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Topic: Australopithecus

Related Topics

Australopithecine

Paranthropus

Human evolution

Australopithecus afarensis

Evolution of Homo sapiens

Australopithecus africanus

Hominid

Australopithecus anamensis

Paranthropus aethiopicus

Homo sapiens sapiens

Ardipithecus

Timeline of evolution

Homo habilis

Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Orrorin tugenensis

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	Australopithecus garhi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Australopithecus anamensis, 3.9 to 4.1 ma, from Kanapoi and Allia Bay, Lake Turkana district, northwestern Kenya.
		Australopithecus africanus, the earliest described species, from South Africa; it has long known from the sites of Taung, Sterkfontein and Makapansgat, and recently specimens have begun to be excavated at other sites in the Sterkfontein Valley (Drimolen and Gladysvale).
		The type specimen of Australopithecus garhi is a partial cranium; from nearby sites, and perhaps belonging to the same species or perhaps not, come several postcranial bones including a partial skeletons, a fragment of a second cranium, and two mandibles (one fairly complete).
	home.austarnet.com.au /stear/cg_australopithecus_garhi.htm (2032 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Fossils fill gap in human lineage
		Australopithecus is an important ancient genus of humanlike creatures, or hominids.
		Australopithecus anamensis had a significantly thicker layer of enamel on its teeth than Ardipithecus, suggesting the later hominid was adapting to eating a more abrasive diet of roots.
		Australopithecus afarensis was first recognised in the 1970s on the basis of the now famous "Lucy" skeleton from Hadar, Ethiopia, and footprints preserved in volcanic ash at Laetoli, Tanzania.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/science/nature/4900946.stm (681 words)

	Australopithecus - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Australopithecus, an extinct genus of the hominid family found in Africa between about 4 and 1 million years ago.
		Among their many shared anatomical traits were a fully erect posture and bipedal gait.
		The first remains of an Australopithecus recovered outside of E or S Africa, this surprisng find suggests hominid evolution took place over a much larger portion of Africa than many experts had originally believed.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-australo.html (839 words)

	Australopithecus
		Brain volumes of Australopithecus, the most primitive possible human ancestor identified, ranges from 435 to 650 cc (other say 413 to 530 cc), well within the gorilla and chimpanzee range.
		Australopithecus was a bipedal ape with a small brain (450 cubic centimeters) (Washburn, 1978), and had massive, thickly enamelled molar teeth adapted to a diet of tough plant material.
		Australopithecus ' articular ball of the hip joint exerts about half the pressure on the joint that a human's does, as it is closer to its centre of gravity
	www.ecotao.com /holism/hu_austral.htm (7660 words)

	[No title]
		Australopithecus were actually on the ark, but since then they have sinned by eating too many shrimp and were punished by extinction.
		Actually, there's evidence for a changing climate bringing grasslands to east Africa, and some have speculated that this may have been the ax that cleaved Homo from his fellow primates: Man adapted to walking upright on the open savanah (and was joined by baboons), while the chimps and others remained in the forest.
		I was speculating that Australopithecus might have existed while that process was going on, and they were adapted to walking between stands of trees but still found value in climbing up them when possible to avoid predation.
	arstechnica.com /journals/science.ars/2006/9/20/5359 (1546 words)

	Hominid fossils from Ethiopia link ape-men to more distant human ancestors
		The hominid Australopithecus has often been called an ape-man because, though short-statured, small-brained and big-toothed, it walked on two legs unlike the great apes.
		Since the first Australopithecus skull, the famous Taung child, was discovered in South Africa 82 years ago by Raymond Dart, fossils of this hominid have been found all over eastern Africa spanning a 3-million-year time period.
		"Australopithecus became a superior omnivore, able to eat tubers and roots with more fiber and grit, adapting it better to times of scarcity during periods of extended drought," he said.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-04/uoc--hff041106.php (960 words)

	ABC - Walking with Beasts - Australopithecus Detailed Evidence
		Australopithecus, whilst walking upright, lived on the edges of the savannah and spent quite a lot of its time in the trees.
		Because Australopithecus walked upright, their pelvis was more similar to humans and it seems more likely that Australopithecus females' genitalia were also adapted for mating face to face.
		Australopithecus males seem to have been much larger than the females, and they have larger canine teeth (although the canine teeth are much smaller than in some other primates), and this implies that they were living in groups, like their close cousins the modern apes and humans.
	www.abc.net.au /beasts/evidence/prog4/page2_2.htm (1267 words)

