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Topic: Atrial natriuretic factor

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	atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
		Also known as atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) or atriopeptin, a 28-amino acid polypeptide hormone which is involved in the homeostatic control of body water, sodium, and adiposity.
		Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is released by atrial myocytes – cells in the atria of the heart –; in response to signals of raised blood pressure and acts to reduce the water, sodium, and adipose loads on the circulatory system, thereby returning blood pressure to more normal levels.
		A second natriuretic peptide, called brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), is a 32-amino acid peptide that is synthesized within the ventricles (as well as in the brain where it was first identified).
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/A/atrial_natriuretic_peptide.html (148 words)

	Atrial natriuretic factor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		ANF is a 28 amino acid peptide with a 17 AA ring, and is closely related to BNP (Brain Natriuretic Peptide, but produced largely in the heart) and CNP (C-type Natriuretic Peptide) which all share the same amino acid ring.
		ANF was discovered in 1981 by a team in Ottawa led by Mercedes Kuroski de Bold after they made the seminal observation that injection of atrial (but not ventricular) tissue extracts into rats caused copious natriuresis.
		ANF is released by walls of the cardiac atrium in response to high sodium concentration or stretching of the atria.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Atrial_natriuretic_factor (444 words)

	Myl1 - myosin, light polypeptide 1
		Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a cardiac hormone that elicits a profound diuresis, natriuresis, and hypotension.
		Atrial natriuretic peptide and BNP are cardiac hormones that are produced predominantly by the atrium and ventricle, respectively.
		Atrial natriuretic peptide and B-type natriuretic peptide are the humoral mediators of this effect; they act primarily by binding to membrane-bound natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPRA) and stimulating its intrinsic guanylate cyclase activity.
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gg/123021.html (6756 words)

	Differential effects of rat pregnancy on uterine and lung atrial natriuretic factor receptors -- Vaillancourt et al. ...
		ANF is a general smooth muscle relaxant (3) and exerts a tocolytic effect on the rat uterus (2, 20, 21).
		Downregulation of pulmonary atrial natriuretic peptide receptors in rats exposed to chronic hypoxia.
		Downregulation of myometrial atrial natriuretic factor receptors by progesterone and upregulation by oestrogen in rats.
	ajpendo.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/274/1/E52 (2874 words)

	Atrial natriuretic peptide - Patent 4663437
		It is known that the muscle cells of the atrial myocardium in mammals contain, in addition to contractile elements similar to those found in ventricular fibers, a highly developed Golgi complex, a relatively high proportion of rough endoplasmic reticulum, and numerous membrane bound storage granules, referred to as specific atrial granules.
		The problem remains, however, to isolate and identify the atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) contained in the crude extract of the specific atrial granules, and which is hereinafter referred to as cardionatrin I. It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a process for the extraction of ANF from mammalian heart atria.
		The ANF of the present invention is clearly a highly useful pharmaceutical composition for diuretic and natriuretic purposes and is also believed to be of great potential in reaching a better understanding of the in vivo control of water and electrolyte balance.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4663437.html (3379 words)

	Atrial Natriuretic Peptide - Nature Biotechnology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Snajdar, R.M., and Rapp, J.P. Elevated atrial natriuretic polypeptide in plasma of hypertensive Dahl salt-sensitive rats.
		Samson, W.K. Atrial natriuretic factor inhibits dehydration-and hemorrhage-induced vasopressin release.
		Vandien, K.L., Arcuri, K.E., and Napier, M.A. Identification of a receptor for atrial natriuretic factor in rabbit aorta membranes by affinity crosslinking.
	www.nature.com /nbt/journal/v6/n5/abs/nbt0588-529.html (3742 words)

	ATRIAL NATRIURETIC FACTOR IN TWO KIDNEY - TWO CLIP RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSION IN THE RAT
		Later on, the peptidic nature of the natriuretic factor localed in the granules was established3 and the fact was confirmed by immunohistochemical studies4.
		In addition to the atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) two other natriuretic peptides, B and C types (BNP and CNP), with a high degree of sequence homology to ANF, each derived from a separate gene and with some similar biological effects, were identified during the past deca-de5, 6.
		Atrial stretch, not pressure, is the principal determinant controlling the acute release of atrial natriuretic factor.
	www.medicinabuenosaires.com /vol58-98/2/anf.htm (3965 words)

	Atrial natriuretic factor in hydrops fetalis caused by Rh isoimmunisation.
		Plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic factor were determined by radioimmunoassay in 16 human fetuses of between 19 and 38 weeks' gestation.
		In four fetuses in which severe hydrops resolved after intravascular transfusions in utero, there were significant decreases in plasma atrial natriuretic factor concentrations; in the fifth fetus the decrease was less pronounced.
		Raised concentrations of atrial natriuretic factor in fetuses with severe anaemia and hydrops may be the result of atrial natriuretic factor release induced by hypoxia.
	www.medscape.com /medline/abstract/1696802?src=emed_ckb_ref_0 (268 words)

