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Topic: Augmented fourth

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	Augmented sixth chord - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		An augmented sixth chord is a chord which has the interval of an augmented sixth between its highest and lowest notes and also a major third above the lowest note.
		All augmented sixth chords have a flattened sub-mediant (sixth degree of the scale (A flat in C major, for example) and a raised fourth (F# in C).
		Walter Piston (1987) also defines the Swiss sixth, which is simply a German augmented sixth chord spelled with a raised second scale degree instead of a lowered third scale degree (i.e., D sharp instead of E flat in C major).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Augmented_sixth_chord (368 words)

	IF-Review: An Undiminished Chord (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Augmented Fourth is a fairly easy puzzle romp whose appeal lies in wackily charming worldbuilding and sly jokes/reworkings of classic IF and fantasy tropes.
		Augmented Fourth uses an adapted-for-its-genre version of the Enchanter spellcasting concept: as a trumpeter you can play pieces whose magical power work transformations on your environment.
		Where Augmented Fourth shines most is in the goofy style, which, with its numerous animals and brightly colored objects, frequently reminded me of a children's book.
	www.ministryofpeace.com /if-review/reviews/20010209.html (840 words)

	Augmented Fourth review
		As with everything else in Augmented Fourth, however, even this unusual premise is crafted in ways you might not expect: you spend five moves simply falling into the pit, trying to grab onto things as you fall (and failing), and listening to the banter of a couple of nasty guards whose stupidity rivals the king's.
		To be sure, Augmented Fourth has a lot of company in that respect--not many games really integrate plot and puzzles more thoroughly than giving you an overall objective and perhaps an initial nudge--but it's still worth noting for those who crave a real melding of the narrative and the crossword.
		Augmented Fourth does incorporate a device to reduce the sense that you've left the domain of plot and entered the realm of puzzles: periodically (in fact, at key points after you solve certain puzzles), you're shown cut scenes featuring the obnoxious king.
	members.cox.net /dns361/fourth.html (974 words)

	Perfect fourth - One Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The musical interval of a perfect fourth, often P4, is the relationship between the first note (the root or tonic) and the fourth note (subdominant) in a major scale.
		The perfect fourth is considered the most consonant interval after the unison, octave, and perfect fifth.
		Conventionally, the strings of a double bass and a bass guitar are tuned by intervals of perfect fourths, while all strings but one of a guitar are tuned to intervals of perfect fourths.
	www.onelang.com /encyclopedia/index.php/Perfect_fourth (212 words)

	Articles - Interval (music) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		A perfect fourth is five semitones, a perfect fifth is seven semitones, a perfect octave is twelve semitones.
		The inversion of a major interval is a minor interval (and vice versa); the inversion of a perfect interval is also perfect; the inversion of an augmented interval is a diminished interval (and vice versa); and the inversion of a double augmented interval is a double diminished interval (and vice versa).
		Interval cycles, "unfold a single recurrent interval in a series that closes with a return to the initial pitch class", and are notated by George Perle using the letter "C", for cycle, with an interval class integer to distinguish the interval.
	www.worldhammock.com /articles/Interval_(music) (2094 words)

	Augmented Sixth Chords
		Although augmented sixth chords do not share all the properties of their subdominant counterparts they do share one very important function: they are dominant preparations.
		More precisely, augmented sixth chords are leading tone or chromatic preparations of V. However, since the interval of the augmented 6th (unlike the tritone), does not determine any particular key, the chord of resolution does not sound like a tonic.
		The note determining the functional identity of the chord is the seventh of the dominant 7th and the "root" of the German 6/5 (the note that usually appears in the soprano and forms the interval of the augmented sixth with the bass).
	www.utexas.edu /courses/mus612b/fmain/fdocs/notes/augsixth.html (2293 words)

	Dolmetsch Online - Music Theory Online - Chords in Detail
		The first and fourth are major seventh chords, the second, third and sixth are minor seventh chords, the fifth is a dominant seventh chord while the last, the seventh, is called a minor seventh flat five chord.
		the German augmented 6th chord is derived from the raised subdominant, whereas the Swiss augmented 6th chord is derived from the raised supertonic chord.
		The perfect fifth of the German augmented 6th chord is preferred in a major key when going to the I 6-4 because the approach to the 3rd of the tonic appears as an ascending minor second and not an ascending augmented unison.
	www.dolmetsch.com /musictheory17.htm (2502 words)

	music definitions
		Augmented fourth - An interval that is a half step larger than a perfect fourth.
		Structural tones - The first, fourth, and fifth tones of the scale are the roots of the three primary triads: tonic, subdominant and dominant.
		The interval of the augmented fourth or diminished fifth.
	www.guitarsecrets.com /music_definitions.htm (3370 words)

