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Topic: Australian Lungfish

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Queensland Lungfish

	Australian Lungfish
		Lungfish show considerable reluctance to seek out new spawning grounds and if one that has been used in the past becomes unsuitable due to exposure caused by river regulation (for example), the fish simply re-absorb the eggs and milt and return again the following year.
		Lungfish are easily identified by their long heavy body, large heavy overlapping scales, small eyes and sturdy pectoral and pelvic fins resembling flippers.
		Lungfish eggs stuck to aquatic vegetation have been collected after spawning and each egg is surrounded by a gelatenous coating similar to that of a frog.
	www.nativefish.asn.au /lungfish.html (1004 words)

	Lungfish - MSN Encarta
		The name lungfish is derived from the specialized lung that is the fishes' primary organ for respiration.
		Lungfishes are brown and mottled in color and have eel-like bodies, usually from 61 cm to 1 m (24 in to 4 ft) in length, although some species are 2 m (6 ft) long.
		The Australian lungfish is classified as Neoceratodus forsteri, and the South American lungfish as Lepidosiren paradoxa.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761566000/Lungfish.html (286 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Lungfish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Lungfish are best-known for retaining characteristics primitive within the Osteichthyes, including the ability to breathe air, and structures primitive within Sarcopterygii, including the presence of lobed fins with a well-developed internal skeleton.
		Changes in physiology allow the lungfish to slow its metabolism to greater than 1/60th of the normal metabolic rate, and protein waste is converted from ammonia to less-toxic urea (normally, lungfish excrete nitrogenous waste as ammonia directly into the water).
		While Devonian lungfish retain enough ossification of the endocranium to determine relationships, post-Devonian lungfish are represented entirely by skull roofs and teeth, as the rest of the skull is cartilaginous.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Lungfish (2380 words)

	Lungfish - MSN Encarta
		The name lungfish is derived from the specialized lung that is the fishes' primary organ for respiration.
		Lungfishes are brown and mottled in color and have eel-like bodies, usually from 61 cm to 1 m (24 in to 4 ft) in length, although some species are 2 m (6 ft) long.
		The Australian lungfish is classified as Neoceratodus forsteri, and the South American lungfish as Lepidosiren paradoxa.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761566000/Lungfish.html (264 words)

	Australian Lungfish (Neoceratodus forsteri)
		The Australian Lungfish is restricted to south-eastern Queensland, with its natural distribution being the Mary, Burnett and possibly Brisbane and North Pine Rivers.
		The Australian Lungfish is also listed on Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) and strict conditions apply to its export under the EPBC Act.
		Listing of the Australian Lungfish as a nationally threatened species under the EPBC Act means that any action that is likely to have a significant impact on the species will need to be referred to the Commonwealth Environment Minister for a decision as to whether assessment and approval is required.
	www.environment.gov.au /biodiversity/threatened/publications/lungfish.html (987 words)

	Australian Lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri
		'Granddad', the octogenarian Australian Lungfish at the Shedd Aquarium.
		The eyesight of the Australian Lungfish has been reported to be poor and the location of prey was thought to be based on the sense of smell rather than sight.
		The African lungfish Protopterus annectens is known for its ability to bury in the mud.
	www.amonline.net.au /fishes/fishfacts/fish/nforsteri.htm (769 words)

	Burke's Backyard Archives 1998 - Lungfish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The lungfish occupies a unique place in evolution, some experts believing it to be a link between the fishes and the land animals.
		Now the Australian lungfish is endangered with the natural habitat limited to the Mary and Burnett Rivers between Nambour and Bundaberg in south-east Queensland.
		While other lungfish have two lungs the Australian lungfish has only one and is considered the most primitive of the surviving species.
	www.burkesbackyard.com.au /1998/archives/26?p=2673 (519 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Lungfish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Like the lobefins, the lungfishes are ancestrally related to the four-footed land animals.
		Ceratodidae (Australian lungfish; subclass Dipneusti, order Ceratodiformes) A monospecific family comprising the Australian lungfish which has a fairly compressed body, with flipper-like pectoral and pelvic fins, and large scales.
		Lungfish on the shore; space will still be there.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Lungfish (466 words)

	Mesozoic Fishes Homepage
		The environment of the Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri, is under threat.
		Three major lungfish habitats in south east Queensland, in the Brisbane, Mary and Burnett Rivers, have already been altered by the construction of weirs and dams, and more water impoundments are planned in the near future.
		Conservation agencies in Queensland are appealing to scientists who have an interest in the Australian lungfish to support their application for protection of the habitat and the species.
	www2.biology.ualberta.ca /wilson.hp/mesofish/australianlungfish.html (494 words)

