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Topic: Augmentation Research Center

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George Pake

Carnegie Institute of Technology

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1970

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	STIM - MouseSite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		For two years beginning in 1959 at SRI in Menlo Park, Engelbart was provided the opportunity to pursue his visionary ideas further into the formulation of a theoretical framework for the co-evolution of human skills, knowledge, and organizations.
		At the heart of this vision was the computer as an extension of human communication capabilities and resource for the augmentation of human intellect.
		By 1968 Engelbart and a group of young computer scientists and electrical engineers he assembled in the Augmentation Research Center at SRI were able to stage a 90-minute public multimedia demonstration of a networked computer system.
	sloan.stanford.edu /MouseSite (157 words)

	electric minds \| tools for thought
		The seventeen members of the Augmentation Research Center, Engelbart explained during their 1968 show, were attempting to create a medium that would be useful to the other ARPA computer researchers and eventually to anyone who works with information.
		As individuals, and as a group, ARC wasn't immune to the conflicts that affected the rest of the culture, although it was privy to its own mutated forms of it.
		ARC never seemed to make it to the promised land, and the former point-man for radical technology seemed to be more and more isolated in an interesting but less than influential backwater.
	www.abbedon.com /electricminds/html/tom_tools_9.html (10768 words)

	eMedicine - Augmentation Cystoplasty : Article by Alan J Iverson, MD
		Augmentation cystoplasty is a surgical procedure used in adults and children who lack adequate bladder capacity or detrusor compliance.
		Augmentation cystoplasty is considered when a patient has symptoms so severe that, despite medical treatment, the person's lifestyle is limited or when a person has such high-pressure urinary storage that the upper urinary tracts are at risk.
		Patients with neuropathic causes for bladder dysfunction requiring augmentation cystoplasty (eg, those with spina bifida) may require the ileocecal valve to maintain fecal continence, and the combined use of distal ileum and cecum is not recommended in these patients.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic3020.htm (5153 words)

	Graham Plastic Surgery Center - Breast Augmentation
		Breast augmentation surgery is performed to enhance the size and shape of a woman's breast.
		Breast augmentation surgery also can be done to correct asymmetry, when one breast is noticeably larger than the other.
		For many women, the result of breast augmentation surgery can be satisfying, as they learn to appreciate their fuller appearance.
	www.bodyimage.com /breast_augmentation.htm (1149 words)

	Douglas Engelbart
		It was in 1963, an outcome of the proposal written for the Air Force, that he began receiving the funds for his own research laboratory, which he later dubbed the Augmentation Research Center.
		The Augmentation Research Center was developing the kind of technology that Engelbart believed would be required to augment human intellect, and to support the bootstrapping/augmentation process as well.
		Engelbart's focus continues to be on creating high-performance organizations by fostering bootstrapping communities, researching and developing the enabling technologies, best practices, and special strategies for developing and deploying these capabilities on a continuous improvement basis, with pro-active participation from stakeholders in government, industry, and society.
	www.planetwork.net /2003conf/textpages/presenters/DougEngelbart.html (2522 words)

	Multimedia – From Wagner to Virtual Reality
		It's an agency, that's Advanced Research Projects Agency, that sits in the office of Secretary of Defense, down under a whole bunch of other stuff.
		This basically characterizes what we pursued for many years in what we called the "Augmentation Research Center" at Stanford Research Institute in Menlo Park.
		ARC was driven by a coherent, long-term pursuit.
	www.artmuseum.net /w2vr/archives/Engelbart/00_ARC.html (293 words)

	Doug Engelbart 1968 DEMO
		The ARC team distinguishes overall man-computer system into a dichotomy between two systems, the service system and user system.The Service System is what appears at the terminal, the organization of software and hardware the system gives to me, the set of tools and capabilities available when I click on the screen.
		Doug describes a project within the Augmentation Research Center to study and develop their own system of management tools to organize and manage the work of the 17 people in the group.
		In this segment Doug outlines the participation of ARC in the planned ARPA computer network to be established within the next year (1969), in which 20 different computer sites across the country will be connected in a network.
	web.media.mit.edu /~jackylee/doug.htm (1648 words)

