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	Adventures in CyberSound: Lumière, Auguste et Louis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		His destined to be famous sons Auguste and Louis were both born at Besancon (1862 and 1864) but it was in Lyon, where the family moved in 1870, that their collective fame and fortune rose.
		Louis worked on the problem of commercially satisfactory development of film; at 18 he had succeeded so well that with his father's financial aid he opened a factory for producing photographic plates, which gained immediate success.
		The invention was patented on February 13 1895, and a programme of short films directed and photographed by Louis was first unveiled to the general public on 28 December 1895 - a date that many historians claim to be the birthdate of the cinema as we know it.
	www.acmi.net.au /AIC/LUMIERE_BIO.html (2580 words)

	Louis Lumière / Louis Lumiere / director / realisateur / films / biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		It was left largely to Louis to explore the new medium and to exploit its commercial potential.
		Louis was the more artistically minded of the two brothers — it was he who photographed and directed the Lumières’ first films.
		Auguste was more a scientist, in the traditional sense of the word, but also a very competent technician.
	frenchfilms.topcities.com /nf_louis_lumiere.html (517 words)

	LUMIÈRE BROTHERS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Louis Lumière, The Cinematograph, La Nature, 12 October 1895.
		Now that the first real film camera was in use, it was up to its pioneers to use it.
		His film The Arrival of a Train at the Station (1895) showed the train coming in diagonally across the screen, a very unconventional method of framing.
	www.holonet.khm.de /visual_alchemy/lumiere-x.html (240 words)

	Auguste and Louis Lumière : Auguste and Louis Lumiere (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Lumière Brothers, Louis (1864-1948) and Auguste (1862-1954), were the creators of the cinematographe/projector.
		Louis had made some improvements to the still photograph process but it was not until their father retired in 1892 that the brothers set to work to create moving pictures.
		They patented a number of significant processes - most notably the creation of sprocket holes[?] in the film strip as a means of getting the film through the camera and projector.
	www.city-search.org /au/auguste-and-louis-lumiere.html (584 words)

	Who's Who of Victorian Cinema
		Although Auguste gave credit to Louis, the successful machine was patented in France on 13 February 1895 in the name of both brothers, in common with their other inventions.
		Louis ordered twenty five Cinématographes from engineer Jules Carpentier, followed by an order for a further 200, and within weeks agents took them throughout Europe, America, and within months all over the world, shooting scenes and giving filmshows.
		In 1902, Louis opened a Photorama exhibit in Paris, his invention using a band of film and fast-revolving lenses to produce, by means of persistence of vision, a circular, static panorama.
	www.victorian-cinema.net /louislumiere.htm (676 words)

	LUMIERE BROTHERS FILMS - HISTORY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Ironically as we look back in retrospect in comparison to what film has developed into today, the Lumiere Brothers believed it to be a medium without a future as they suspected that people would bore of images that they could just as easily see by walking out into the street.
		However, their film sequence of a train pulling into the station reportedly had audiences screaming and ducking for cover as they believed that the train itself was about to plow into the theater.
		Born in the Haute-Saone District in 1862 and 1864, with Auguste being the elder, the Lumiere family eventually settled in Lyon.
	www.holonet.khm.de /visual_alchemy/lumiere.html (271 words)

	Who's Who of Victorian Cinema
		He was later involved in the development of the Cinématographe; while Louis was chiefly responsible for the mechanism, Auguste arranged for Alfred Molteni (leading manufacturer of projection lanterns) to make the necessary lamphouses.
		Auguste appeared in several of the early films himself, directing the activity in Démolition d'un mur and, with his wife Marguerite and daughter Andrée, enjoying the role of family man in the proto-home movie Repas de Bébé, and again with young Andrée in Pêche aux Poissons Rouge.
		Even while he assisted Louis in the exploitation of the Cinématographe, Auguste's interests were focused on research in medical and related fields.
	victorian-cinema.net /augustelumiere.htm (367 words)

	The Lumiere Camera (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In 1895, two brothers, Auguste and Louis Lumiere, redefined the motion picture camera, building the elegant "cinematographe".
		With this increased mobility, the Lumiere brothers shot over 1400 films in their life, most of which were "actualities", predecessors to the modern documentary.
		The simplicity of the camera's design is enduring; recently, 40 modern filmakers took up a refabricated version to film their own short clips.
	www.uweb.ucsb.edu /~julius/Film/timeline/lumiere.htm (120 words)

	Louis Jean Lumiere -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		French chemist and industrialist Louis Lumière, along with his brother, Auguste, invented the first commercially successful motion-picture projector, which they used in 1895 to create the first motion picture.
		Louis Jean Lumière was born in Besançon, France, on Oct. 5, 1864.
		August and Louis Lumière invented a motion-picture technology in the late 19th century, and Alice Guy-Blaché and others were industry pioneers.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9315628?tocId=9315628 (680 words)

