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Topic: Atenism

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Akhenaton

	ORDER OF THE ATEN TEMPLE @ WWW.ATENISM.ORG
		Atenism was a religion, but one which offered its followers, at the same time, rational thought, the warmth of devotion, and a stately display of sensuous beauty.
		Atenism was the inherent character of a harmonious life rather than the outcome of any catalogue of "dos" and "don’ts." As all natural things are, Atenism was foreign to the idea of promises and threats.
		To keep Atenism alive, Atenism would have needed an atmosphere of earnestness and of toleration, a truly religious atmosphere as it was difficult to find anywhere on earth for many centuries, except perhaps among a minority of Hindus.
	www.atenism.org /index.html (2392 words)

	Akhenaten - New World Encyclopedia Preview
		The early stage of Atenism also appears to be a kind of henotheism familiar in Egyptian religion, but the later form suggests a proto-monotheism.
		There is a modern-day religion akin to ancient Egyptian religious practice (with the exception of Atenism), which is referred to as "Kemetic Orthodoxy." Practitioners consider both the ancient Egyptian religion and their modern equivalent to be monolatrous Monolatrism.
		Changes in Atenism are easier to understand as a shift from monolatry to proto-monotheism is considerably less radical than a shift from henotheism.
	www.newworldencyclopedia.org /p/index.php?title=Akhenaten&printable=yes (4852 words)

	The Aten Cult (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-02)
		Atenism owes a great debt to the solar cults of the Fifth Dynasty, from theology to ritual to temple architecture.
		The first phase of Atenism was in effect a bid to transform Thebes into a version of Iunu (a potentiality already implicit in Thebes' traditional epithet, "Iunu of the South").
		Atenism had far less in common with more recent manifestations of spirituality, despite the interest that people of the modern world have shown in it.
	www.deepfly.org /CultAten.html (3330 words)

	Judaism and Atenism? - China History Forum, chinese history forum
		The Aten religion, or Atenism as it is known, was practiced for just over a decade; when Akhenaten died around 1347 BC, so did his religion.
		Aper-El Perhaps the most compelling evidence that Atenism and the religion of the Israelites were related came with an archaeological discovery made in 1989.
		Atenism was an Egyptian version of the religion already being practiced by the Israelites.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=10677 (2027 words)

	Akhenaten. Not an influence on Jewish monotheism
		Atenism is "devoid of ethical content." [Red.MA, 113] As Redford puts it, while Aten is the creator (albeit with no associated "creation story"), he "seems to show no compassion on his creatures.
		Atenism had this common link with "normal" Egyptian religion: Akhenaten was regarded as the sole mediator for Aten on earth.
		But with Atenism, this relationship went so far as to make it so that the sun-disc of Aten was "simply the hypostasis of divine kingship, a pale reflection of [Akhenaten's] own on earth, projected heavenwards." Akhenaten regarded himself as "ever the physical child of the sun-disc" and the sole high priest of Atenism.
	www.tektonics.org /copycat/akhenaten.html (1412 words)

	Atenism radio commercials Atenism
		Amenhotep IV initially introduced Atenism in Year 4 of his reign, raising the Aten to the status of supreme god, but permitting the continued worship of the traditional gods.
		Atenism, like Judaism, was based on strict unitarian monotheism, the belief in one God.
		The prayer par excellence in terms of defining God is the Great Hymn to the Aten, "O Sole God beside whom there is none" (compare this to the Judaic Shema Yisrael, "Hear O Israel, the Lord is our God, the Lord is unique/alone").
	www.find-ask.com /Encyclopedia/Atenism/Atenism.html (2077 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Atenism
		Atenism (or the Amarna heresy) is one of the earliest monotheistic religions, associated above all with the eighteenth dynasty Pharaoh Amenhotep IV, better known under the name he later adopted, Akhenaten.
		Whether there is a link to Jewish monotheism remains an open question.
		Because of the monotheistic character of Atenism, a link to Judaism (and subsequently the monotheistic religions springing from it), has been suggested by various writers.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Atenism (1976 words)

	The Mysteries Of Akhenaten
		Atenism can be interpreted as the first step in a logical evolution of religion from many minor gods to one major one.
		The temples were wealthy and powerful and Akhenaten may have seen their destruction as the way to further his own ambitions.
		Effectively in Atenism the Pharaoh was the only person who could make offerings directly to the God, which would have given him power as both religious and political leader.
	www.akhet.co.uk /amarna/akhmyst.htm (890 words)