	Immunoreactive atrial natriuretic factor is present in both atria and ventricles. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It was first established that ANF is present in the circulation at all ages investigated, the highest levels being found in the foetus.
		In cultured atrial cardiocytes, ANF was more abundant than in cultured ventricular cardiocytes at all ages and the amount decreased with the age of the donor animals.
		Atrial cardiocytes secreted more ANF than did ventricular cardiocytes at all ages investigated, the amount secreted generally decreasing with the age of the donor animals.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_2957256.html (308 words)

	Atrial natriuretic factor, digoxin-like immunoreactive substance, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and plasma renin ...
		Atrial natriuretic factor, digoxin-like immunoreactive substance, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and plasma renin activity in human fetuses and their alteration by fetal disease.
		Norms for atrial natriuretic factor, digoxin-like immunoreactive substance, plasma renin activity, norepinephrine, and epinephrine were derived from fetuses ultimately shown to be free of detectable abnormality.
		Atrial natriuretic factor, digoxin-like immunoreactive substance, and plasma renin activity were unrelated to umbilical vessel source or gestational age.
	www.medscape.com /medline/abstract/2974684?src=emed_ckb_ref_0 (366 words)

	CHEST: Renal and vascular effects of atrial natriuretic factor during cardiopulmonary bypass (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A trial natriuretic factor (ANF) is a polypeptide secreted by the heart in response of arterial distention [1] and is involved in the regulation of body fluid balance and circulation.
		The uneffectiveness of ANF as a diuretic at low arterial pressures would be eliminated by extending the time of administering ANF and by allowing the blood pressure to increase from the initial low level of early CPB to higher levels during the course of hypothermic CPB.
		The dose of ANF used in the first part of the study, 100 [microgram] as a bolus, was based on our earlier studies in healthy volunteers [4,14] and in patients undergoing CPB [13] and was shown to have vasodilatory and diuretic/natriuretic activities.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0984/is_n5_v100/ai_11562010 (1447 words)

	Blast data for MP protein A000274 - Signaling Gateway
		Atrial natriuretic factor precursor (ANF) (Atrial natriuretic peptide) (ANP) (Prepronatriodilatin) [Equus caballus (Horse)]
		Natriuretic peptide A (Fragment) [Saguinus oedipus (Cotton-top tamarin)]
		Ventricular natriuretic peptide precursor (VNP) [Anguilla japonica (Japanese eel)]
	www.signaling-gateway.org /molecule/query;jsessionid=c6ca4bf1229ca4789a0520124ffcbf83ea037ec78650?afcsid=A000274&type=blast&adv=latest (377 words)

	INTERSCIENTIA: THE ENDOCRINE HEART
		Both ANF and BNP are synthesized by cardiocytes as preprohormones that are enzymatically processed to yield prohormones and, ultimately, hormones that are released into the circulation.
		Still, ANF and BNP as such are being used in the treatment of intrinsic renal failure and in chronic congestive heart failure.
		In the case of ANF and BNP it is known that their receptors' tissue distribution varies within and between species for reasons that are still unknown.
	www.uottawa.ca /publications/interscientia/inter.1/anf.html (1329 words)

	Reduced Oxygen Tension Increases Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Release from Atrial Cardiocytes -- Klinger et al. 226 (9): ...
		ANP release from atrial and ventricular cardiocytes in vitro.
		Genetic disruption of atrial natriuretic peptide causes pulmonary hypertension in normoxic and hypoxic mice.
		Down-regulation of pulmonary atrial natriuretic peptide receptors in rats exposed to chronic hypoxia.
	www.ebmonline.org /cgi/content/full/226/9/847 (4110 words)

	Atrial natriuretic factor increases splenic microvascular pressure and fluid extravasation in the rat -- Sultanian et ...
		Atrial natriuretic factor increases splenic microvascular pressure and fluid extravasation in the rat -- Sultanian et al.
		Atrial natriuretic factor increases splenic microvascular pressure and fluid extravasation in the rat
		It is concluded that ANF enhances the extravasation of isoncotic fluid from the splenic vasculature both by raising intrasplenic microvascular pressure (increased post-capillary resistance) and by increasing filtration area.
	jp.physoc.org /cgi/content/abstract/533/1/273 (573 words)

	VIII. Control of Extracellular Fluid Volume
		Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF) increases the excretion of salt and water (Fig 8-5).
		ANF is formed and released by atrial muscle cells.
		ANF increases salt and water excretion by increasing GFR, decreasing renin and aldosterone secretion and inhibiting salt reabsorption by the collecting tubule.
	www2.kumc.edu /ki/physiology/course/eight/8_3.htm (1867 words)

	Chronic Administration of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Reduces Testosterone Production of Testes in Mice -- Lee et al. 24 ...
		Steroidogenic effect of atrial natriuretic factor in isolated mouse Leydig cells is mediated by cyclic GMP.
		Atrial natriuretic factor inhibits the phosphorylation of protein kinase C in plasma membrane preparations of cultured Leydig tumor cells.
		Atrial natriuretic factor in mammalian testis: immunological detection in spermatozoa.
	www.andrologyjournal.org /cgi/content/full/24/6/912 (2850 words)

