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Topic: Australian legislative elections

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	Australian legislative election, 2004 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Legislative elections were held in Australia on 9 October 2004.
		The election result was a triumph for Howard, who in December 2004 became Australia's second-longest serving Prime Minister, and who saw the election result as a vindication of his policies, particularly his decision to join in the 2003 invasion of Iraq.
		As in all Australian elections, the second-preference votes of minor parties were crucial in determining the outcome of this election, and the close of nominations was followed by a period of bargaining among the parties.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Australian_legislative_election,_2004 (3206 words)

	Australia - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Australian Capital Territory was separated from New South Wales in 1911, to provide a neutral place for the proposed new federal capital of Canberra (the initial capital having been Melbourne).
		With this act of parliament, Australian law was made unequivocally the law in the nation, and the High Court of Australia was confirmed as the single highest court of appeal.
		Elections for both chambers are held every three years, usually with only one half of the Senate being eligible for re-election, as the Senators have overlapping terms of six years each.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Australia (3237 words)

	Casino Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The government of Australia is a federation, and Australians elect state and territory legislatures as well as a bicameral Parliament of Australia.
		The Australian Labor Party (ALP) is a social democratic party founded by the trade unions and broadly represents the urban working class, although it has a base of middle class support as well.
		The proportional representation system allows these parties to win seats in the Australian Senate and in the state upper houses, but they have usually been unable to win seats in the House of Representatives (the Greens won a House seat at a 2002 by-election, but lost it in 2004).
	www.casinoencyclopedia.com /index.php?title=Politics_of_Australia (777 words)

	Australian legislative election, 2001 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Legislative elections were held in Australia on 10 November 2001.
		The conservative coalition of the Liberal Party, led by Prime Minister John Howard and the National Party of Australia led by John Anderson was elected to a third three-year term, defeating the Australian Labor Party led by Kim Beazley.
		The September 11 terrorist attacks and the MS Tampa were strong influences in the minds of voters at this election, focusing debate around the issues of asylum seekers and national security.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Australian_legislative_election,_2001 (279 words)

	Queen of Australia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In the United Kingdom the Church of England is a state church, and the Queen is its "Supreme Governor." Australia has no state church, and neither the Queen nor the Governor-General have any official connection with the Anglican Church of Australia.
		The Act of Settlement of 1701, originally an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, is the law outlining the line of succession for the Australian Crown.
		Some Australians feel this Act is in conflict with Australian law preventing discrimination on grounds of religion, but this issue has never been tested.
	www.lighthousepoint.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Queen_of_Australia (565 words)

	Australian House of Representatives - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Australian House of Representatives is one of the two houses (chambers) of the Parliament of Australia.
		According to the Australian Constitution, the powers of both houses are nearly equal, with the consent of both houses needed to pass legislation.
		In practice, by convention, the leader of the party (or coalition of parties) with a majority of members in the lower house is invited by the Governor-General to form the Government.
	www.hackettstown.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Australian_House_of_Representatives (521 words)

	Australian Labor Party - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Australian Labor Party or ALP is Australia's oldest political party.
		While Australians normally spell the word labour with an "-our" ending, in the name of the party it is spelt with an "-or" ending.
		In practice the party opposed all migration, on the grounds that immigrants competed with Australian workers and drove down wages, until after World War II, when the Chifley government launched a major immigration program.
	open-encyclopedia.com /ALP (898 words)

	Australian legislative election, 1996 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Legislative elections were held in Australia on 2 March 1996.
		All 148 seats in the House of Representatives and 40 seats in the 76-member Senate were up for election.
		The conservative coalition of the Liberal Party, led by Opposition Leader John Howard, and the National Party of Australia, led by Tim Fischer, defeated the incumbent Australian Labor Party government led by Paul Keating, ending 13 years of Labor government.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Australian_legislative_election,_1996 (214 words)

	India Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Bills appropriating money (supply bills) can only be introduced or modified in the lower house and thus only the party with a majority in the lower house can govern.
		In the rigid Australian party system, this ensures that virtually all contentious votes are along party lines, and the Government always has a majority in those votes.
		Australian legislative elections: 1993 - 1996 - 1998 - 2001 - 2004 - 2007
	www.indiaencyclopedia.com /index.php?title=Australian_House_of_Representatives (467 words)

	The History of IRV
		IRV, called "alternative vote" in Australia, came to be used in most Australian legislative elections, although it was superseded by Hare’s STV system of proportional representation for the federal Senate.
		After a series of primary elections in which alternate preference votes happened to play no role in determining the winner, this voting procedure was eclipsed in all four states.
		The election of the first ever African-American Democrat as mayor on the strength of second-choice votes transferred from the Human Rights Party candidate, prompted an effort by Republicans, the beneficiaries of split liberal votes with plurality rules, to eliminate the system.
	www.fairvote.org /irv/vt_lite/history.htm (854 words)