	Akhenaton
		A religious revolutionary, Amenhotep IV introduced Atenism in the first year of his reign, raising the previously obscure god Aten (sometimes spelt Aton) to the position of supreme deity.
		Furthermore abundant visual imagery was central to Atenism, which celebrated the natural world, but was proscribed in the ten commandments.
		Akhenaten's name never appeared on any of the king lists compiled by later Pharaohs and it was not until the late 19th century that his identity was re-discovered and the surviving traces of his reign were unearthed by archaeolologists.
	www.measuroo.com /rel-A/Akhenaton.php (2515 words)

	Archaeologics.com -- Can You Dig It?
		In historical terms, Tutankhamun is of only moderate significance, primarily as a figure managing the beginning of the transition from the heretical Atenism of his predecessor Akhenaten back to the familiar Egyptian religion.
		As Tutankhamun began his reign at age 9, a considerable responsibility for his reign must also be assigned to his vizier and eventual successor, Ay.
		During Tutankhamun's reign, Akhenaten's Amarna revolution (Atenism) began to be reversed.
	www.archaeologics.com /famousTut.html (1682 words)

	Champions6
		Atenism: An idealistic monotheistic movement best loved by slaves, poor city folk, and destert-dwelling Rugah, with roots in a heretical sect in Khmet.
		A sycresis of worship of the great goddess know in Khmet as Ma'at, or the Celestial Order, with father-protector-totem -wind-god known to shepherds and rugah as Elayaim (who Khemerans identify with Amun-Ra), Aten, or the "One True God of all People," seems to attract a weird mix of intellectual libertines and the disenfranchised.
		Much emphasis is in astrology in Atenism, as is in declaring all other forms of worship "false."
	members.aol.com /wodlucas/Champions6.html (620 words)

	Detail Page
		Later generations regarded him as a heretic who ruled without the traditional gods' approval, and the temple closures and disbanding of the priesthood would have had dire effects upon the country's economy and employment.
		Atenism never gained popular support and probably had little direct effect on people's religious beliefs.
		When Akhenaten's successors reversed his experiment and returned to the traditional gods, the population was largely unaffected.
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=HLAE0136 (1263 words)

	Atenism
		We believe that Aten was the first name given to god and Akhenaten the first in a line of prophets that help to reveal the truth in religious thought.
		Truth, love and worship of god are the major characteristics of the religion of Atenism.
		To better spread the truths in Atenism, we are putting effort into a sacred text.
	www.homestead.com /theoldworld/atenism.html (1786 words)

	New Page 1
		Akhenaten and Nefertiti took this to its logical extreme and concluded that there was only one God and that He was a universal God for all the people of the world.
		This happened a century before the time of Moses and early historians tended to see Atenism as a pre-cursor of Judaism and Christianity and to view Akhenaten and Nefertiti as great prophets.
		As taught by the royal couple, Atenism was largely irrelevant to the common people and the temples to other gods were closed.
	www.womenintheancientworld.com /nefertiti.htm (1200 words)

	Akhenaten the heretic pharaoh - Famous Egyptians - Akhenaten ruled Egypt from Amarna
		He changed the state religion to Atenism and caused upheavel throughout Egypt by closing the temples to other gods.
		Akhenaten's chief wife was Nefertiti, who has been made famous by her bust found at Amarna and currently on display in the Ägyptisches Museum in Berlin.
		After becoming Pharaoh, Amenhotep IV changed his name to Akhenaten (Glorious Spirit of the Aten) and introduced Atenism, raising the previously obscure god Aten to the position of supreme deity.
	www.suziemanley.com /famous_egyptians/akhenaten.htm (473 words)

	Aten
		Aten is a creator of the universe in ancient Egyptian mythology, usually regarded as a sun god represented by the sun's disk.
		His worship (Atenism) was instituted as the basis for the mostly monotheistic â” in fact, monistic â” religion of Amenhotep IV, who took the name Akhenaten.
		The worship of Aten ceased shortly after Akhenaten's death.
	www.westsoundluxury.com /encyclopedia/entry/Aten (594 words)

	Akhenaten
		A religious revolutionary, Amenhotep IV introduced Atenism in the fourth year of his reign, raising the previously obscure god Aten (sometimes spelled Aton) to the position of supreme deity.
		Akhenaten's name never appeared on any of the king lists compiled by later Pharaohs and it was not until the late 19th century that his identity was re-discovered and the surviving traces of his reign were unearthed by archaeologists.
		Furthermore abundant visual imagery was central to Atenism, which celebrated the natural world, while such imagery is not a feature of Israelite culture.
	libraryoflibrary.com /E_n_c_p_d_Akhenaten.html (3477 words)

