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Topic: Australian languages

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	Australian Aboriginal languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Too little is known of their languages to be able to classify them, although they seem to have had some phonological similarities with languages of the mainland.
		These languages share the phonology and grammar of the standard language, but the lexicon is different and usually very restricted.
		Most Australian languages are commonly held to belong to the Pama-Nyungan family, a family by no means unproblematic but still accepted by most linguists (with RMW Dixon as a noted exception).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_languages (483 words)

	AllRefer.com - Australian languages (Language And Linguistics) - Encyclopedia
		Australian languages, aboriginal languages spoken on the continent of Australia.
		The Australian languages do not appear to be related to any other linguistic family.
		The exact number of these languages and their dialects is not known, but has been estimated at about 200.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/A/Australlang.html (350 words)

	ATSIC Australian Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Sharing one language gave all the members of a tribe-nation a sense of community, in just the way that residents of Greece feel themselves to be one nation through all speaking Greek.
		But sometimes the language of one country is more-or-less understood by people from the next nation.
		Although two nations may say they speak different 'languages', they really speak what a linguist (a person who studies languages) would describe as distinct dialects of one language.
	www.atsic.gov.au /classroom/school_projects/australian_languages.asp (157 words)

	GeoNative - Australian aboriginal languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Aboriginal languages were traditionally spoken by relatively small groups, but each had its territory, culture and transmission assured.
		Dyirbal was a language shared by several groups of Northern Queensland, south of Cairns, in the rain forests of the area.
		Arabana-Wangkangurru: A grammar of the Arabana-Wangkangurru language, Lake Eyre Basin, South Australia.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/9479/guugu.html (821 words)

	Constructive Case: Evidence From Australian Languages
		Australian Aboriginal languages have many interesting grammatical characteristics that challenge some of the central assumptions of current linguistic theory.
		These languages exhibit many unusual morphosyntactic characteristics that have not yet been adequately incorporated into current linguistic theory.
		This volume focuses on the complex properties of case morphology in these nonconfigurational languages, including extensive case stacking and the use of case to mark tense/aspect/mood.
	csli-publications.stanford.edu /site/1575861348.html (104 words)

	Lingua Franca - 22/05/99: Australian English and Aboriginal languages with The Lonely Planet Australian Phrasebook
		Secondly, by giving prominence in chapter after chapter to the cultural setting of indigenous language use, it underlines the importance of knowing not just the forms and structures of a language, but the particular social rules that direct and constrain their use.
		Traditionally, languages belong to tracts of country (often having been put in their places by Dreamtime creator figures).' Indigenous Australians thus belong as much to a particular language variety as to a particular tract of land, an important and cogent point to be made in the post-Mabo, post-Wik climate in which Australians find themselves.
		Appropriate attention is paid to Australian drinking terms, the 'middy', 'pot', and 'schooner'; the 'Darwin stubby' and the 'dead marine'; the 'shout', the 'tinnie', the 'leg opener', and 'drinking with the flies'.
	www.abc.net.au /rn/arts/ling/stories/s28621.htm (1799 words)

	FATSIL: Australian languages
		The languages of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are recognised as the cornerstone of indigenous cultural heritage, but suffer under pressures felt by many other threatened linguistic groups around the world.
		Recognition of languages is helping to retain and restore pride in an ancient culture, and boost determination to preserve what can be saved for the enrichment of future generations.
		Today, community based language projects are undertaken in a number of forms, and continue to develop in size and scope as the momentum for language revival grows.
	www.fatsil.org /lgs.htm (477 words)

	Australian languages on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Australian music star Kylie Minogue arrives for a private concert as part of the promotion of her new album, "Body Language," at Avalon club in New York on February 13, 2004.
		Jamie Gleicher arrives at the Avalon club to attend Australian music star Kylie Minogue's private concert, part of the promotion of her new album, "Body Language," in New York, on February 13, 2004.
		Missy Pyle arrives at the Avalon club to attend Australian music star Kylie Minogue's private concert, as part of the promotion of her new album, "Body Language," in New York, on February 13, 2004.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/a/australlang.asp (1033 words)

	Ethnologue report for Australia
		Of those, 231 are living languages, 3 are second language without mother-tongue speakers, and 39 are extinct.
		Classification: Australian, Pama-Nyungan, Paman, Northern Pama Nearly extinct.
		Classification: Australian, Pama-Nyungan, Paman, Norman Pama Nearly extinct.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_country.asp?name=Australia (3626 words)

	Directory - Science: Social Sciences: Linguistics: Languages: Natural: Australian
		This is the subcategory for languages native to Australia and the Torres Straits Islands.
		Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island Studies · cached · Computer-based materials about Australian Indigenous languages including dictionaries, grammars and teaching materials for about 300 languages.
		Australian Aboriginal Language Material · cached · Language materials from the Flint papers including information on symbols, abbreviations, phonemes, orthographic conventions, recording practice,s and bibliography.
	www.incywincy.com /default?p=708647 (865 words)