	The Genus Australopithecus
		The cranial capacity of the Australopithecus anamensis is unknown.
		Many scientists believe Australopithecus afarensis was still active in trees because the fingers and toe bones of the species were curved and longer than the ones of the modern human.
		Australopithecus africanus appeared to be apelike in having a protruding face and small brain, but had distinctly unapelike dentition, including small canines and large, flat molars.
	www.columbia.edu /itc/anthropology/v1007/2002projects/web/australopithecus/austro.html (989 words)

	Australopithecus
		All members of the genus Australopithecus are found in Africa.
		Australopithecus afarensis existed from 3.7 to 3.0 million years ago.
		It was discovered in 1974 by Don Johansen, and is named after the Afar tribe of Ethiopia, who live in the region where Lucy was discovered.
	www.jevan.com /whitney/e-tamarind/australopithecus.html (452 words)

	Darwinism Refuted.com
		Under the headline "Adieu Lucy"-Lucy being the most important fossil example of the species Australopithecus afarensis-the magazine reported that apes of the species Australopithecus would have to be removed from the human family tree.
		On top is the AL 444-2 Australopithecus afarensis skull, and on the bottom a skull of a modern chimpanzee.
		A new theory states that the genus Australopithecus is not the root of the human race The results arrived at by the only woman authorized to examine St W573 are different from the normal theories regarding mankind's ancestors: this destroys the hominid family tree.
	www.darwinismrefuted.com /origin_of_man_02.html (724 words)

	Australopithecus - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Australopithecus (vulgarmente, australopitecos) es un género de homininos fósiles con una amplia distribución geográfica en África durante el Plioceno.
		Australopithecus anamensis: son homínidos muy primitivos, que presentan molares más anchos y esmalte más espeso.
		Australopithecus garhi: tiene especiales características craneales y, sobre todo, faciales.
	es.wikipedia.org /wiki/Australopithecus (449 words)

	Australopithecus boisei (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The find vindicated Louis and Mary Leakey's work at Olduvai (which had been relatively fruitless over the previous 30 years), which led to renewed research interest in the area, added an important stage in a relatively sparse hominid lineage at the time, and also was important in focusing attention on multidisciplinary research.
		Australopithecus boisei is an important species both in the history of paleoanthropological research and in constructing the phylogeny of the hominid lines.
		Tobias, P.V. "Numerous apparently synapomorphic features in Australopithecus robustus, Australopithecus boisei, and Homo habilis: Support for the Skelton-McHenry-Drawhorn hypothesis." In Evolutionary History of the "Robust" Australopithecine, ed.
	www.archaeologyinfo.com /australopithecusboisei.htm (1073 words)

	Australopithecus boisei - Leakey ancestors
		Australopithecus boisei is one of three species included in the 'robust australopithecines' a group of early hominids distinguished by their enormous cheek teeth and very reduced incisors and canines.
		Notice that the word endings of the superfamily is always "oidea", of the family is "idae" and of the subfamily is "inae".
		Australopithecus boisei remains are often found with animals that live in relatively well vegetated wet habitats.
	www.inhandmuseum.com /LA/boisei/IHZframe.html (2299 words)

	Washingtonpost.com: Full Australopithecus Fossil Found in South Africa
		There had never been more than partial fossil evidence from any individual specimen of Australopithecus ("southern ape"), the bipedal hominid believed to be the immediate evolutionary predecessor of early Homo, the first humans.
		As a result, fundamental questions about Australopithecus have remained unanswered, including the size of the brain in relation to the size of the body, its likely diet, its mode of locomotion and anatomical particulars.
		Two of the most familiar species are Australopithecus afarensis (of which the Ethiopian specimen named "Lucy" is the prime example) and A.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/national/daily/dec98/safrica10.htm (1268 words)

