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Topic: Atacama

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	Atacama - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Atacama Desert is the driest desert on Earth (except perhaps for the McMurdo Dry Valleys in Antarctica) and is virtually sterile because it is blocked from moisture on both sides by the Andes mountains and by coastal mountains.
		The driest part of the Atacama is between the coastal mountains and the Cordillera Domeyko, an area called the 'double rain shadow.' In this region, the Andes block moisture from the east, the Cordillera Domeyko block runoff from the Andes and the Coastal mountains block marine fog from the ocean.
		The Atacama has rich deposits of copper and other minerals, and the world's largest natural supply of sodium nitrate, which was mined on a large scale until the early 1940s.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Atacama (674 words)

	NAI: News Stories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		While this is possible in the Atacama, at the moment such a field trip is impossible for the planet Mars.
		The Atacama enjoys a temperate, Mediterranean-like climate with temperatures ranging between 0 and 23 degrees C (32 to 73 F).
		The nitrate is produced by electrical discharges (lightning): during storms, the lightning causes nitrogen and oxygen in the atmosphere to combine to form nitrate.
	nai.arc.nasa.gov /news_stories/news_detail.cfm?ID=17 (1254 words)

	Extreme Climates 1: Driest Place \| Weather \| Drought \| Atacama Desert (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Atacama is a desert but you'll still need to bring warm clothes when you visit.
		Atacama always has salt lakes, snow on the mountaintops and some underground water, regardless of how long it's been since the last rainfall.
		While you probably couldn't convince your parents to move to the Atacama Desert, there are animals, plants and even people who live in the bone dry region.
	www.kidzworld.com /site/p1103.htm (316 words)

	Dry Limit of Life :: Astrobiology Magazine ::
		"The Atacama is the only place on Earth (from which) I've taken soil samples to grow microorganisms back at the lab and nothing whatsoever grew," said Fred A. Rainey, an associate professor in biological sciences at LSU, who is a co-author of the study and an expert on microorganisms in extreme environments.
		The reason Chile's Atacama Desert is so dry and virtually sterile, the researchers say, is because it is blocked from moisture on both sides by the Andes mountains and by coastal mountains.
		The scientists studied the driest part of the Atacama, an area in what is called a "double rain shadow." During the past four years, the team's sensor station has recorded only one rainfall, which shed a paltry 1/10 of an inch of moisture.
	www.astrobio.net /news/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=781 (1017 words)

	Life in the Atacama - Home - Field Robotics Center - Carnegie Mellon University
		Researchers from Carnegie Mellon and NASA are using robotic technologies to investigate the Atacama Desert of Chile.
		Paired excitation and emission filter wheels are used to image chlorophyll fluorescence as well as the fluorescent signatures of probes for amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
		The Life in the Atacama project mapping the distribution of microorganisms and seeking to characterize the habitats in which they survive.
	www.frc.ri.cmu.edu /atacama (702 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Atacama
		Atacama Desert ATACAMA DESERT [Atacama Desert], arid region, c.600 mi (970 km) long, N Chile, extending south from the border of Peru.
		A port on the Pacific, it exports nitrates and ore from the Atacama Desert.
		The driest place on earth: in Chile's Atacama Desert the dead live forever, and hope never dies.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Atacama (639 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Atacama desert (NT1303) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Atacama Desert is a narrow strip of desert along the northwest coast of Chile.
		The intrinsic value of the Atacama Desert's plant and animal communities lies in the unique nature of their composition, the high levels of endemism and some species' remarkable adaptations for survival in some of the planet's most demanding conditions.
		The Atacama Desert is distinguished as being one of the driest places in the Americas — and said to resemble a lunar landscape.
	worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/nt/nt1303_full.html (1853 words)