	Interval (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Listen to the augmented prime, diminished second, augmented third, diminished sixth, augmented seventh, diminished octave, augmented fourth, and diminished fifth.
		A diminished fifth and an augmented fourth are both six half-steps, or three whole tones, so another term for this interval is a tritone.
		The inversion of an augmented interval is diminished and of a diminished interval is augmented.
	cnx.rice.edu /content/m10867/latest (1048 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The augmented sixth arises out of both mixture and chromaticism: most characteristically, the augmented sixth occurs between the lowered sixth degree of the scale and raised scale degree four.
		The French (Italian sixth plus an augmented fourth above the bass scale degree 2) moves directly to V. As with most of the chords that we know, the function of a particular chord hinges on the melodic tendencies of the bass voice and its position within a key.
		Because the majority of augmented sixth chords are built upon the lowered sixth degree in major, they often function as a chromatically altered II or IV chord.
	www.duke.edu /web/mus065/aug6.htm (352 words)

	How was the tritone used?
		As modern writers have suggested, in a context of early organum around the 9th-10th centuries with parallel fifths and fourths predominating, an augmented fourth or diminished fifth might be heard as a kind of a "Wolf" -- that is, an interval which seems an "out-of-tune" variant on an expected concord.
		Indeed, there are many 13th-century cadences where the tritone serves basically as a "counterfeit fourth or fifth," and Boen suggests that similar progressions may sometimes have occurred in the 14th century as well.
		In a medieval context, where fifths and fourths are the most complex stable intervals, the tritone is unique among the usual intervals in neither being itself stable, nor in being to resolve to any stable interval by conjunct contrary motion: compare 2-4, 3-1 or 3-5, 6-8 or 6-4, and 7-5.
	www.medieval.org /emfaq/harmony/tritone.html (2110 words)

	"A Passion for the Rondo Theme in Rondo V" - Rondos I, III and V, Opus 3 by Jane Savage: Motive Development ...
		While she alternates between two keys - F and C major, which are obviously related, she creates tension by introducing another augmented fourth in m.
		This tension in both the rondo theme and the first episode may be why she continues to develop motives derived from the rondo theme throughout the rest of the rondo.
		What is interesting is the fact that she introduces no new material in the fourth episode and the coda.
	www.humanities.mcmaster.ca /~mus701/macmacvol2/nb/nbrondo5.htm (1269 words)

	and
		Since C to F is a perfect fourth (5 half steps), C to F# would be an augmented fourth (6 half steps).
		F to B is also an augmented fourth (since F to Bb is a perfect fourth).
		For example, since C to A is a major sixth (9 semitones), C to A# is an augmented sixth (10 semitones).
	www.musictheory.net /lessons/xml/id31_en_uk.xml (422 words)

	Marc Sabatella's Jazz Improvisation Primer: Basic Theory
		For example, a tritone is sometimes called an augmented fourth if the spelling of the notes in the interval appears to describe a fourth.
		For example, the tritone interval from C to F# is called an augmented fourth, because the interval from C to F is a perfect fourth.
		Thus, a C augmented triad would be formed by changing the G in a C major triad to a G#.
	www.outsideshore.com /primer/primer/ms-primer-4-1.html (2093 words)

	Trend: Augmented Reality Check
		In his 2002 article “Augmented Reality and Education: Current Projects and the Potential for Classroom Learning,” Brett Shelton says the MagicBook project sparked people’s interest in the industrial applications of AR.
		But the objects are part of synchronous e-learning: The instructor guides learners to view various them in sequence as part of his or her learning strategy, much as a traditional instructor might tell learners to turn to a certain illustration in a manual or textbook.
		In short, augmented reality training is no different than other types in that it needs to be focused on solid instructional design and well thought-out cost-benefit analysis.
	www.learningcircuits.org /2004/dec2004/0412_trends.htm (2243 words)

	CGR: Intervals
		Each augmented or diminished interval (with the exception of the A4/d5) is enharmonically equivalent to a particular interval of a more normal persuasion.
		Augmented Fifth is enharmonically equivalent to a Minor Sixth.
		Augmented Sixth is enharmonically equivalent to a Minor Seventh.
	www.christianguitar.org /forums/showthread.php?t=66723 (780 words)

	chord progression glossary
		A succession of two functional chords where the root of the second chord is an interval of a perfect fourth or augmented fourth higher or an interval of a perfect fifth or diminished fifth lower.
		The augmented 5th chord (also referred to just as the augmented chord) is a chromatic chord made up of two major thirds which added together make up the interval of an augmented 5th.
		Total polarisation involves the use of three progressions (the rising fourth (α); falling third (β) and rising second (γ) progressions) to the total exclusion of the remaining reverse progressions (falling fourth (α'); rising third (β') and falling second (γ') progressions).
	www.harmony.org.uk /chord_progression_glossary.htm (4200 words)

