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Topic: Atractaspididae

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Xenopeltidae

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	Analytical - Venoms database (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This new nomenclature should facilitate classification and reduce confusion.
		The database covers all snakes of the Atractaspididae, Azemiopinae, Crotalidae, Elapidae, Hydrophiidae and Viperidae families.
		As regards Colubridae, we chose a broad view of the notion of "venomous": any time we were aware of a described case of envenomation, we usually included all species of the corresponding genus.
	www.atheris.com /ven_data.htm (266 words)

	Abstracts 52(4)
		The Xenoderminae, Viperidae, Pareatinae, Psammophiinae, Pseudoxyrophiinae, Homalopsinae, Natricinae, Xenodontinae, and Colubrinae (redefined) emerged monophyletic, whilst Lamprophiinae, Atractaspididae, and Elapidae were non-monophyletic in one or more topologies.
		A clade comprising Acrochordus and Xenoderminae branched closest to the root, and when Acrochordus was assessed in relation to a colubroid subsample and all five non-caenophidians, it remained associated with the Colubroidea.
		Other relationships appearing in all final topologies were: 1) a clade comprising Psammophiinae, Lamprophiinae, Atractaspididae, Pseudoxyrophiinae, and Elapidae, within which the latter four taxa formed a subclade; 2) a clade comprising Colubrinae, Natricinae, and Xenodontinae, within which the latter two taxa formed a subclade.
	hydrodictyon.eeb.uconn.edu /systbiol/issues/52_4/abstracts52_4.html (1526 words)

	CAT.INIST
		Colubroids or advanced snakes form a monophyletic group comprising four families: Atractaspididae (11 genera, 70 species), Colubridae (300 genera, 1850 species), Elapidae (65 genera, 270 species) and Viperidae (33 genera, 240 species).
		The front-fanged venom system (displayed by some Atractaspididae, all Elapidae and all Viperidae) evolved several times independently and appeared early within colubroids.
		The rear-fanged venom system (displayed by some Atractaspididae and many Colubridae) has been studied less than the front-fanged system, although it is clear that opisthoglyph Colubridae constitute a polyphyletic group.
	cat.inist.fr /?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=13753755 (374 words)

	[No title]
		Weiser, E., Z. Wollberg, E. Kochva and S.Y. Lee (1984) Cardiotoxic effects of the venom of the burrowing asp, Atractaspis engaddensis (Atractaspididae, Ophidia).
		Kochva, E. and J. Meier (1986) The fangs of Atractaspis engaddensis Haas (Serpentes: Atractaspididae).
		Bdolah, A., Z. Wollberg, and E. Kochva (1991) Sarafotoxins: a new group of cardiotoxic peptides from the venom of Atractaspis.
	www.tau.ac.il /lifesci/departments/zoology/members/kochva/kochva.html (2384 words)

	IngentaConnect Feeding in Atractaspis (Serpentes: Atractaspididae): a study in c... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		IngentaConnect Feeding in Atractaspis (Serpentes: Atractaspididae): a study in c...
		Feeding in Atractaspis (Serpentes: Atractaspididae): a study in conflicting functional constraints
		Atractaspis (Serpentes: Atractaspididae): a study in conflicting functional constraints" title="post to CiteUlike">Post to CiteUlike
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/urban/241/2003/00000106/00000001/art00088 (353 words)

	CJO - Abstract - Atractaspis (Serpentes, Atractaspididae) the burrowing asp; a multidisciplinary minireview
		CJO - Abstract - Atractaspis (Serpentes, Atractaspididae) the burrowing asp; a multidisciplinary minireview
		The family Atractaspididae is a highly modified derivative of a lineage that apparently arose early in the history of ‘colubroid’ snakes, and its taxonomy and relationship with other ophidian groups is still uncertain.
		Snakes of the genus Atractaspis have a characteristic venom apparatus, including the structure and function of the striking unit and of the venom glands.
	journals.cambridge.org /action/displayAbstract;jsessionid=6BB6F4C55331A706393878597A8B26CA.tomcat1?fromPage=online&aid=135003 (152 words)

	Ophitoxaemia - venomous snake bite
		Based on their morphological characteristics including arrangement of scales, dentition, osteology, myology, sensory organs etc., snakes are categorized into families.
		The families of venomous snakes are Atractaspididae, Elapidae, Hydrophidae and Viperidae.
		The major families in the Indian subcontinent are: Elapidae which includes common cobra, king cobra and krait, Viperidae which includes Russell's viper, pit viper and saw-scaled viper and Hydrophidae (the sea snakes) [1].
	www.priory.com /med/ophitoxaemia.htm (7962 words)