	Atacama Desert @ National Geographic Magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Stretching 600 miles (1,000 kilometers) from Peru's southern border into northern Chile, the Atacama Desert rises from a thin coastal shelf to the pampas—virtually lifeless plains that dip down to river gorges layered with mineral sediments from the Andes.
		In the altiplano, the descendants of the region's pre-Columbian natives (mostly Aymara and Atacama Indians) herd llamas and alpacas and grow crops with water from snowmelt streams.
		Although rain rarely falls on the Atacama's coastline, a dense fog known as camanchaca is abundant.
	magma.nationalgeographic.com /ngm/0308/feature3 (871 words)

	Atacama desert of Chile offers salt lakes and geysers.
		The Atacama Desert, running over 600 miles between the Pacific Ocean and the Andes Mountains is the most driest desert in the world.
		The village is the center of the Indian culture of Atacama, who inhabited the desert long ago.
		In the Atacama stay at the elegant Explora Atacama where no detail has been forgotten or at the Hotel Terrentai for more basic accommodations and a closer proximity to the town of San Pedro.
	www.lostworldadventures.com /countries/chile/regions/atacama_desert.htm (272 words)

	Atacama Desert, flamingoes, geysers, volcanoes, oases
		The Atacama desert is said to be the driest in the world, with places where it hasn't rained for 400 years.
		Then the southern Atacama bursts into life, with stunning colors and rare exotic flowers covering hundreds of kilometers of normally desert land.
		Pink flamingoes together with Llamas, Vicunas, Guanacos and many other species of fauna and flora can be found living in perfect harmony in the many oases and lakes located in the area.
	www.cascada-expediciones.com /places/atacama/atacama.htm (296 words)

	Atacama desert, altiplano, north of Chile (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Atacama desert and the Altiplano in the North of Chile
		San Pedro de Atacama and numerous oases along the río Loa and río Salado served as way-stations on pre-Inca trade routes linking the Amazon, the Altiplano and the coast.
		From north to south, the principal destination cities in northern Chile are Arica, Iquique, Calama, San Pedro de Atacama, and Antofagasta.
	www.visit-chile.org /norte/norte.phtml (457 words)

	THE ATACAMA DESERT OF CHILE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Atacama Desert of Chile is a sparsely populated virtually rainless plateau, running from the Pacific Ocean to the Andes Mountains.
		The Atacama is made up of salt basins (salars) sand and lava flows.
		In fact the Atacama has been chosen as a good site to test the prototype of a future lunar rover.
	www.musc.edu /cando/geocam/atacama/atacama.html (212 words)

	NASA - Atacama Rover Helps NASA Learn to Search for Life on Mars
		The NASA funded researchers are studying the Atacama Desert, described as the most arid region on Earth, to understand the desert as a habitat that represents one of the limits of life on Earth.
		Scientists from ARC, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tenn., and the Universidad Catolica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile, are participating in the study.
		ARC scientist Chris McKay is conducting a long-term ecological study of the Atacama as a Mars analog environment.
	www.nasa.gov /home/hqnews/2004/sep/HQ_04311_atacama_rover.html (594 words)

	Atacama Audio
		Atacama first began producing speaker stands back in 1986.
		It was clear that lifting speakers off the ground and mounting them on a column that was sonically dead vastly improved their performance.
		Since those early days, Atacama now manufacture a comprehensive range of speaker stands, hi-fi, and home cinema equipment racks, to meet the demanding needs of to days consumer.
	www.atacama-audio.co.uk (216 words)

	Atacama Desert, Attractions of Chile (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Atacama desert of Chile and Peru is a virtually rainless plateau made up of salt basins (salares), sand, and lava flows, extending from the Andes mountains to the Pacific Ocean.
		The average rainfall in Antofagasta - a region in Chile which is part of the Atacama - is just 3mm per year, and there was a period of time where no rain fell there for 40 years.
		It is so arid, in fact, that mountains that reach as high as 6885 metres (22590 feet) are completely free of glaciers and in the southern part from 25°S to 27°S have possibly been throughout the Quaternary, though permafrost extends down to 4400 metres and is continuous above 5600 metres.
	www.magicaljourneys.com /Chile/chile-interest-northern-atacama.html (595 words)

