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	Atomic mass - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The atomic mass of an element (also known as the relative atomic mass or average atomic mass or atomic weight) is the average atomic mass of all the chemical element's isotopes as found in a particular environment, weighted by isotopic abundance.
		The atomic mass of an isotope is the relative mass of the isotope, scaled with carbon-12 as exactly 12.
		The pattern in the amounts the atomic masses deviate from their mass numbers is as follows: the deviation starts positive at hydrogen-1, becomes negative until a minimum is reached at iron-56, then increases to positive values in the heavy isotopes, with increasing atomic number.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Atomic_weight (547 words)

	2.3 Explicit determinism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The set of atomic logical formulae made on this predicate is a subset of the set of atomic logical formulae made on equality predicate.
		In contrast to an universally quantified formula, an existentially quantified formula is not deterministic.
		An atomic formula based on the := predicate can be referenced in THEN and ELSE branches of a conditional operator if the condition of the formula based on the conditional operator is known, i.e.
	www.cs.iastate.edu /~leavens/FoCBS/cougoulic-node5.html (583 words)

	Glossary of Common CYC® Terminology
		An atomic formula is an expression in CycL of the following form: a list with opening and closing parentheses such that the first element of the list is a CycL predicate, and the remaining elements are the arguments to the predicate.
		Because it includes negated formulas, the class of literals is a superset of the class of atomic formulas.
		In Cyc-10, formulas that are asserted into the KB are converted into conjunctive normal form; the formula of each single assertion is internally represented as a disjunction of literals.
	www.cyc.com /cycdoc/ref/glossary.html (5592 words)

	CHEMTUTOR ATOMIC STRUCTURE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The mass of a proton or neutron is 1.66 E -24 grams or one AMU, atomic mass unit.
		The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom.
		The sequence of addition of the electrons as the atomic number increases is as follows with the first number being the shell number, the s, p, d, or f being the type of subshell, and the last number being the number of electrons in the subshell.
	www.chemtutor.com /struct.htm (4244 words)

	Semantics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		An atomic formula is f said to be satisfiable if there is a total function on the set of atomic formulas to some satisfaction condition which satisfies f.
		A way of characterizing the meaning of a formula or theory in pure logic which does not have a relational structure is through a boolean valuation function which determines whether a formula is true or false.
		For propositional formulas, truth tables are an accepted method to determine whether a formula is a tautology (valid), satisfiable, or a contradiction.
	cs.wwc.edu /~aabyan/Logic/semantics.html (2618 words)

	The Semiempirical Formula for Atomic Masses
		In the early years of the nineteenth century when atomic theory was being developed an English physician named William Prout became interested in measuring the relative masses of different types of atoms.
		The volume term in the semi-empirical formula represents the correction in mass for the energy due to interactions among the nucleons in a nucleus.
		The traditional formula for the Coulomb term presumes the charge would be concentrated on the surface of a sphere whereas experimental investigations of the distribution of charge indicates a distribution throughout the body of the nucleus.
	www.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/semiempirical.htm (1982 words)

	CHAPTER IX (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The non-atomic formulas of the object language are constructed from the atomic formulas by quantification and alternative denial.
		The formulas of the object language comprise the atomic formulas and every inscription constructed from them by means of quantification and alternative denial.
		By requiring even the shortest alternative denials in a formula x to be alternative denials of quasi-formulas, the definition requires them to be alternative denials of atomic formulas or of quantifications of atomic formulas, and this makes them genuine formulas in the intuitively intended sense of the word.
	csmaclab-www.uchicago.edu /philosophyProject/sellars/quine/stcn8.html (748 words)

	CIS587 : LOGIC, PART 1
		Formula A is satisfiable iff there is an L-structure M such that A is satisfiable in M. Formula A is valid or logically true in M iff M satisfies A under any s.
		Formula A is a Logical Consequence of GAMMA iff for any L-structure M, A is a logical consequence of GAMMA in M. At times instead of "A is a logical consequence of GAMMA" we say "GAMMA entails A".
		We say that formulae A and B are (logically) equivalent iff A is a logical consequence of {B} and B is a logical consequence of {A}.
	www.cis.temple.edu /~ingargio/cis587/readings/logic1.html (3044 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		(a-formula (patvars (list-of symbol?)) ; pattern variables (hypotheses (list-of atomic-formula?)) (conclusions (list-of atomic-formula?)))) ;; every pattern variable in the conclusions should be bound by in the ;; hypotheses, but we don't check this.
		;; object is to close the set of assertions under the set of formulas, ;; which of course is growing itself.
		*formulas* fmlas)) ;; nothing new concluded, so we're done #t ;; found something new (solve!)))) (define (solver-state) (list 'assertions: assertions 'formulas: *formulas*)) (define (rub-formula!
	www.ccs.neu.edu /course/csg711/interps/cfa/datalog.scm (337 words)