	Adventures in CyberSound: Auguste and Louis Lumière (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Auguste and Louis Lumière Stills from some of their movies of 1895 - 1896
		The body of their work represents captured moments of real life, and is distinctly different from other early film pioneers such as Thomas Edison and George Méliès who immediately saw film's ability to change reality.
		Perhaps this is why Louis Lumière saw no future in the medium - he expected the novelty of watching images on a screen that could be seen just as easily by walking outside and opening one's eyes to wear off as time progressed.
	www.acmi.net.au /AIC/LUMIERE_STILLS.html (135 words)

	First Motion Picture Screening Shocks French Audience
		This invention, created by brothers Auguste and Louis Lumiere, was inspired by the work of American inventor Thomas Alva Edison.
		The believability of their film was because of the fact that they placed the camera in front of the running train, creating the illusion that it will run over the audience.
		The Lumiere brothers have a small collection of films they were testing their cinematograph on, most of which were shot by Louis.
	www.dailypast.com /europe/first-movie.shtml (873 words)

	World Cinema: Directors -- Louis Lumière
		Louis and Auguste Lumière ran their father Antoine's photographic business in Lyons.
		Louis was the brilliant inventor of the Cinematograph (meaning "writing in movment", later shortened to "cinema").
		He built on previous inventions such as Edison's Kinetoscope, but with the key addition of a mechanism allowing the intermittent motion of the film in the camera, based on the sewing machine.
	www.geocities.com /Paris/Metro/9384/directors/lumiere.htm (241 words)

	Encyclopedia: Auguste and Louis Lumiere (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		People who viewed "Auguste and Louis Lumiere" also viewed:
		The Lumi re Brothers, Louis Jean (October 5, 1864–June 6, 1948) and Auguste Marie Louis Nicholas (October 19, 1862–April 10, 1954), were the creators of the cinematographic projector.
		They were both born in Twin valley Besan on, France but brought up in Lyon.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Auguste-and-Louis-Lumiere (383 words)

	The Lumiere Brothers Biography / Biography of The Lumiere Brothers Main Biography
		The French inventing team of brothers Auguste Lumière (1862-1954) and Louis Lumière (1864-1948) was responsible for a number of practical improvements in photography and motion pictures.
		They also applied their technological talents to the new idea of motion picture photography, creating the first projection system that allowed a film to be seen by more than one person at a time.
		Auguste and Louis Lumière were pioneers in the improvement of photographic materials and processes in the late 1800s and early 1900s.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-the-lumiere-brothers (219 words)

	Images - The Lumiere Brothers' First Films
		Antoine Lumière (the father of Auguste and Louis) considered the potential of motion pictures when he watched a demonstration of Edison's Kinetoscope in Paris.
		Louis Lumière was an experienced photographer and he brought a fine sense of composition to his work with the motion picture camera.
		In later years, he claimed that the films were made to simply "reproduce life." And many critics have pointed to these films as part of a realistic tradition--in contrast to the fantastic works of Georges Melies.
	www.imagesjournal.com /issue04/reviews/lumiere.htm (1000 words)

	First Public Film Show In London (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Brothers Auguste and Louis Lumiere demonstrated their cinematograph, the first successful machine that could show moving photographs to an audience, which they had invented the previous year.
		As the world centre for lantern slide technology, the Polytechnic was the natural choice for the première of moving pictures to a paying British public by the Lumière Brothers in 1896.
		Louis Lumière revisited The Polytechnic in 1936 to celebrate the 40th anniversary of his first screening.
	www.talkingpix.co.uk /ArticleFilmHistoryLondon.html (408 words)

	photography and publishing : color photography -- autochrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The high-top shoes the children wear are an indicator that it is a 1910s image and not a post-war image.
		The Autochrome process was invented by the Auguste and Louis Lumière in 1904 and was the world’s first practical color process.
		Russ tells us that, "According to my references, Autochrome plates were discontinued in 1932, although a film-based version (Lumiere Filmcolor) was introduced at about the same time and was evidently still in use in France as late as 1942.
	histclo.hispeed.com /photo/photo/photo-colphac.html (744 words)

	Zhang Yimou in Lumiere et Compagnie: 52 seconds x 9 readings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Zhang Yimou was one of the 40 directors who agreed to contribute to Lumière et Compagnie.
		This film is a tribute to Auguste and Louis Lumière, two of the pioneers of cinema, on the 100th anniversary of their invention.
		At "si shi si" [44], someone shouts "zou!" [go!], and the actors turn and run away from the camera, along the wall, waving their arms in the air, and disappear over a hill at 50 seconds, when the film ends.
	www.chinesecinemas.org /lumierepics.html (410 words)

	The Lumiere Brothers' First Films on DVD - MovieWeb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This restored collection of the works of cinema pioneers Auguste and Louis Lumiere is a must-see for film historians and fans of movies in general.
		It wasn’t until they premiered their footage in December of that same year that the art of cinema was truly born.
		Providing even greater historical insight into the images is the narration by director Bertrand Tavernier, who describes the influence of the Lumiere Brothers' aesthetic on world cinema.
	movieweb.com /dvd/dvd.php?738329010621 (234 words)