	Election Resources on the Internet: Federal Elections in Australia
		2004 general election statistics were compiled on the basis of complete results published by the Australian Electoral Commission (AEC), updated as of January 6, 2005.
		The remaining election statistics presented in this space come from official reports and data files issued by the AEC and the Parliament of Australia's Parliamentary Library.
		In a 1999 referendum, Australian voters rejected a proposed constitutional amendment to establish a Republic, with 6,410,787 votes (54.9%) against the proposal, and 5,273,024 (45.1%) in favor, on a 95.1% turnout.
	electionresources.org /au (525 words)

	Legislative Council Elections
		When established as part of the bicameral Parliament in 1856 the Legislative Council had 15 Members, one third of whom were to go to an election every three years.
		This was necessary because in part a series of deliberate resignations had muddled the election pattern and also because the Tasmanian Constitution does not allow the State Governor ever to dissolve the Legislative Council.
		A writ for a by-election must be issued by the State Governor within 40 days, although if only 4 months remain until the annual May election, the vacancy may be held over.
	www.parliament.tas.gov.au /tpl/backg/LCElections.htm (870 words)

	Australian Republican Movement - Elections
		An Australian Republic resulting from a successful Referendum is a great achievement, not some inevitable consequence of the current political climate.
		Too many Australians believe that the concept of a republic is beneficial, worthwhile, advantageous, but fail to see the necessity of constitutional change.
		In order to unify the Australian public; supporters of a Republic; and the two major political parties, we must first adequately represent each and every member of our organisation.
	republic.org.au /ARM-2001/election/ElectionsNSWYoungChristenten.htm?... (412 words)

	[No title]
		The failure of then-leader Janine Haines to win a House of Representatives seat led to a leadership change; her successor, Janet Powell, was too radical for many in the party and lacked electoral appeal.
		Stott Despoja worked hard to bring dissafected former Democrat voters back in the 2001 federal election, although she was not able to bring back enough voters to prevent the election of Greens Senator Kerry Nettle.
		Australian Greens picking up many of their voters, the Democrats are facing their greatest crisis to date.
	en-cyclopedia.com /wiki/Australian_Democrats (1142 words)

	Political lessons of the US and Australian elections
		Prior to the election, Howard was in trouble and trailing badly at the polls.
		In other words, in considering the US and Australian election results, we have to examine both the policies of the Democrats and Labor Party during the election campaign and the longer-term historical processes that have shaped the political consciousness and understanding of broad masses of the population.
		The elections in the US and Australia—and this is a reflection of an international process—have revealed that the political divisions are not between the major parties, but between the official political apparatus and the vast mass of the population.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2004/dec2004/nicb-d10.shtml (4928 words)

	Iraq Elections newswire: 01/16/2005 - 01/22/2005
		This is short for the phrase “ba’ad al-intikhabat” which means “after the elections.” Weddings are postponed until after the elections, as are business contracts, poetry recitals, the opening of new plays, the start of the football season, and, of course, the rebuilding of towns and villages wrecked by months of insurgency.
		The January 30 elections in Iraq are only the first step in an extended process of establishing an effective, functional state with a government that enjoys broad popular legitimacy, according to Phebe Marr, author of The Modern History of Iraq and senior fellow at the United States Institute for Peace.
		He is so eager to take part in the Jan. 30 election for an Iraqi national assembly that he has set up his own polling station after learning that Egypt, where he lives, is not one of the 14 countries designated for voting by expatriate Iraqis.
	iraqelectionwire.blogspot.com /2005_01_16_iraqelectionwire_archive.html (6718 words)

	The Poll Bludger - Australian State and Federal Elections
		Australian National University's Research School of Social Sciences has published the results of its meticulous surveys of 2000 voters conducted after each federal election since 1987, including the facility to easily cross-reference the various results.
		Australian National University academic Andrew Leigh tracks the standing of the parties on the betting markets, which he argues are superior to opinion polls at predicting election outcomes.
		Neatly, Green's study covers 40 by-elections before this point and 40 since, the number of one-sided contests skyrocketing from three in the earlier period to 25 in the latter.
	www.pollbludger.com (6302 words)

	PR Analyses of Parliamentary Elections
		All seats in both houses have been contested since 1961, as a matter of policy by the major parties, even though many have still been foregone conclusions for a single party, as the reason for the lack of contest for Upper House seats was not removed until proportional representation was introduced for its polls.
		The Legislative Assembly's 60 MLAs were elected from 37 districts whenever the Assembly was dissolved, or on its expiry after its five year maximum life.
		This by-election countback proved to be the only time in the history of the use of countback to date at which the candidate elected to fill a casual vacancy under this system was not a member of the same group or party as the vacating member (Click here to view outcomes of countbacks since 1965).
	home.vicnet.net.au /~prsa/elections/pr_el_an.htm (1046 words)