	Logical Consequence, Deductive-Theoretic Conceptions [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Atomic formulas: An atomic wff is any of the above n-place predicates followed by n terms which are enclosed in parentheses and separated by commas.
		The occurrences of 'y' in the second formula are bound because they are in the scope of the existential quantifier.
		The atomic sentence 'Female(kelly)' is true because, as indicated above, the referent of 'kelly' is in the extension of the property designated by 'Female'.
	www.iep.utm.edu /l/logcon-d.htm (9103 words)

	Classical Logic
		Each formula consists of a string of zero or more unary markers followed by either an atomic formula or a formula produced using a binary connective, via one of clauses (3)-(5).
		By Theorem 1, α is not a formula.
		By Lemma 4, α is not a formula.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/logic-classical (11934 words)

	[No title]
		If f,g are atomic formulas, then f v g is an atomic formula (the disjunction of f and g).
		If f,g are atomic formulas, then f & g is an atomic formula (the conjunction of f and g).
		If f is an atomic formulas, then -f is an atomic formula (the negation of f).
	ranger.uta.edu /~cook/tcs/l20.html (985 words)

	Search Results for atomic formula - Encyclopædia Britannica
		Elements may exist in the native (uncombined) state, in which case their formulas are simply their chemical symbols: gold (Au), carbon (C) in its polymorphic form of diamond, and sulfur (S) are...
		Swiss mathematician who discovered a formula basic to the development of atomic theory and the field of atomic spectroscopy.
		This is a brief description of the midpoint formula and an example of its application.
	www.britannica.com /search?query=atomic+formula (652 words)

	Atomic sentence - Unipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		In propositional calculus and in predicate calculus, an atomic sentence is an atomic formula which contains no variables.
		Otherwise the atomic formula is an open sentence.
		all atomic formulas are atomic sentences, because atomic propositions correspond to 0-ary predicates, but a predicate must be at least unary in order to be able to introduce variable terms.
	www.unipedia.info /Atomic_sentence.html (123 words)

	Random Thoughts - E=mc^2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		To put it in perspective, the atomic energy in this drop of water is equal to twice the energy Isaac Newton would have used to accelerate the tiny drop of water to the speed of light, 186,000 miles per second.
		Now that we're done with both calculations, it's clear the atomic energy in a drop of water is much greater than the chemical energy in a gallon of gasoline.
		In other words, the atomic energy in a drop of water is as much as the chemical energy in 6000 gallons of gasoline, enough for me to drive my car about 96,000 miles on the streets of Palmdale, California.
	mcraeclan.com /r/EEqualsMCSquared.htm (836 words)

	Of moles and other furry creatures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Now, the atomic or formula mass isn't the actual mass of an atom or formula unit, but it is the relative mass of the same number of them.
		We generally work in the lab with gram sized quantities, so it would be really useful to be able to measure the number of atoms or molecules in that sized quantity of material.
		A mole is defined as: "enough atoms (or formula units) to equal the atomic (or formula) mass in grams"
	www.carlton.paschools.pa.sk.ca /chemical/Molemass/moles7.htm (177 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The formula weight of BaSO4 is 137.33 + 32.06 + (416.00) = 233.39 u (atomic* mass units) 4 formula units 1 mole BaSO4 1024 Å3233.39 g= 4.47 g/cm3.346.9 Å36.02 x 1023 formula unit1 cm31 mole BaSO4 b) Fluorite is a mineral.
		The formula of fluorite is MF2 where M is a metal.
		The volume of the unit cell is (5.46 Å)3 = 162.8 Å3 162.8 Å36.02 x 1023 formula unit1 cm33.18 g= 77.9 g/mol.4 formula units 1 mole fluorite 1024 Å31 cm3 F has a mass of 19.0 g/mol.
	www.facstaff.bucknell.edu /kastner/univ281/AnswersConv2.doc (248 words)

	The Mole
		of elements and compounds is the mass, in grams, equal to the atomic and formula masses of those elements and compounds.
		Given that a certain compound is 69.58% Ba, 6.090% C and 24.32% O, calculate the empirical formula of this compound.
		Given that the empirical formula of a compound is CH and the molar mass is 104 g/mol, calculate the molecular formula.
	www.chem.vt.edu /RVGS/ACT/notes/The_Mole.html (365 words)

	CASL/Summary -- 2.3.3 Atomic Formulae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		is well-formed (with respect to the local environment and variable declarations) if it is well-sorted and expands to a unique atomic formula for constructing sentences.
		The notions of when an atomic formula is well-sorted, of when a term is well-sorted for a particular sort, and of the expansions of atomic formulae and terms, are indicated below for the various constructs.
		Due to overloading of predicate and/or operation symbols, a well-sorted atomic formula or term may have several expansions, preventing it from being well-formed.
	www.csl.sri.com /users/mosses/CoFI/Documents/CASL/Summary/index_36.html (124 words)

