFC 1423 (rfc1423) - Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic Mail: Par (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		When symmetric key management is employed with this algorithm/mode combination, a symmetrically encrypted DES key will be represented in the third argument of a "Key-Info:" header field as a contiguous string of 16 ASCII hexadecimal digits (corresponding to a 64-bit key).
		When symmetric key management is employed with this MIC algorithm, the symmetrically encrypted MD5 message digest is represented in the fourth argument of a "Key-Info:" header field as a contiguous string of 32 ASCII hexadecimal digits (corresponding to a 128-bit MD5 message digest).
		In all cases, an RSA public key identified in an RSA public-key certificate with either the "rsa" or "rsaEncryption" object identifier, shall be used according to the procedures defined below for asymmetric encryption algorithms and asymmetric signature algorithms.
	www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc1423.html (4069 words)

	jGuru: What is public key/asymmetric cryptography?
		In public key cryptography, the decryption key in the image below must be the complement key to the encryption key in the key pair.
		From straight technical reasons, either key in the key pair could be used for encryption as long as the other key of the pair is used for decryption.
		Since one of the keys generally is a bit shorter (easier to break) and the other a bit longer (harder to break), convention has decided which key is used to encrypt and decrypt.
	www.jguru.com /faq/view.jsp?EID=4313 (331 words)

	[No title]
		In a certificate-based asymmetric key management architecture, certificates are used as a means to provide entities' public components and other information in a fashion which is securely bound by a central authority.
		For the asymmetric key management case, the IA identifier subfield will be formed from the ASN.1 BER representation of the distinguished name of the issuing organization or organizational unit.
		For the asymmetric key management case, the version/expiration subfield's value is the hexadecimal serial number of the certificate being used in conjunction with the originator or recipient specified in the "Originator-ID-Asymmetric:" or "Recipient-ID-Asymmetric:" field in which the subfield occurs.
	www.ietf.org /rfc/rfc1421.txt?number=1421 (11388 words)

	NetAction's Guide to Encryption (Terms)
		A private key is used to create a digital signature, and a corresponding public key can be used to verify that the signature was really generated by the holder of the private key.
		One of their primary purposes is to enable someone to use a public key to encrypt data that can only be decrypted by the owner of the corresponding private key.
		Public keys are meant for distribution, so anyone who wants to send an encrypted message to the owner of the public key can do so, but only the owner of the corresponding private key can decrypt the message.
	www.netaction.org /encrypt/terms.html (1348 words)

	Security Forums :: View topic - Why symmetric encryption for creation of asymmetric keys?
		Asymmetric encryption only serves its purpose, if you take the necessary procedures required to thwart the system from the relative attack model, which is introduced when using this type of cryptography.
		It is conjectured that an 80-bit symmetric key and 1024-bit asymmetric key share the same general level of security, given the conditions of the structures of each type of cryptography.
		However, to obtain a "2^128 security level", if we actually used the suggested key lengths of both symmetric (256-bit) and asymmetric (6800-bit) cryptography, in a myriad of cases, we would not be able to computationally afford it; especially in the case of asymmetric cryptography.
	www.security-forums.com /viewtopic.php?t=8548 (2839 words)

	PKI technology, asymmetric cryptography, public key and a private key, public key, private key, authenticity and ...
		This key pair is comprised of a public key and a private key.
		The owner of the key pair must guard his private key closely, as sender authenticity and non-repudiation are based on the signer having sole access to his private key.
		The private key is used for signing and decrypting a message or a document while the public key is used to verify or encrypt.
	www.elock.com /pki.html (335 words)

	RFC NNN
		Provide a secure means for users to use the private key component of their asymmetric key pairs for any operation other than login as specified in [RFC 68.2].
		It encrypts the four-tuple with the Diffie-Hellman key
		Note that either the asymmetric key pair, the password, or both may be changed with the same message.
	www.opengroup.org /tech/rfc/rfc94.0.html (5187 words)

	Java™ Language Basics, Part 2, Lesson 3: Cryptography
		Even if an unauthorized program gets the session key and credit card number, he or she would have to decrypt the session key with the private key to be able to decrypt the credit card number with the session key.
		In the case of symmetric encryption, the key is a secret key, and in the case of asymmetric encryption, the key is either the public or private key.
		The RSA asymmetric algorithm cannot be used because it has the size restrictions described in the next section, and the sealing process makes the session key too large to use with the RSA algorithm.
	www.cs.wayne.edu /~sdv/javabasics2/crypto.html (1517 words)

	4.6.4.2.2 Asymmetric Key Management (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		When asymmetric key management is employed for a given recipient, the "Key-Info:" field transfers two quantities, separated by a comma.
		The first argument is an IK Use Indicator identifying the algorithm and mode in which the DEK is asymmetrically encrypted.
		Appropriate asymmetric encryption algorithms and identifiers, and encrypted DEK formats are defined in RFC 1423.
	www.freesoft.org /CIE/RFC/1421/44.htm (68 words)

	Computer system for securing communications using split private key asymmetric cryptography (US5737419)
		A programmed computer secures communications between users of a crypto-system in which each user has an associated asymmetric crypto-key with a public key portion accessible to all system users and a corresponding private key portion having a first private key portion known only to the associated user and a corresponding second private key portion.
		The processor next applies the public key portion of the first user crypto-key to decrypt a second encrypted message generated by the second user, which includes the first encrypted message encrypted with the second private key portion of the first user crypto-key, to thereby authenticate the second user to the first user.
		apply the public key portion of the first user crypto-key to decrypt a second encrypted message, which includes the first encrypted message encrypted with the second private key portion of the first user crypto-key, to thereby authenticate the second user to the first user.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn10=US05737419 (636 words)

	Adam @ Dusk » Asymmetric Key Cryptography: Part 1
		There are, however, excellent symmetric key algorithms which are next to impossible for a code-breaker to crack, except by what is known as the “brute force method” - trying every possible key in sequential order, usually utilizing a very powerful computer.
		If you give the same key to ten friends, that means that any message you send to one friend could (potentially) be intercepted by another friend and decrypted.
		With asymmetric keys, one key is designated the public key - for giving out to recipients; and one is the private key, which is kept secret and given to no one.
	dusk.org /adam/?p=44 (1201 words)

	SQL Server 2005 commands
		DBCC SHRINKFILE - Shrink or empty a database data or log file.
		- ALTER ASYMMETRIC KEY - DROP ASYMMETRIC KEY - CREATE SYMMETRIC KEY - OPEN SYMMETRIC KEY
		- BACKUP MASTER KEY - DROP MASTER KEY - RESTORE MASTER KEY - ALTER SERVICE MASTER KEY
	www.ss64.com /sql (296 words)

	Asymmetric Key Encryption (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		In practice one key of a pair is widely distributed (published) and is called the Public Key.
		The other key of the pair is kept secret and is called the Private Key.
		Each Key Pair has an owner who by definition is the individual or organization who knows the Private Key.
	www.nahdo.org /meetings/nahdotalk/tsld017.htm (51 words)

	Public-Key or Asymmetric Cryptography
		In the Public-key encryption process, there are two keys required for person who need to exchange sensitive data document over Internet: a public key and a private key.
		Each public key is published, and the corresponding private key is kept secret.
		In general, to send encrypted data to someone, you encrypt the data with that person's public key, and the person receiving the encrypted data decrypts it with the corresponding private key.
	www.networkdictionary.com /security/pk.php (361 words)

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