	Australian languages - A (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Set of links to indigenous Australian language resources such as dictionaries, and workshops, together with information about their origin, use and salience, regions where employed, and associated culture.
		An index of language material comprising information about Awabakal, Yindjibarndi, and Kamilaroi or Gamilaraay, as it is sometimes known.
		Words specific to Australian language and culture are defined in a glossary for each story.
	www.electronicsee.com /Resources/Australian_languages.htm (150 words)

	Manikay.Com - Australian Aboriginal Languages
		Australians are particularly ignorant of their indigenous languages and there are relatively very few non-Aboriginal speakers of Aboriginal languages.
		Knowing a language can be particularly useful, in fact, probably essential, when working in the fields of ethnobotany and ethnoecology.
		Stress (accent) for most Australian languages is usually on the first syllable.
	www.manikay.com /didjeridu/langu.shtml (671 words)

	Indigenous Languages Directory
		Language Courses: Short courses in Central Australian Aboriginal languages are run throughout the year for the general public.
		Yaitya Warra Wodli Language Centre Incorporated in partnership with the State Education Department through the National L.O.T.E. program is actively involved in the development of Aboriginal language classes in the secondary education system.
		The Noongar Language and Culture Centre is governed by a regional management committee which are residents of the regions whish constitutes the boundaries of the Noongar Region.
	www.fatsil.org /links/nild.htm (3130 words)

	Mirago : Science: Social Sciences: Language and Linguistics: Natural Languages: Australian
		Australian Aboriginal Language Material - Language materials from the Flint papers including information on symbols, abbreviations, phonemes, orthographic conventions, recording practices and bibliography.
		Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island Studies - Computer-based materials about Australian Indigenous languages including dictionaries, grammars and teaching materials for about 300 languages.
		Nhirrpi Language Data - A sketch grammar of Nhirrpi with bidirectional wordlists and sample sentences.
	www.miragorobot.com /scripts/dir.aspx?cat=Top/Science/Social_Sciences/Language_and_Linguistics/Natural_Languages/Australian (687 words)

	StraightSail: Australian Aboriginal Languages
		Group of approximately 260 interrelated languages whose speakers once occupied the entire Australian continent as well as the western islands of Torres Strait, but apparently not Tasmania.
		Virtually all are believed to have originated from a single proto-Australian language.
		These languages are not known to be related to any outside language.
	straightsail.blogspot.com /2005/02/australian-aboriginal-languages.html (63 words)

	Auslan - Australian Sign Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Sign language has been in existence in some form for thousands of years, and is referred to in ancient Greek writings.
		Although the word 'Auslan' is relatively new, the language itself is not new, and has its roots in the still older British Sign Language through the migration and settlement of Deaf Britons in Australia.
		The South Australian Deaf Society Web site has an excellent page "What is Deafness?" which explores further the difference between the cultural and medical meanings of the word "deaf".
	www.wadeaf.org.au /auslan.shtml (1085 words)

	AIATSIS - Indigenous Languages and Interactive Technology at AIATSIS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The arrival of the Internet provides even more opportunities for the exchange of information about languages, for using languages to communicate across networks, and for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander organisations to take control over the representations and use of their own languages.
		Of the languages that remain, less than 20 are strong - the others are all endangered, with few speakers.
		All Indigenous language teaching programs suffer from a shortage of resources, and these services may help in a small way to increase the local stock of teaching resources.
	www.aiatsis.gov.au /rsrch/rsrch_pp/ilit_aiatsis.htm (403 words)

	Questionnaire on Motion in Australian Languages (modified)
		The purpose of this questionnaire is to gain a first comparative picture of the lexical resources Australian languages draw on for the expression of motion, and the manner in which motion descriptions are "packaged".
		Talmy (1985) observed that, in motion descriptions, a language like English differs typologically from a language like Spanish, by virtue of the fact that Spanish tends to conflate 'motion' and 'path' together in the verb root, while English tends to code path in a separate (adverbial/prepositional) element which functions as a satellite to the verb.
		He judges patterns of expression to be characteristic for a language if they are (i) colloquial in style (rather than formal or stilted), (ii) frequent; and (iii) pervasive (rather than limited) in application.
	coral.lili.uni-bielefeld.de /Courses/Summer02/HowToMakeADictionary/questionnaire_short.html (2362 words)

	Tenser, said the Tensor: Languages Without Sibilants
		Over at a tear in the fabric of spacetime, Rachel mentions reading the claim that all languages have a sibilant consonant, and realizing that this isn't true―Bardi is a counterexample.
		I was pleased to learn, via a thread at Tenser, said the Tensor, that a lack of fricatives or affricates is "virtually universal for all Australian languages, of all families." Furthermore, the phenomenon is almost entirely limited to Australia and...
		Tenser, said the Tensor is the blog of a graduate student in linguistics.
	tenser.typepad.com /tenser_said_the_tensor/2004/04/languages_witho.html (343 words)

