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Topic: Audaghost

	LikeThroat: Audaghost
		Audaghost was an important terminus of the medieval trans-Saharan trade route.
		The town was primarily a centre where North African traders could buy gold from the kings of ancient Ghana.
		Audaghost was first an independent market town and later a tributary satellite of Ghana.
	likethroat.blogspot.com /2004/07/audaghost.html (76 words)

	Armed Forces Secondary Technical School-Kumasi
		Last but not least, the Ghana empire did not remain as the richest but made profit from the trade which had made her very rich.
		In 990 A.D, however, the ruler of Ghana captured Audaghost and became part of Ghana and unfortunately for Ghana, another problem arose.
		By the middle of the eleventh century, a religious movement began in the Berber region called Almorauid movement and it aims was to spread the Muslims religion to all areas through Jihad which means Muslims holy war.
	www.allghanadata.com /afsts/localhist2.htm (4159 words)

	Baxter's EduNET - Time Machine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Attacks by the Almoravid Empire (an Islamic Berber state which included southern Spain, Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia) weaken Ghana after 1000 AD.
		The Almoravids declare a jihad or holy war to forcibly convert the Ghanaians to Islam.
		Although a smaller kingdom of Ghana continued to exist, it had lost its power over it neighbours.
	www.edunetconnect.com /cat/timemachine/1200wa.html (264 words)

	[No title]
		The westernmost route linked Ghana with the principal trading town of Audaghost, and continued across the western edge of the Sahara, and along the Atlas Mountains in southern Morocco to Sijilmasa, a crossroads commercial community that tied in the feeder routes north to Marakesh, Fez, and beyond.
		Tenkaminen, the king, around 1065, had an elaborate court and could put in the field two hundred thousand soldiers, more than forty thousand of them armed with bows and arrows.
		With this kind of power, backed up by skilled iron workers producing iron weapons, one can understand how Ghana was able to extend its control over the lesser states of Tekrur, Audaghost, and others.
	www.geocities.com /SoHo/Workshop/4275/StJohnsLec1.html (3725 words)

	The Trans-Saharan Gold Trade (7th-14th century) \| Special Topics Page \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Leaders of the ancient kingdom of Ghana accumulated wealth by keeping the core of pure metal, leaving the unworked native gold to be marketed by their people.
		By 1050 A.D., Ghana was strong enough to assume control of the Islamic Berber town of Audaghost.
		Trans-Saharan routes began to bypass Audaghost, expanding instead toward the newly opened Bure goldfield.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/hd/gold/hd_gold.htm (672 words)

	AfricAvenir - Research - Chronology of African History - Africa from 7th-11th Century
		This trade enabled the rise of the great empires—Ghana, Mali, and Songhai--of the savanna ("savanna" refers to a treeless or sparsely forested plain.)
		Some early trading towns, such as Kumbi, Audaghost and Gao, probably in existence.
		Bantu-speaking chiefdoms in the Katanga are producing and trading in copper.
	www.africavenir.org /research/chronology/700.php (574 words)

	Click Afrique: Magazine: History: Africa's Ancient Empires - Ghana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		As Ghana prospered and its fame spread, it attracted the attention of African historians and chroniclers of the day, such as Abu Ubayd al-Bakri.
		They describe the grandeur of the capital Koumbi Saleh (200 miles north of modern Bamako, Mali) and the majesty of its rulers, Kings who were also known as ‘Ghana’, as well as the bustling commercial activity in the northern market town of Audaghost.
		They conquered Audaghost in 1054, and Ghana’s capital Koumbi Saleh fell in 1076.
	www.clickafrique.com /0400rpt/history0504.asp (405 words)

	West African Kingdoms 500-1590: Communication, Transportation, Exploration History Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		One of the earliest trade routes followed by the northern traders linked the salt mines of Taghaza (an oasis in the Sahara), to Walata on the southern edge of the Sahara, and to other points in West Africa, including the important trading center of Djenne and the goldfields further south.
		During the latter part of the ninth century a route developed further west, linking the Moroccan cities of Tangier, Fez, and Sijilmasa to the West African market towns of Audaghost and Walata.
		From those towns, merchants could take other routes along the Senegal and Niger Rivers to reach other parts of the region.
	www.bookrags.com /history-west-african-kingdoms-transportation-exploration/sub10.html (276 words)

	The Washington Informer: Regional
		But before those advances could be addressed, the empire got involved in a nearly 40-year war with the Almoravids who declared holy war against Ghana because its peoples maintained their traditional African institutions and religions and refused to convert to Islam.
		Around 1054, the booming trading center of Audaghost fell to the Almoravids under the leadership of Abu Bakr.
		The draining war continued and 22 years later the capital city of Koumbi Saleh also fell.
	www.washingtoninformer.com /ARSpecialReport2006Jan19.html (688 words)

	Western and Central Sudan, 1000-1400 A.D. \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		They nevertheless reflect the economic conditions, cultural histories, and architectural traditions of the medieval empires from which they originated.
		, an Islamic Berber sect, recaptures Audaghost from the Ghana empire.
		Repeated Almoravid incursions, aimed at seizing control of the
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/ht/07/sfw/ht07sfw.htm (876 words)

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