	CenterWatch Clinical Research Center Profile (2326): Florida Dermatology Institute; West Palm Beach, FL
		The center is a dedicated dermatology/dermatopathology center dedicated to dermatology/cosmetic dermatology patient care and research.
		The center is interested in conducting clinical trials for the following: skin cancer, melanoma, actinic keratoses, psoriasis, eczema, warts, acne, impetigo, foot ulcers, pigmentary disorders and hair loss/regrowth.
		In addition, we are interested in soft tissue augmentation, botox, liposuction, fat transplantation, hair transplantation and alternatives to botox, sclerotherapy treatments, laser treatments (aging, pigment diseases, leg and facial veins, tattoos) and chemical rejuvenation.
	www.centerwatch.com /professional/pro1127.html (748 words)

	[No title]
		The ideal candidate for butt augmentation is in good health, within normal weight ranges and wears an eight to 12 dress size.
		The most common complication of butt augmentation is infection which happens in under two percent of cases.
		The general range of gluteal augmentation varies between $8,000 and $18,000, depending on the area in which you live.
	www.cosmeticsurgery.com /research/cosmetic-surgery/Butt-Augmentation (1471 words)

	GVU/Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The GVU Center leads at the forefront of research that combines in-depth studies of human capabilities, needs, and practices, cutting-edge graphical display techniques, augmented spaces that merge physical and virtual elements, intelligent sensing, and novel input, output and wearable technologies.
		By creating an interdisciplinary framework that spans the Georgia Tech campus as well as many outside collaborators, the GVU Center enables collaborative research that is often difficult to achieve in traditional academic and industrial settings.
		These unique combinations of research interests are the catalyst for significant insights into the rapidly evolving landscape of people and computation.
	www.gvu.gatech.edu /research/index.html (96 words)

	[No title]
		RFC 191 Charles Irby NIC 7136 Augmentation Research Center Category D.6, I.1 Stanford Research Institute 13-JUL-71 GRAPHICS IMPLEMENTATION AND CONCEPTUALIZATION AT ARC Overview: This document is a brief description of the way in which graphics terminals are conceptualized and used at the Augmentation Research Center.
		Although our attention has initially been centered about the display of textual material, we are now about to turn our attention toward pictorial displays (hopefully much enhanced over our previous 940 line drawing capabilities).
		Description of the "conceptual display" implemented at ARC The allocatable output unit for our display terminals (which include our local terminals and all remote processor-displays) is [Page 1] a rectangular "display area".
	www.ietf.org /rfc/rfc191.txt (1183 words)

	Xerox PARC Summary
		In retrospect, this turned out to be a good idea, for around 1974, PARC was able to raid the nearby Augmentation Research Center (founded by Douglas Engelbart) for some of its most talented personnel.
		Most critics don't realize that computing research was a relatively small part of PARC; there were many researchers working in areas such as materials science at PARC, including pioneers in LCD and optical disc technologies.
		Xerox PARC was the first research group to widely adopt the mouse invented by Douglas Engelbart's Augmentation Research Center at the Stanford Research Institute (now SRI International) in Menlo Park, California.
	www.bookrags.com /Xerox_PARC (1781 words)

	Doug Engelbart In Perspective
		Augmentation research (which is going on in a world of the rapid change we discussed earlier) would have to be dealt with through continuous, facilitated evolution.
		In the Augmented Human Intellect (AHI) Research Center at Stanford Research Institute a group of researchers is developing an experimental laboratory around an interactive, multi-console computer-display system, and is working to learn the principles by which interactive computer aids can augment their intellectual capability.
		Though the primary research goal is to develop principles of analysis and design so as to understand how to augment human capability, choosing the researchers them selves as subjects yields as valuable secondary benefit a system tailored to help develop complex computer-based systems.
	www.liquidinformation.org /ohs/oregon/doug_oregon.html (11438 words)

	howard rheingold's \| tools for thought
		In a matter of months, the SRI Augmentation Research Center was due to become the Network Information Center for ARPA's experiment in long-distance linking of computers -- the fabled ARPAnet.
		This area of document preparation and communication was but a small slice from the grand range of applications he envisioned, but it was one tool that the augmentation team itself needed immediately, and one that every laboratory and office in the world would want -- as soon as people understood that computers weren't just calculators.
		Paradoxically, just when their leader decided that "team augmentation" would be their goal, his own team began to react negatively to growing pressures -- technological, psychological, and social.
	www.rheingold.com /texts/tft/9.html (10717 words)