	Turkana prehistory - Traditional Music & Cultures of Kenya
		Forgetting that rather simplistic image for a moment, the upshot of all this is that relatively intelligent, upright, tool-using ancestors of modern man lived in eastern Africa as early as 2.5 million or 3.6 million years ago, or almost twice the time span of previous estimates.
		Australopithecus anamensis (anam is the Turkana word for lake) is thus the earliest bipedal hominid yet found, and the discovery has only started to fuel more controversy about whether australopithecus could indeed have been our direct ancestor.
		The first remains of Australopithecus anamensis, incidentally, were discovered at Kanapoi in 1965, but were not properly classified as such until the 1990s discoveries.
	www.bluegecko.org /kenya/tribes/turkana/prehistory.htm (1616 words)

	Australopithecus anamensis
		Nine hominid dental, cranial and postcranial specimens from Kanapoi, Kenya, and 12 specimens from Allia Bay, Kenya, were described as a new species of Australopithecus in the August 17, 1995 issue of Nature.
		The relationship between Australopithecus afarensis and Ardipithecus ramidis, a potential ancestral species for all Hominidae, can now be assessed with more temporally intermediate evidence.
		Australopithecus anamensis fossils were initially discovered in 1965, when the distal end of a humerus (KNM-KP 271) was recovered at Kanapoi.
	www.jqjacobs.net /anthro/paleo/anamensis.html (415 words)

	Hominid Species
		Australopithecus, Homo) which is always capitalized, and a specific name (e.g.
		Australopithecus afarensis and africanus, and the other species above, are known as gracile australopithecines, because of their relatively lighter build, especially in the skull and teeth.
		Australopithecus aethiopicus, robustus and boisei are known as robust australopithecines, because their skulls in particular are more heavily built.
	www.talkorigins.org /faqs/homs/species.html (3114 words)

	Australopithecus afarensis (Lucy)
		Lucy's dentition is a cross between ape and human in that the overall shape is apelike while the canine tooth size resembles that of modern humans.
		The jaw also shows prognathism, a jutting forward of the lower facial features commonly found in the apes and other pre-human fossils although Lucy's jaw is not as pronounced as that of the ape.
		Australopithecus afarensis led to 2 further divergences, the robust australopithecines that died out, and the gracile line leading eventually to us (Johanson, White 1979) figures a & b.
	www.anthro4n6.net /lucy (2352 words)

	Australopithecus aethiopicus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In 1985, a cranium was found by Alan Walker at the west side of Lake Turkana in Northern Tanzania and was named Australopithecus aethiopicus.
		This cranium, known locally as the "fl skull", was surprising not only because of its great age but also because it contained an unexpected combination of anatomical characteristics.
		Although the face was distinctly like that of that most robust of robust australopithecines, Australopithecus boisei, the cranium — particularly the top and back — was not: it was similar to that of Australopithecus afarensis.
	us.geocities.com /palaeoanthropology/Aaethiopicus.html (184 words)

	Evolution Channel - Australopithecus Milestones
		There are several different branches on the Australopithecus tree that includes Australopithecus africanus, robustus, bosei, aethiopicus, afarensis, anamensis and ramidus.
		It is the best preserved skeleton of any erect walking human ever found which prompted a reevaluation of previous evidence for human origins.
		Though the Australopithecus afarensis lineage is considered an ascendant to Homo, the species did not have two half brains that would come millions of years later in another species of hominid.
	www.brainchannels.com /evolution/australopithecus.html (260 words)

	Australopithecus boisei Skulls and Bust
		Australopithecus boisei Skull - The first Australopithecus boisei specimen, originally named Zinjanthropus boisei, was discovered in 1959 by Mary Leaky at the Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania, Africa.
		The robust jaw with it's massive molars is a testament of the extreme grinding ability possessed by Australopithecus boisei.
		Australopithecus boisei Bust - Beginning with an actual cast of an Australopithecus boisei skull, this superb bust was clayed up, muscle for muscle, using modern primate anatomy as a guide.
	www.skullsunlimited.com /Australopithecus_boisei.htm (237 words)

	A. Africanus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Australopithecus africanus lived between 3 and 2.3 million years ago mostly in South Africa although remains have been found else where.
		Australopithecus africanus has a cranial capacity of between 435cc and 530cc, and the average cranial capacity of 450cc.
		When compared to Australopithecus afarensis, Australopithecus africanus is less prognathous with a more rounded jaw and larger back teeth and canines.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/biology/humanevolution/africanus.html (200 words)

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