	Chest: Renal and vascular effects of atrial natriuretic factor during cardiopulmonary bypass.@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is a protein that is produced in the heart.
		ANF functions as the body's natural diuretic; it reduces the amount of salt and fluid in the body, and lowers blood pressure.
		ANF has been used to control blood pressure in patients with hypertension who are undergoing surgery.
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?docid=1G1:11562010&refid=ink_tptd_mag (228 words)

	Effects of Cardiac Hormones on Arterial Pressure and Sodium Excretion in NPRA Knockout Mice -- Dietz et al. 229 (8): ...
		The diuretic, natriuretic, and hypotensive responses to acute
		Role of atrial natriuretic factor in regulation of blood pressure in normotensive rats having reduced renal mass.
		Effect of changes in sodium intake on atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and peptides derived from the N-terminus of the ANF prohormone in the rat.
	www.ebmonline.org /cgi/content/full/229/8/813 (3277 words)

	[No title]
		Circulating prohormone atrial natriuretic peptides 1-30 and 31-67 increase in hyperthyroidism and decrease in hypothyroidism.
		Prohormone atrial natriuretic peptides 1-30 and 31-67 circulate normally in man and increase in proportion to the severity of the abnormality of salt and water metabolism.
		Acute and sustained release of N-terminal and C-terminal portions of the prohormone of atrial natriuretic factor with acute myocardial infarction.
	www.uams.edu /dim/bios/word_docs/winters.doc (2132 words)

	Comparison of Candoxatril and Atrial Natriuretic Factor in Healthy Men : Effects on Hemodynamics, Sympathetic Activity, ...
		with responses to a low-dose atrial natriuretic factor infusion.
		pmol/min), ANF caused significant increases in forearm venous distensibility
		ANF is rapidly inactivated in vivo by the NEP EC 3.4.24.11,
	hyper.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/26/6/1160 (3800 words)

	Circulating beta- atrial natriuretic factor in congestive heart failure in humans.
		As beta-ANF is reported to have reduced biological action, the current studies may support the conclusion that the ANF system in CHF has reduced functional activity despite increases in circulation concentrations.
		The current study was designed to determine the presence and magnitude of circulating beta- ANF in severe CHF, to correlate plasma beta- ANF with the degree of ventricular dysfunction, and to investigate the role of human plasma and atrial tissue in the degradation of beta- ANF.
		beta-ANF is the principal form of circulating ANF in patients with severe CHF and correlates with the degree of left ventricular dysfunction.
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gp/97834.html (321 words)

	Evidence of a guanylyl cyclase natriuretic peptide receptor in the gills of the new zealand hagfish Eptatretus ...
		Biological significance of atrial natriuretic peptide in the kidney.
		Characterisation of natriuretic peptide receptors in eel gill.
		Detectionof guanylate cyclases A and B stimulated by natriuretic peptides in gastrointestinal tract of rat.
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/refs/203/17/2519 (1012 words)

	Nucleotide sequences of the human and mouse atrial natriuretic factor genes -- Seidman et al. 226 (4679): 1206 -- ...
		Mouse and human atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) genes have been cloned and their nucleotide sequences determined.
		Ventricular expression of natriuretic peptides in Npr1-/- mice with cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
		Atrial natriuretic peptide gene G664A polymorphism and the risk of ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
	www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/abstract/226/4679/1206 (701 words)

	Increase in atrial natriuretic factor in the lungs, heart, and circulatory system owing to ozone. - Chest - HighBeam ...
		Increase in atrial natriuretic factor in the lungs, heart, and circulatory system owing to ozone.
		Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) may mediate both of these effects in that it increases pulmonary capillary permeability resulting in edema formation and vasodilates the vascular system.
		The present investigation was designed to test directly the effect of ozone on the content of ANF in the lungs, heart, and the circulatory system.
	www.highbeam.com /doc/1G1-15469172.html?refid=ip_hf (189 words)

	Heart disease and cardiovascular disorders - coronary artery disease, heart attack, stroke, atherosclerosis
		Atrial fibrillation - Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an electrical rhythm disturbance of the heart affecting the atria.
		Atrial fibrillation is associated with many cardiac conditions, including cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, ventricular hypertrophy and other associated conditions.
		Atrial fibrillation has been associated with hyperthyroidism, acute alcohol intoxication, changes in the autonomic nervous system and is common after cardiac surgery.
	heart-disease.health-cares.net (2335 words)

	Disposition of Vessel Dilator and Long-Acting Natriuretic Peptide in Healthy Humans after a One-Hour Infusion -- ...
		Charlton, J. and Baylis, P. Lack of inhibition of vasopressin-stimulated Na -ATPase by atrial natriuretic factor in rat renal medullary thick ascending limb of Helene's loop.
		Ngo, L., Bissett, J. Winters, C. and Vesely, D. Plasma prohormone atrial natriuretic peptides 1-98 and 31-67 increase with supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.
		Vesely, D. Atrial natriuretic hormones originating from the N-terminus of the atrial natriuretic factor prohormone.
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/282/2/603 (3864 words)

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