	Free Sheet Music from NotaViva.com - Welcome to our theory section. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The Dissonant intervals are: The Seconds and Sevenths, and all Augmented and Diminished intervals.
		The false (or cross) relation of the Tritone (augmented fourth) and of the augmented or diminished octave must be avoided.
		To avoid the false relation of the augmented fourth, never write in succession the major thirds on the fourth and fifth degrees of the scale.
	www.notaviva.com /theory/cntrpnt001.html (573 words)

	Other Chromatic Chords
		The third type of augmented sixth chord has two different spellings: one for major keys and one for minor keys.
		The lowered scale degree 3 is respelled as a raised scale degree 2, forming the strange interval of a doubly-augmented fourth above the lowered scale degree 6.
		The parallel fourths in this voicing are acceptable.) Also note the voice leading when resolving to the V chord: the augmented second is acceptable.
	www.smu.edu /totw/chromat.htm (912 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		For example, the seventh scale degree can be play the role of an augmented fourth or as a diminished fifth.
		Technically these would be added fourth or added second chords, but the "added" phrase is usually ommited.
		Technically this latter chord is an added fourth chord, but the added fourth is not specified since it is implied by specifying the bass note.
	www.lava.net /~newsham/progs/chords.txt (551 words)

	Pythagorean Tuning - More details
		While medieval writers often lump both augmented fourth and diminished fifth under the term tritone, in fact the latter interval is not identical to the former.
		We might describe eb-f# as a Pythagorean augmented second: it consists of the apotome eb-e, the diatonic semitone e-f, and the apotome f-f#, and thus a rounded (114 + 90 + 114) or 318 cents.
		One quirk of Pythgorean tuning which we encountered in Section 4.2.2 is the "Wolf" fifth or fourth which results between the extreme notes of our tuning chain in fifths, g#-eb' or eb-g# in a standard scheme with Eb at one end of the chain and G# at the other.
	www.medieval.org /emfaq/harmony/pyth4.html (11001 words)

	intervals
		The augmented fourth (aug4,#4), diminished fifth (dim5,b5), tritone is the distance of six frets from each other (on the same string).
		The minor tenth (m10,b10), augmented ninth (aug9,#9) is the compound interval of an octave plus a minor third (or aug 2nd).
		The augmented eleventh (aug11,#11), is the compound interval of an octave plus a augmented fourth.
	members.aol.com /snglstringtheory/archive/may9.html (971 words)

	Brass Lantern Eric Crahan Augmented Fourth Review
		So begins Augmented Fourth; the PC in an out-of-control fall, listening to the dimwitted commentary of two guards reading the king's sentence ("Skip to the end, Rob.
		An augmented fourth, as Uri teaches us, is a musical term -- an interval of notes consisting of three whole tones.
		Augmented Fourth is a solid game, surprisingly entertaining since it relies so heavily on well-tread IF turf.
	brasslantern.org /reviews/text/fourthcrahan.html (1297 words)

	NewComposer
		Note: that the Augmented fourth and the diminished fifth are the same interval but are described differently on the staff.
		For example, the augmented fourth could be in the key of G major and the diminished fifth could be in the key of D-flat major.)
		The descending intervals of the C major scale are minor second, minor third, perfect fourth, perfect fifth, minor sixth, minor seventh and perfect octave.
	courses.ncssm.edu /church/emusic/NewMusic/Composer/Intervals.htm (242 words)

	Music Theory-Interval (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		A perfect fourth, for example, C-F, can be analyzed to contain two whole steps (C-D, D-E) and a half-step (E-F); the diatonic scale also contains the interval F-B (three whole steps), and the ear perceives it as radically different from a perfect fourth.
		It is termed an augmented fourth, for it is a half-step larger than a perfect fourth.
		Western music eventually went beyond the diatonic scale in its choice of tonal material, thereby giving rise to other augmented intervals (such as C-A-sharp, an augmented sixth, a half-step larger than the major sixth C-A) and to diminished intervals (compressed by a half-step, as, C-sharp-E, a diminished third).
	www.geocities.com /musicman110_2000/interval.html (324 words)

	Intervals
		Notice that the intervals of an octave, fifth and fourth are identical in both major and minor scales.
		Notice that the augmented fourth and the diminished fifth both contain 6 half steps.
		A fourth is between a third and fifth, and a sixth is between a fifth and seventh.
	www.smu.edu /totw/interval.htm (915 words)

	Music:Chords - Wikibooks
		The major is very consonant; the minor is a bit less so but still consonant for most purposes.
		The augmented is very dissonant and the diminished is extremely dissonant as it contains a tritone (augmented fourth or, in this case, diminished fifth).
		The easiest way to apply a triad, or indeed any chord, is to pick one on a polyphonic instrument (such as a piano) and play its three notes simultaneously.
	en.wikibooks.org /wiki/Music:Chords (954 words)

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