	Augmentation Research Center Proposal
		This proposal covers the creation of an Augmentation Research Center modeled after Doug Engelbart's Augmentation Research Center at SRI in the 1960's and 70's.
		It proposes an initial research project to study what is involved in getting as much as possible out of computers, for the benefit of mankind.
		The whole point of this exercise is to develop better and better augmentation infrastructures (which will heavily utilize networked computers- software and hardware- as well as anything else which is involved in improving how we think and communicate, such as education, training and so on).
	www.liquidinformation.org /nelson/index-body.html (814 words)

	Bootstrap Institute: History in pix
		The mouse was patented in 1970 as an "X-Y Position Indicator." Xerox Park is often credited, erroneously so, with the invention of the mouse, but they do have to their credit the trackball that has replaced the perpendicular wheels.
		Workstation with mouse.- The mouse was invented for use with display workstations that were pioneered in Engelbart's laboratory, the Augmentation Research Center.
		Until then, all the ARC's display workstations were situated in an open arena shared by all his engineers.
	www.bootstrap.org /chronicle/pix/pix.html (1463 words)

	Wired 12.01: The Click Heard Round The World
		It was hard for people to grok what we did at my lab, the Augmentation Research Center at SRI in Menlo Park.
		At that time, I was getting married and had a good engineering job at Ames Research Center, the precursor to NASA, and though I was only 25 it dawned on me that I had achieved all the career goals I had set for myself!
		We weren't interested in "automation" but in "augmentation." We were not just building a tool, we were designing an entire system for working with knowledge.
	www.wired.com /wired/archive/12.01/mouse_pr.html (2390 words)

	[No title]
		An historically important organizational cluster emerged at Stanford Research Institute in the 1960s, peaked about 1974, and was scattered in 1977 with a small core carrying forth in a commercial (and then industrial) environment to the present.
		ARC grew to laboratory size and status, but it became something of a problem for SRI.
		What I wanted was for the NIC to become a community support center that would really go after the development of collaboration support tools and methods, and would provide services to encourage the ARPANET RandD folks to evolve their working ways accordingly.
	www.stanford.edu /class/history34q/readings/Engelbart/Engelbart_AugmentWorkshop.html (12932 words)

	The World Wide Web: Past, Present, And Future - Research & Tools News by InformationWeek
		In just 15 years, the World Wide Web has gone through many iterations: document-sharing tool for researchers, key source of news and information, shopping mecca, multimedia playground, and incredibly popular means of socializing and self-expression.
		A combination of broadcast television and microfilm, in theory this device would allow researchers to rapidly access microfilm from remote locations as well as quickly link from one microfilm version of a book to a related topic in another via electromagnetic means.
		Memex was a far cry from the notion of hypertext -- computers in the 1940s lacked any sort of visual element beyond the punch card -- but Bush's theory that humans would pool their knowledge for quick reference and cross-reference proved eerily accurate.
	www.informationweek.com /research/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=193000621 (624 words)

	douglas engelbart
		It was the first working model for the future of computers, and it electrified the audience.ARPA canceled the funding of the Augmentation Center in the early 1970s, and the center closed in 1977.
		He settled on a research position at SRI (then Stanford Research Institute), where he earned another dozen patents in two years working on magnetic computer components, fundamental digital-device phenomena, and miniaturization scaling potential.
		His focus continues to be in creating high-performance organizations by fostering bootstrapping communities, researching and developing the enabling technologies, best practices, and special strategies for developing and deploying these capabilities on a continuous improvement basis, with pro-active participation from stakeholders in government, industry, and society.
	www.thocp.net /biographies/engelbart_douglas.html (2584 words)