	Captured in colour: Elusive colour (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The first truly successful experiment in colour photography was in 1861, when physicist James Clerk Maxwell projected a colour image of a now famous tartan ribbon for the Royal Society in London.
		Maxwell’s work was developed by others, including Louis Du Hauron, who patented many ideas that were to form the basis of most future colour developments.
		It was the invention of the “autochrome”, by French brothers Auguste and Louis Lumière, that would eventually sweep all other methods of the day into obscurity.
	www.awm.gov.au /captured/colour/index.asp (242 words)

	A History of Photography, by Robert Leggat: LUMIERE, Louis and Auguste (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A History of Photography, by Robert Leggat: LUMIERE, Louis and Auguste
		The Lumière brothers made a distinctive contribution to photography in various areas.
		Louis received the Progress Medal of the Royal Photographic Society in 1909.
	www.rleggat.com /photohistory/history/lumiere.htm (79 words)

	The Lumiere Brothers' First Films (1895)
		DVD compiles 85 50-second documentary shorts made between 1895 and 1897 by French film pioneers Auguste and Louis Lumiere.
		DVD offers a look at the work and life of Lumieres' contemporary.
		Modern filmmakers use the Lumieres' camera in homage to the silent era.
	www.reel.com /movie.asp?MID=116008 (94 words)

	The 'Cinématographe Lumière' a myth?
		Usually the first public filmshow by the brothers Auguste and Louis Lumière on 28 December 1895 in the Grand Café on the Boulevard des Capucines in Paris is considered the date of birth of the cinema.
		In august 1895 the British inventor Birt Acres gave public film performances in Barnet, North of (now in) London.
		The French reporter Léo Sauvage, who was for years manager of the foreign department of the French daily Le Figaro in New York, wrote a grim book L'affaire Lumière, in which he unravels one of the biggest publicity stunts in film history.
	www.xs4all.nl /~wichm/myth.html (2616 words)

	100 years of cinema exhibition in Europe - France
		A company founded by Louis Gaumont in April 1895, with an important venture capital of FF 200 000.-, was the first to recognise the commercial potential of film production.
		The main objective of this Syndicat Français des Directeurs de Cinématographe (French Syndicate of Cinema Owners), of which Louis Lumière was president of honour, was to improve commercial conditions of access to films by exhibitors.
		Fu la società fondata da Louis Gaumont nell'aprile 1895, con un importante capitale sociale di 200 000 franchi, a riconoscere, per prima, il potenziale commerciale della produzione cinematografica.
	www.mediasalles.it /ybkcent/ybk95_f.htm (7730 words)

	Projecting Moving Images (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		By 1895, inventors in Europe and the United States had designed several projectors that enlarged film images for viewing by large groups: the Cinematographe, invented in France by Auguste and Louis Lumiere; the Phantoscope of Charles Francis Jenkins and Thomas Armat, of Washington, DC; and the Woodville Latham family's Eidoloscope.
		Closed and open views of the "Cinematographe camera/projector designed by Auguste and Louis Lumiere.
		It was first privately demonstrated in March 1895, and the public premiere was December 28, 1895.
	photo2.si.edu /cinema/projecting.html (274 words)

	Adventures in CyberSound: Friese-Greene, William
		To cover his debts, Friese-Greene sold the rights to his patent for 500 pounds though the first renewal fee was never paid and the patent lapsed in 1894.
		However as quoted from the publication, Louis and Auguste Lumiere projected images to a paying audience in a Paris Cafe on December 28th 1885.
		Their mechanisms included a claw movement which drove the film through a projector gate where it stopped momentarily showing moving images on the screen.
	www.acmi.net.au /AIC/GREENE_BIO.html (2421 words)

	EVE (Everyone's Virtual Exhibition) - Record Summary: Auguste and Louis Lumiere as boys playing chess (photograph, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		EVE (Everyone's Virtual Exhibition) - Record Summary: Auguste and Louis Lumiere as boys playing chess (photograph, miscellaneous)
		Auguste and Louis Lumiere as boys playing chess
		They do not in any way represent the views of the Bill Douglas Centre or of the University of Exeter.
	billdouglas.ex.ac.uk /eve/results.asp?item=61713 (111 words)

	AllRefer.com - Louis Jean LumiEre (Film, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Louis Jean LumiEre[lwE zhAN lUmyer´] Pronunciation Key, 1864–1948, and Auguste LumiEre[OgUst´] Pronunciation Key, 1862–1954, French inventors, brothers.
		They invented the CinEmatographe, which was patented and demonstrated in 1895.
		More articles from AllRefer Reference on Louis Jean Lumiere
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/L/Lumiere.html (183 words)

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