	A Very Special Fish — Australian Lungfish under Threat Petition
		Of all living fish groups, the lungfish are the closest relatives of the land vertebrates – the amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, including ourselves.
		Lungfish were abundant 400 million years ago, during the Devonian (the “Age of Fish”) but have now dwindled to only three kinds, respectively living in South America, Africa and Australia.
		Dams thus pose a mortal threat to the long-term survival of the lungfish populations.
	www.thepetitionsite.com /takeaction/610807318 (1062 words)

	True enamel covering in teeth of the Australian lungfish Neoceratodus forsteri.
		Lungfish are a unique order of sarcopterygian fish cleidographically positioned between tetrapods and fish.
		In the current study we investigated the enamel layer of lungfish teeth in order to determine whether there was evidence for higher vertebrate "true" enamel in the Australian lungfish.
		Juvenile lungfish from the Brisbane River were processed for light and electron microscopy and analyzed for parameters indicative of true enamel formation.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_10654067.html (213 words)

	Untitled Document
		Lungfish are unusual in that they do not take oxygen from water as other fish do, instead they breathe air.
		A lungfish that is aestivating will stay in its cocoon for 3-4 months of dry season.
		During this period of aestivation, a lungfish's metabolism is reduced and its oxygen consumption falls.
	www.colszoo.org /animalareas/shores/aflung.html (270 words)

	::::+:::: Lungfish in aquarium ::::+::::
		Lungfish can survive in poorly aerated waters since they have lungs which make its possible for them to obtain oxygen directly from the air.
		Lungfish have been around since the Lower Devonian era and during earlier stages of the planets history there existed much more than six lungfish species.
		The Australian Lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri, can also be kept in aquariums but you should be aware of the fact that they are CITES listed.
	www.theanimalsonline.com /lungfish_in_aquarium.php (775 words)

	Australian lungfish - Encyclopedia.com
		The Lungfish, brought to the aquarium in 1933, is the oldest acquatic animal in a public aquarium in the world, say Sh
		Fresh vision of life on earth from lungfish, the living fossil.
		Scientific reaction to evidence for the yahoo or 'Australian Ape', 1882-1912.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1O8-Australianlungfish.html (196 words)

	Australian Lungfish (Neoceratodus forsteri): Fact Sheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Australian Lungfish is a long, heavy bodied freshwater fish with five pairs of gills and fins which resemble flippers.
		They are called lungfish from their ability to breath air via a ‘lung’.
		Because of the long life span of the lungfish (with some research suggesting that the fish may live up to 100 years), the lack of breeding success may not become evident in the adult population for many years.
	www.animals-online.be /fishes/australian_lungfish.html (187 words)

	Introduction
		The reason that the lungfish is such an interesting fish is because all six species are known to breathe air.
		Another of the very interesting characteristics of the lungfish in the Lepidosirenidae family is their ability to survive in little or no water.
		The African lungfishes also dig out holes in the mud but cover themselves completely with a secretion that is given off by their bodies.
	www.angelfire.com /psy/lungfish/introduction.htm (716 words)

	A strategy for the conservation of the Australian lungfish Neoceratodus forsteri
		Lungfish spawn in response to increasing photoperiod in spring, and deposit eggs close to any suitable submerged aquatic plant, even on introduced plants, or objects such as beer cans.
		Lungfish are comfortable with artificial spawning sites, and this may reduce the dependence of the young on natural aquatic plants.
		The chances of survival of lungfish and other aquatic animals in natural environments in south east Queensland will improve if the rates of water release from Somerset Dam and Wivenhoe Reservoir are reduced in spring and early summer.
	www.apscience.org.au /projects/APSF_99_2/apsf_99_2.htm (836 words)

	What are lungfish?
		The reason that the lungfish is such an interesting fish is because all six species are known to breathe air.
		Another of the very interesting characteristics of the lungfish in the Lepidosirenidae family is their ability to survive in little or no water.
		The African lungfishes also dig out holes in the mud but cover themselves completely with a secretion that is given off by their bodies.
	mama.essortment.com /lungfish_rank.htm (728 words)

	Australian Lungfish (Neoceratodus forsteri)
		The Australian Lungfish is a long, heavy bodied freshwater fish with five pairs of gills and fins which resemble flippers.
		The Australian Lungfish is the sole Australian survivor of a family of fishes that have been around since the dinosaurs.
		A copy of the criteria used to list the Australian Lungfish under the EPBC Act as well as the listing advice can also be obtained from the Department of the Environment and Heritage's website at http://www.ea.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/nominations/index.html.
	www.deh.gov.au /biodiversity/threatened/publications/lungfish.html (987 words)

	Bivalvia:Fossil Groups: SciComms 03-04: Earth Sciences
		The Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri, is similar to the extinct Mesozoic lungfish.
		African lungfish are common in areas that flood in the rainy season but become extremely dry in the dry season.
		The metabolism of the lungfish does not stop during the estivation period but it slows down and muscle proteins are the only source of energy.
	palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk /Palaeofiles/Fossilgroups/Sarcopterygii/Lungfish/index9.html (640 words)