	The U of MT -- Mansfield Library LangFing Australian & Papuan
		You have reached the page for Australian and Papuan languages, which is just one part of the "Language Finger" homepage, which is an index by language to the holdings of the Mansfield Library of The University of Montana.
		People in Australia refer to the native peoples of Australia as "Aborigines," and to their languages as "Aboriginal languages." Australian English, sometimes called simply "Australian," should not be confused with the languages belonging to the Australian family of languages.
		The languages comprising the Papuan family are found in New Guinea and on the adjacent islands.
	www.lib.umt.edu /guide/lang/austpaph.htm (649 words)

	Australian Indigenous languages
		Topics to be discussed: Language acquisition; multilingualism; code-switching; language variation: social and regional; language standardisation and non-standard dialects; language change; conversational style; language as a marker of social identity; language change; pidgins, creoles and Aboriginal English; sign languages; written languages; literacy; language in education; language and culture; language and the law.
		Research is conducted at Yaruman and Balgo where children speak an Aboriginal language as their mother tongue and are attending a school where both the Aboriginal language and English are taught.
		It addresses the large variety of Aboriginal languages in Western Australia and acknowledges the desire of Aboriginal people for the languages of their heritage to be taught in primary schools.
	coombs.anu.edu.au /WWWVLPages/AborigPages/LANG/LangHome.html (1979 words)

	The Role of Schools in the Maintenance and Revival of Indigenous Australian Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The importance of language maintenance or revival for Indigenous Australians is related firstly to their strong link between language and identity, and secondly to the negative effect Western schooling can have on Indigenous identity, language and culture.
		School can have a major impact on the attitude of minority groups to themselves and their language, and to the majority group and its language; and on the attitude of the majority group to itself and its language, and to minority groups and their languages.
		Schools can support Indigenous Australian language maintenance or revival by acknowledging and celebrating the languages (if they still exist) and culture of their Indigenous students; by non-Indigenous people becoming aware of overt and covert racism within themselves and the school institution; and by listening to what Indigenous people want and helping them to achieve it.
	www.ntu.edu.au /education/EAL/502/permezel.html (4783 words)

	Australian Linguistics Network
		A list of Australian Natural Language Processing Resources is maintained by the Microsoft Research Institute at Macquarie University.
		Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies including AIATSIS language resources.
		Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies A List of Electronic Data Files Held in ASEDA - the Aboriginal Studies Electronic Data Archive.
	www.sultry.arts.usyd.edu.au /links/au-ling.html (311 words)

	Australian Languages - Cambridge University Press
		Through examination of published and unpublished materials on each of the individual languages, Professor Dixon surveys the ways in which the languages vary typologically and presents a profile of this long-established linguistic area.
		The areal distribution of most features is illustrated with more than 30 maps, showing that the languages tend to move in cyclic fashion with respect to many of the parameters.
		There is also an index of languages and language groups.
	www.cambridge.org /catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521473780 (168 words)

	John Benjamins: Book details for Australian Languages [CILT 249]
		These studies, introduced by chapters on subgrouping methodology and the history of Australian linguistic classification, rigorously apply the comparative method to establishing subgroups among Australian languages and justifying the phonology of Proto-Pama-Nyungan.
		This volume critically assesses interrelationships between Australian languages in the light of the most recent descriptive data and a detailed understanding of the most recent developments in the comparative method.
		The result is a wonderfully detailed and convincing rebuttal of claims that Australian languages have been subject to different kinds of forces.
	www.benjamins.com /cgi-bin/t_bookview.cgi?bookid=CILT_249 (361 words)

	Australian Language -- Australian Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This "Australian Language" information is definitely "cutting edge." Whenever you want to come back to this fun "Australian Language" site just click here and you'll be blown away by what happens next.
		Food The Australian Language Whilst Australia prides itself in its multiculturism, with over 80 languages spoken, the predominant language spoken in Australia is basic English, but as with other...
		The first words from an Australian language were written down in 1770 by Captain Cook, from the Guugu-Yimidhirr people at the Endeavour River in North Queensland.
	www.helplanguage.com /australianlanguage (1931 words)

	Australian languages
		Australian Languages: Classification and the comparative method, edited by Claire Bowern and Harold Koch
		A Typology of the Nominal Dual: Evidence from Indo-European, Finno-Ugric, Semitic and Australian Languages.
		Language and Culture -- A Matter of Survival.
	www.anu.edu.au /linguistics/nash/aust (314 words)

	Nhawaa Yiyi Ngumbaarngay: Australian Aboriginal Languages
		Obviously this did not happen by accident; rather, Australian Aboriginals have made linguistic and cultural survival a priority, and Web presence is part of their strategy to see that it happens.
		The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies is a good place to start.
		Sound files reveal what the students’ Yindjibarndi language sounds like, while a stew recipe starts out “first, shoot a kangaroo.” Elsewhere, traditional bush foods and medicinal plants, complete with photos, are listed by their Yindjibarndi names.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/world_languages/21585 (638 words)

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