	Tutankhamen Preface (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-02)
		When he came to the throne he professed the same religion as his wife, that is to say, the cult of Aten, the Solar Disk, or Atenism, and for a short time he continued to do so.
		But he soon realized that Atenism had failed, and then he substituted the name of Amen for Aten in his own name and that of his wife, and became a fervent follower of Amen and a worshipper of the old gods of his country.
		The fame of Tutankhamen really rests on the fact that he restored the national worship of Amen, and made the Atenites to relinquish their hold upon the revenues of this god.
	www.earth-history.com /Egypt/egypt-budge-tut03.htm (2376 words)

	[b-hebrew] Akhenaten and Hebrew religion
		As for the second point: yes, Atenism was brief, but its influence and reverberations continued long after its demise according to De Moor and Kitchen's works I'd mentioned before.
		Manetho, for instance, does not mention the whole episode and its re-discovery in the late 19th century was quite a surprise.
		So the possibility of "Atenism" having any real influence on much later Judahite/Israelite monotheism is very slight.
	lists.ibiblio.org /pipermail/b-hebrew/2004-July/019906.html (436 words)

	[No title]
		In definition, Atenism might be defined as a monolatry [the worship of a single god but without claiming that it is the only god].
		His other argument indicating of a monotheistic quality to Atenism is argued by his persecution of traditional deities (which was more limited than one thinks, which tends to weaken this argument), and the fact Akhenaten "focuses" his attention to the Aten only.
		This last argument, to me, is also weak since, in the early years of the religion's expression, Akhenaten drew many references and parallels to the Aten as aspects of Re and Re-Horakhty, and as mentioned above, identifies himself and Nefertiti as divine "children" of the deity, in the forms of Shu and Tefnut.
	oi.uchicago.edu /OI/ANE/ANE-DIGEST/2001/v2001.n091 (1607 words)

	Amazon.ca: Tutankhamen : Amenism, Atenism and Egyptian Monotheism/with Hieroglyphic Texts of Hymns to Amen and Aten: ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-02)
		Wallis Budge's book on the Egyptian King Tutankhamen was written in 1923, only a year after Howard Carter's discovery of the tomb.
		Once gaining having his revelation that the Sun god Ra is the one and the all mighty, he changed his name to Akhenaten, changing the religion to Atenism (thus AkhenATEN).
		Many theologists, historians and anthropologists have argued that Atenism is indeed the first monotheistic religion in history which would predate Judaism.
	www.amazon.ca /Tutankhamen-Amenism-Egyptian-Monotheism-Hieroglyphic/dp/0486269507 (539 words)

	ORDER OF THE ATEN TEMPLE
		All are welcome who accept the religion of Atenism as the true faith.
		Maybe Atenism will shake the foundations of all monotheistic religions, since we as Atenists all know that Atenism is the only true monotheistic religion, all others believe in a good God and an Evil God as opposing forces.
		We know there is no Satan and that evil is only the absence of what is good, just like darkness is the absence of light.
	atenism.blogspot.com (1218 words)

	Solar deity information - Search.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-02)
		Sun worship is a possible origin of henotheism and ultimately monotheism.
		In ancient Egypt's Eighteenth Dynasty, Akhenaten's heretical Atenism used the old Aten solar deity as a symbol of a single god.
		The neolithic concept of a solar barge, the sun as traversing the sky in a boat, is found in ancient Egypt, with Ra and Horus.
	c10-ss-1-lb.cnet.com /reference/Solar_deity (890 words)

	Cult of Aten 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-02)
		Amongst all the mass of the religious literature of Ancient Egypt, there is no document that may be considered to contain a reasoned and connected account of the ideas and beliefs which the Egyptians associated with the god Aten.
		The word aten or athen is a very old word for the "disk" or "face of the sun," and Atenism was beyond doubt an old form of worship of the sun.
		But there were many forms of sun-worship older than the cult of Aten, and several solar gods were worshipped in Egypt many.
	www.earth-history.com /Egypt/egypt-budge-tut07.htm (4614 words)

	Polytheism
		Today, most historical polytheistic religions are referred to as "mythology", though the stories cultures tell about their gods should be distinguished from their cultus or religious practice.
		Those that weren't include the monotheistic Abrahamic religions, dualistic Zoroastrianism and Mithraism, and possibly the short-lived Atenism promulgated by Akhenaton in Egypt in the 1350s BC.
		In many civilizations, pantheons tended to grow over time.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/po/Polytheism.html (550 words)

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