	Seeschlangen (Hydrophiidae) - Suchresultate von TheSuMa.de » Reptilien zu Seeschlangen (Hydrophiidae) - Seite 1 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Familien, so die im Boden grabenden Erdvipern (Atractaspididae), die Giftnattern(Elapidae), die Vipern (Viperidae) und die Seeschlangen (Hydrophiidae).
		Atractaspididae), die Giftnattern (Elapidae), die Vipern (Viperidae) und die Seeschlangen (Hydrophiidae).
		Acrochordidae) Erdvipern (Atractaspididae) Nattern (Colubridae) Giftnattern (Elapidae) Seeschlangen (Hydrophiidae) Vipern (Viperidae) Schlangen (lat.
	reptilien.thesuma.de /info.121.htm (683 words)

	FBH Conference - Colubrid Venoms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Snakes may be divided initially into two groups, the so-called "primitive" snakes, the Boidae (boas and pythons), and the "advanced" snakes which include the Elapidae, the Colubridae and Viperidae.
		Amongst the advanced snakes, only the Viperidae, Atractaspididae and Elapidae are front-fanged.
		Most of the Colubridae are rear-fanged snakes, which have a venom gland producing toxins which are delivered near the base of the teeth at the back of the upper jaw.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /steve.woodward/lecture3.htm (1414 words)

	Encyclopedia: Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A whip is a cord or strap, usually with a stiff handle, used for delivering blows to human beings or animals as a means of control or punishment or torture.
		Superfamilies and Families Henophidia Aniliidae Anomochilidae Boidae Bolyeriidae Cylindrophiidae Loxocemidae Pythonidae Tropidophiidae Uropeltidae Xenopeltidae Typhlopoidea Anomalepididae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Xenophidia Acrochordidae Atractaspididae Colubridae Elapidae Hydrophiidae Viperidae Snakes are cold blooded legless reptiles closely related to lizards, which share the order Squamata.
		A fedora, which in this case has been pinched at the front and being worn pushed back on the head, with the front of the brim bent down over the eyes.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Indiana-Jones-and-the-Last-Crusade (2822 words)

	Analytical - Venoms database
		This new nomenclature should facilitate classification and reduce confusion.
		The database covers all snakes of the Atractaspididae, Azemiopinae, Crotalidae, Elapidae, Hydrophiidae and Viperidae families.
		As regards Colubridae, we chose a broad view of the notion of "venomous": any time we were aware of a described case of envenomation, we usually included all species of the corresponding genus.
	www.atheris.ch /ven_data.htm (266 words)

	Palaeos Vertebrates 260.500 Pythonomorpha: Colubroidea
		Characters: small to medium-sized snakes; blunt-headed; maxilla is extremely reduced; maxilla with elongated, hollow maxillary fang; maxilla has complex articulation with prefrontal; short tails; fossorial; solenoglyphs; oviparous with clutches of 2-11; feed upon newborn rodents and other fossorial reptiles
		Phylogeny: Colubroidea: Atractaspididae + (Colubridae + Viperidae) + *.
		Characters: Venomous, often marine snakes with hollow, relatively immobile maxillary fangs.
	www.palaeos.com /Vertebrates/Units/Unit260/260.500.html (375 words)

	Assembling an Arsenal: Origin and Evolution of the Snake Venom Proteome Inferred from Phylogenetic Analysis of Toxin ...
		family to be paraphyletic, at least with respect to the Atractaspididae
		Viperidae, and Atractaspididae), leaving the majority of colubroid
		On the affinities of the burrowing asps Atractaspis (Serpentes: Atractaspididae).
	mbe.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/21/5/870 (4903 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Different species dwell on land, in trees, or in water.
		Burrowing asps (Atractaspididae), also called stiletto snakes, are a family of about 55 species in Africa and the Middle East.
		These venomous snakes live underground and eat either burrowing mammals or reptiles.
	www2.worldbook.com /features/reptiles/html/type_snake_3.html (885 words)

	WCH Clinical Toxinology Resources
		Our databases cover all species of snakes in the venomous families Elapidae, Viperidae and Atractaspididae and selected species from Colubridae.
		We use the most recent taxonomy available to us, therefore if you use an old scientific name you may not find the species you are looking for.
		If you search on Region "Australia" instead, the list will be incomplete, because it will return only those species found exclusively in Australia.
	www.toxinology.com /fusebox.cfm?fuseaction=main.snakes.search (150 words)

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