	Australian Museum Collections - Ichthyology - Australian Lungfish
		Australian Museum specimen of the Queesland Lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri.
		The Queensland Lungfish is found in river systems in south-eastern Queensland, normally occurring in still or slow flowing pools.
		During the 1800s the Queensland Lungfish was well known and eaten as the 'Burnett Salmon' because of its pink flesh.
	www.amonline.net.au /collections/ichthyology/lungfish.htm (303 words)

	Slender African Lungfish: WhoZoo
		Lungfish are rarely imported and they may be considered illegal in some states.
		The African lungfish digs itself into a mud hole and curls up in a chamber that is lined with mucus and breaths out of the mouth.
		The African lungfish resides in the aquarium with smaller fish and is not too active.
	www.whozoo.org /Anlife99/lashawn/africanlungfishindex4.htm (455 words)

	Lungfish - The fish time forgot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The lungs found in lungfish are very similar to the lungs found in primitive reptiles.
		Lungfish has been present since the Lower Devonian area which means that they have been around for more than 100 million years.
		South American lungfish survives low water levels by digging a hole in the bottom mud where they build a nest.
	indianabuy.com /LungfishThefishtimeforgot.html (448 words)

	Untitled Document
		Habitat and Range: The Australian lungfish is found in southeastern Queensland, Australia in three river catchments.
		For over 100 million years the Australian lungfish has remained virtually unchanged and is considered one of the oldest among living vertebrate genera.
		The Australian lungfish does not aestivate (become dormant) during droughts like the South American and African lungfishes.
	www.colszoo.org /animalareas/shores/lungfish.html (153 words)

	AUSTRALIAN SEALIFE, ANEMONEFISH, ARCHERFISH, AUSTRALIAN FUR SEAL, AUSTRALIAN SEA LION, BARRAMUNDI, BLUE SPOTTED RAY, ...
		Australian Fur Seals live along the southern coastline of Australia, and due to the fact that they have ears belong to the Otariidae family.
		Australian Sea Lions are only found along the Southern and south western coastline of Australia.
		Lungfish are classed as living fossils, and so are a protected species.
	www.australianexplorer.com /australian_sealife.htm (3142 words)

	Australian Shepherd - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Australian Shepherd, breed of dog from the pastoral group.
		Australian Cattle Dog, breed of dog from the pastoral group.
		It is a working dog, developed in Australia in the 19th century for herding purposes,...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Australian_Shepherd.html (120 words)

	Introduction to the Dipnoi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Dipnoi are a group of sarcopterygiian fish, are are commonly known as the lungfish.
		Fossilized lungfish burrows of Gnathorhiza have been found in rocks as old as the Permian, with the lungfish still inside, and older (empty) burrows are known from the Carboniferous and Devonian.
		Lungfish are believed to be the closest living relatives of the tetrapods, and share a number of important characteristics with them.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /vertebrates/sarco/dipnoi.html (439 words)

	Catalyst: Lungfish - ABC TV Science
		Lungfish require shallow, vegetated and quiet pools in which to spawn and feed in.
		Professor Jean Joss: Lungfish have been around here for much longer than the dams have, and although the lungfish are a very long lived fish from what we can tell, they’re not going to live long enough to adjust to a dam.
		Our lungfish is the only fish that is alive today that can give us a window into the past of how fish evolved from being in the water to getting onto the land as land vertebrates and the answers are with this fish and we’re only just scratching the surface at the moment.
	www.abc.net.au /catalyst/stories/s1620397.htm (1142 words)

	You Could Call This Fish An Aqualung! It's The Lungfish! :: AquaFriend.Com! :: The Freshwater Fish Hobbyist's Friend! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The African lungfish are natives of the Nile, Congo and Zaire rivers.
		The lungfish awakens from its dormant stage and it ruptures its cocoon.
		Although breeding the lungfish in the home aquarium is almost unheard of, there are a few facts known about the fish's breeding in the wild.
	www.aquafriend.com /modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=69 (1766 words)

	Cleveland Metroparks Zoo - Searchable Animal Database
		While the African lungfish can live for up to 4 years out of water, the Australian variety can exist for only a short time in atmospheric air.The gills are normally used for respiration, but atmospheric air can be breathed in adverse conditions.
		Lungfish are carnivores, and when fully grown will eat frogs and small fish.
		The Australian lungfish does not estivate in a mud tube or chamber like other lungfishes.
	www.clemetzoo.com /animal_plant/info/index.asp?action=details&camefrom=alpha&animals_id=1131&strQuery=&intNext= (205 words)

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