	ESA - Observing the Earth - The Atacama Desert, Chile
		The landscape of the Atacama Desert is no less stark than its meteorology: a plateau covered with lava flows and salt basins.
		The conspicuous white area below the image centre is the Atacama Salt Flat, just to the south of the small village San Pedro de Atacama, regarded as the centre of the desert.
		The Atacama is rich in copper and nitrates – it has been the subject of border disputes between Chile and Bolivia for this reason - and so is strewn with abandoned mines.
	www.esa.int /export/esaEO/SEM3PIWJD1E_index_0.html (333 words)

	CNN.com - Digging for life in the deadest desert - Aug 5, 2004
		Scientists are probing the Atacama Desert trying to understand why there is nothing living in the dirt.
		Yet if Viking had landed in the Atacama Desert on Earth, it would also have concluded that Earth was a dead and desiccated planet.
		If the hardware passes a field test in the Atacama Desert this year and funding follows, Ponce says the technoloy could be ready to fly next decade after the Mars Science Laboratory arrives on the Red Planet in 2010.
	www.cnn.com /2004/TECH/space/08/04/atacama.desert/index.html (1179 words)

	ATACAMA DESERT TOURS
		Northern Chile's monumental landscape is represented by the Atacama Desert, the driest on the planet.
		Chilean desert holds enormous archaeologocal riches:the San Miguel museum in the Azapa valley in Arica and the Padre Le paige museum in San Pedro de Atacama.
		Atacama Desert is the most arid in the world.
	www.chilecallcenter.com /atacama.htm (640 words)

	Atacama Crossing (Chile) 2004
		Derek is competing in the Atacama Crossing for the benefit of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA).
		Enduring the reality of dropping out in his darkest moment of the race two nights ago would have probably haunted him for the rest of his life, and he was eager to admit to that.
		In the end, the Atacama Crossing was more than a race, more than an adventure, more than a marathon, an ultrarun - it was all of these, and more, and a hint, a slight taste of greater things to come.
	www.racingtheplanet.com /atacamacrossing/live/daily-commentary.htm (4488 words)

	Driest Place - Atacama Desert
		Unlike more familiar deserts, like the Sahara desert in Africa and the Mojave in California, the Atacama is actually a pretty cold place, with average daily temperatures ranging between 0°C and 25°C. The annual rainfall (or lack of it) defines a desert, but that doesn't mean that it never rains in Atacama.
		Most of the precipitation that comes to the Atacama is in the form of fog that blows in the from the Pacific.
		Because the Atacama is so bone-dry the bodies of the buried indians have dried perfectly preserved turning them into mummies.
	www.extremescience.com /DriestPlace.htm (982 words)

	explora atacama
		In Atacama it is possible to appreciate multiple features of this history, expressed in archeological monuments, cemeteries, churches and villages.
		The Atacama oases, in the middle of the driest desert in the world, have an altitudinal peculiarity: they are situated at 2,500 meters above sea level, making the Atacama not only the driest, but also the highest desert on earth.
		The program at explora en Atacama, based at Hotel de Larache in the oasis of San Pedro, puts visitors in the middle of a fantasy where exploration, the leaving and returning, acquires a shape of its own.
	www.explora.com /atacama_theplace.php (413 words)

	EXPLORING ATACAMA - CHILE TOURS
		The excursions through Atacama will allow you to discover the multiple faces of this area.
		A 7 day stay is recommendable to get acquainted and to experience all of the different situations Atacama has in store for you.
		Descent on bike by a dirt road with slopes and ascensions in the creek until reaching the picturesque Town of Machuca.
	www.enjoy-chile.org /tours-chile-tour/exploring-atacama.php (2155 words)

	San Pedro de Atacama Chile : Hotel y Tour
		The tourism in the zone is mainly based on the great beauty that each one of the natural attractions posseses.
		Los atractivos turísticos del desierto de Atacama se basan principalmente en la gran belleza natural que ellos poseen.
		The tourism attractions in Atacama desert are based mainly on the salars, mountains, altiplano, hotsprings, geysers, and more.
	www.explore-atacama.com (473 words)

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