	RCCS: View Book Info
		Thus, Bardini's decision to foreground Engelbart's theoretical research makes Bootstrapping perhaps the first published work of scholarship which provides an in-depth analysis of the ideas which were then in circulation at the Augmentation Research Center regarding the user-computer relationship.
		By thoughtfully addressing research which was later abandoned, Bardini does not fall into the trap of utilizing retrospective distortion in recounting the origins of the personal computers.
		This distortion is a misleading point of view that is reinforced whenever a history proposes a neat and tidy (linear and erroneous) pathway of technical development, free of the complex and messy behaviors of individuals and cultures.
	rccs.usfca.edu /bookinfo.asp?ReviewID=212&BookID=181 (2318 words)

	[No title]
		Network Working Group James E. White Request for Comments: 708 Augmentation Research Center Elements of a Distributed Programming System January 5, 1976 James E. White Augmentation Research Center Stanford Research Institute Menlo Park, California 94025 (415) 326-6200 X2960 This paper suggests some extensions to the simple Procedure Call Protocol described in a previous paper (27197).
		The work reported here was supported by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense, and by the Rome Air Development Center of the Air Force.
		This research included developing the Model; designing and documenting, and implementing a prototype run-time environment for a particular machine [4, 5], specifically a PDP-10 running the Tenex operating system developed by Bolt, Beranek and Newman, Inc. [6].
	www.ietf.org /rfc/rfc708.txt (5821 words)

	Augmentation Research Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		If we want systems to know what we know and act on our behalf without intervention and to be perfect in executing our wishes, that is hard.
		It has been one of the goals of artificial intelligence research for the last 30 years.
		The efforts of this research group are on finding ways to use digital technology to augment intellectual activity when groups of individuals are involved.
	www.sis.pitt.edu /~spring/arc/welcome.html (369 words)

	Arizona Breast Augmentation specialist Dr. Robert J. Spies
		Breast Augmentation, (Augmentation Mammaplasty) uses implants to enlarge or shape the breasts.
		Women who feel that their bodies are not proportioned right, who feel that their breasts have lost volume with age, or after pregnancy, and women who have one breast noticably larger than the other may want to undergo the breast augmentation procedure in Arizona.
		Arizona breast augmentation specialist Dr. Spies will provide you with information on the latest implant research at your first appointment.
	www.azplasticsurgerycenter.com /az-baugmentation.htm (198 words)

	Breast Augmentation - Womens Health and Medical Information on MedicineNet.com
		Augmentation of the breast consists of insertion of a silicone bag (prosthesis) under the breast (submammary) or under the breast and chest muscle (subpectoral) and then filling the bag with saline (salt water).
		This prosthesis expands the breast area to give a fuller breast (increased cup size), give a better contour, and give more cleavage.
		Learn about warning signs, types, and research on breast cancer.
	www.medicinenet.com /breast_augmentation/article.htm (433 words)

	Nerds 2.0.1 - The First Link
		One project he funded in 1963 was the "Augmentation Research Center," headed by Doug Engelbart out at Stanford.
		He worked for NACA (later renamed NASA) at the Ames Laboratory for three years, but his fascination for computers grew and he went back to graduate school to study the new field of computer science.
		At the Augmentation Research Center, Engelbart was developing a new way of computing and he had to invent new tools to make it work.
	www.pbs.org /opb/nerds2.0.1/networking_nerds/hypertext.html (229 words)

	History of Information Science and Technology 1970-1980
		Edgar F. Codd, IBM San Jose Research Lab, writes his landmark paper (which had been preceded by internal IBM reports) on his basic ideas for a relational database system.
		NASA's Lewis Research Center in Ohio creates Lewis-NASA Line Information Storage and Retrieval (LISR) system, which is also known as NASA-LISR, and makes it servicable (Bourne and Hahn).
		May: Bob Metcalfe and David Boggs, who at the time were researchers at the legendary Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), develop Ethernet.
	www.libsci.sc.edu /bob/istchron/ISCNET/ISC1970.HTM (2546 words)

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