	Chapter 9: Comparative Perspectives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		When comparing electoral turnout in general elections (that is, national elections for the country's main legislative body and, where relevant, the country's principal head of state) among western democracies, one notes that the United States stands apart from the crowd.
		The average turnout rate (electoral turnout as a proportion of total eligible voters) for general elections in this set of countries during the period 1990–1997 was 73.4 percent across two general elections.
		In contrast, across the four general elections held in the United States between 1990 and 1997, the average turnout rate was 44.9 percent.
	www.wwnorton.com /wtp3e/ch9_comp_pers.htm (731 words)

	Bogey Musidlak outlines strategies to involve voters more actively in the election process - On Line Opinion - 15/3/2002
		The Australian Senate became a national laughing-stock because of its regularly lop-sided composition prior to 1949.
		At the Western Australian Legislative Council elections of 2001, One Nation supporters marking the party box in two non-metropolitan regions unwittingly handed the balance of power to the Greens, who were placed before the Liberals on those registered how-to-vote tickets.
		For instance, in the Australian Capital Territory's Hare-Clark system where the absence of party boxes has been entrenched, voters are encouraged to mark at least as many preferences as there are vacancies, but do not lose their vote if they fail to do so.
	www.onlineopinion.com.au /view.asp?article=1919 (1911 words)

	Codes of Conduct (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In the first place, a set of rules that govern the activities of the electoral administration in the broad sense, cannot be described as a code of conduct.
		Thus there are general codes of conduct, as is true for Australian electoral officers, and codes that refer to specific persons that intervene in a specific sector, such as the vote counters by computer in the elections in Colombia in 1994.
		Lastly, we are also excluding the implicit electoral codes of action that exist in all democratic systems--a prior compromise that the election results will be accepted and, on occasions, other agreements, such as not referring to certain questions during the electoral campaigns.
	www.aceproject.org /main/english/lf/lfb04.htm (841 words)

	ABC Elections. Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC)
		Antony Green provides his overview of the elections and profiles the three electorates going to the polls.
		At the 2002 Victorian election, Labor's landslide victory in the lower house also delivered Labor a majority in the state's upper house, the Legislative Council.
		Election Night results and statistics from the ABC's election computer system.
	www.abc.net.au /elections (307 words)

	Articles - National Action (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		National Action was an Australian political party that was said to be on the far-right of the political spectrum.
		It has no representatives in any Australian parliament, at either state or national level as its pseudo-revolutionary ideology dictated that it remain outside the "political system".
		They have also been accused of being a neo-nazi party as its "chairman" James Saleam Ph.D. was a member of the Australian Nazi party in the 1970's, though they claimed they were a "National Bolshevik" party largely determined by Saleam, who claimed it was led collectively.
	www.mainearth.com /articles/National_Action (504 words)

	OLA Citizen: stories: prog5
		One of the well known organisations for reform was the Australian Patriotic Association, founded in NSW in 1835.
		During the early ears of federation, Australian politicians concentrated on establishing the organs of commonwealth government, establishing defence forces and legislating for 'white Australia'.
		Aborigines entitled to vote in State elections and those served in the defence forces granted the right enrol and vote in federal elections.
	www.abc.net.au /ola/citizen/stories/trans/program5.htm (798 words)

	Australian House of Representatives electoral Divisions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Australian House of Representatives is elected from 150 single-member districts called Divisions.
		These maps show the Division boundaries as they existed at the 9 October 2004 House of Representatives election.
		For a description of how the House of Representatives is elected, see Australian electoral system.
	www.toshare.info /en/Australian_Electoral_Divisions.htm (188 words)

	The Poll Bludger - Western Australian Legislative Council Election 2005
		From the 16 separate elections held for five-member regions since 1989, the major parties have won all five seats on 10 occasions, one minor party member has been elected on four occasions, and two were elected on two occasions (in Agricultural and Mining and Pastoral regions at the 2001 election).
		In the eight separate elections for the two seven-member regions, no minor party or independent member was returned on three occasions, one was returned on three occasions and two were returned on two occasions.
		The election is all but certain to see the return of Chance and Donaldson along with Murray Criddle, the only remaining National Party member in the Legislative Council, all of whom entered parliament in 1993.
	www.pollbludger.com /walc2005.htm (4088 words)

	Western Australian elections
		It is part of the Australian Socialist Alliance partnership with Green Left Weekly and is geared toward SA members.
		However in the legislation passed by Labor and the Greens last October they give a little with one hand but then take much more with the other.
		Election campaigns are just one part of this process.Whether it was saving the Franklin River, winning equal pay for women or bringing in the eight hour day, history has shown that this is the way that progressive changes are made.
	www.socialist-alliance.org /page.php?page=377 (1341 words)

	Catherine Turcer testimony -- Ohio Citizen Action
		Voter education material from the Boards of Election will make voters feel more comfortable and they are more likely to ask for help and be engaged in the system.
		Boards of Election are required by current law to have ballots equal to 101% of registered voters.
		Once the Boards of Election are computerized, a statewide database of all registered voters in Ohio could be created.
	www.ohiocitizen.org /moneypolitics/pre2003/ct_testimony.html (998 words)

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