	The MSDS HyperGlossary: Mole
		of a substance is the sum of the atomic weights of each atom in the chemical formula.
		Therefore, as the chemical and molecular formulas of benzene are both C
		The formula and molecular weights are also included on MSDS's in case one needs to calculate a molarity, for example.
	www.ilpi.com /msds/ref/mole.html (582 words)

	New Page 1
		It is not required all the arguments of a given formula to be of the same type.
		it tries to satisfy the atomic formulas in the body of the rule.
		That is why we refer to the atomic formulas in the body of a rule as goals.
	www.simpson.edu /~sinapova/cmsc315/cmsc315-02_SPR/Prolog/PL01.htm (687 words)

	Determining Formulas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		If we compared the mass based on the empirical formula (Simple mass) with the mass based on the molecular formula (molecular mass) we would find that the molecular mass was six times the mass of the empirical formula.
		If we know the molecular mass and the empirical formula we can then determine that factor difference by dividing the molecular mass by the simple mass, and then multiply each subscript in the simple formula by that factor to get the subscripts in the molecular formula.
		Determine the Empirical Formula and the Molecular Formula of the compound.
	members.aol.com /profchm/form_det.html (1759 words)

	PlanetMath: atomic formula
		is said to be atomic if and only if :
		Cross-references: relation, terms, formula, signature, first order language
		This is version 1 of atomic formula, born on 2002-06-02.
	planetmath.org /encyclopedia/AtomicFormula.html (66 words)

	Appendices - Verification, Validation, and Evaluation of Expert Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		A common type of atomic formula in a rule-based expert system is of the form:
		The following table shows when an atomic formula of this form is true or false given conditions on <VARIABLE> of same form, A.2.1.
		In this table, "TRUTH CONDITION" specifies conditions under which the atomic formula is true for all numbers in the interval.
	www.tfhrc.gov /advanc/vve/vve6.htm (1943 words)

	LookSmart - Search results for "Azurite" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Gives the mineral chemistry, formula, atomic positional parameters, and the structure for azurite.
		View images that show azurite, its crystal system, chemical formula, density, color, and the cleavage of the mineral.
		Browse a profile on azurite that provides a photo, the formula, Strunz number, and the crystal system for the mineral.
	www.looksmart.com /r_search?look=&key=Azurite (268 words)

	Frege's Logic, Theorem, and Foundations for Arithmetic
		We explain his function-argument analysis of atomic sentences and his definition of concepts in terms of functions, give examples of his ‘concept script’, and discuss the Rule of Substitution in his logic.
		The reason is that the rules govern not only his graphical notation for molecular and quantified formulas, but also his special purpose symbols, such as certain lowercase letters used as placeholders, certain Gothic and letters used as bound variables, and various other signs of his system we have not yet mentioned.
		In any statement of the form …Fx… (in which the variable F is free) which is derivable as a theorem of logic, we may substitute any open formula φ(x) (with the free variable x) for all the occurrences of the atomic formula Fx in …Fx….
	setis.library.usyd.edu.au /stanford/entries/frege-logic (15111 words)

	An Empirical Formula of Atomic K-Shell Ionization Cross Sections by Electron Impact (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		An Empirical Formula of Atomic K-Shell Ionization Cross Sections by Electron Impact
		An empirical formula is proposed to describe the K-shell ionization cross sections by electron impact over a wide range of atomic numbers and overvoltages U (the ratio between the electron incident energy and the binding energy of the electrons in the K-shell).
		The study is based on the analysis of existing experimental data of K-shell ionization cross sections.
	stacks.iop.org /0256-307X/18/1053 (254 words)

	The Normalization Proof
		are atomic we do a case split on whether
		The conclusion contains a non-atomic formula: If the list of hypotheses is empty or contains only atomic formulas we consider whether the conclusion list contains any non-atomic formula.
		In this case the witness term for the set type in the conclusion is the following.
	www.cs.uwyo.edu /~jlc/prop_gloss/node23.html (831 words)

	PlanetMath:
		addition formulae (in addition formula) owned by pahio
		Alternate cubic formula (=trigonometric cubic formula) owned by mathcam
		angle of parallelism (in Lobachevsky's formula) owned by vmoraru
	planetmath.org /encyclopedia/A (1734 words)

	Atomic, molecular and formula masses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		So what is the unit for atomic mass?
		The Relative Masses of Gases - a demonstration experiment
		So then, why isn't the atomic mass of Hydrogen exactly 1?
	www.carlton.paschools.pa.sk.ca /chemical/molemass (110 words)

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