
	Where results make sense

Topic: Austria legislative election, 1959

	Austria POLITICAL PARTIES
		In general elections that November, the Austrian People's Party (Österreichische Volkspartei—ÖVP), successor to the prewar Christian Socialists, emerged as the strongest party, with the reborn Socialist Party of Austria (Sozialistische Partei Österreichs—SPÖ) trailing slightly.
		In the elections of 24 April 1983, dominated by economic issues, the SPÖ; (with 47.8% of the vote) won 90 seats, down from 95 in 1979; the ÖVP (with 43.21%) 81; and the FPÖ (with 4.97%) 12.
		Following parliamentary elections on 23 November 1986, a new government was sworn in on 21 January 1987, with Vranitzky from the SPÖ; as chancellor and Alois Mock, FPÖ chairman, as vice-chancellor and prime minister.
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Europe/Austria-POLITICAL-PARTIES.html (831 words)

	Elections in Austria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Austria elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature.
		From 1945 to 1986 Austria had two strong parties and a third party that was electorally successful; since 1986, four parties (for a few years 5) are represented in parliament.
		The voting age is 18 for federal elections and for other elections in most states, although recent years have seen it lowered to 16 for state and local elections in some states.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Elections_in_Austria (297 words)

	Austrian Press & Information Service (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Austria's constitutional law comprises the Federal Constitution, in the strict sense of the term, a multitude of constitutional acts and state treaties.
		Austria is involved in international matters at different levels: after the signing of the State Treaty in May 1955, and the decision in favour of permanent neutrality, Austria joined the UN at the end of 1955, and the Council of Europe in 1956.
		Austria's international role in the nineties is also attested to by other events: membership of the UN Security Council in 1991/92, coincided with the Gulf War and the incipient conflict in Yugoslavia.
	www.austria.org /political.shtml (9406 words)

	Austria - GOVERNMENT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government were established by the 1920 constitution, with the executive branch subordinate to the legislative branch.
		In the March 1989 provincial election in Carinthia, the FPÖ displaced the ÖVP as the second strongest party, and Haider was elected governor of the province with votes from the ÖVP.
		Austria did not take neutrality to mean that it should occupy a moral middle ground between the democratic countries of the West and the totalitarian states of the East during the Cold War period.
	www.mongabay.com /reference/country_studies/austria/GOVERNMENT.html (19300 words)

	History of Austria
		Austria, with its modern borders, was created out of the main German speaking areas.
		Austria never did have to pay reparations because allied commissions determined that the country could not afford to pay.
		Austria joined the European Union in 1995 (Video of the signing in 1994), and Austria was set on the track towards joining the Eurozone, which it did in 2002.
	www.travelaustriaplus.com /history.html (2109 words)

	Lebanon Law & Government
		Elections have been conducted in stages, as much to allow voters to return to their home towns to cast ballots as to permit the redeployment of security forces to limit disturbances.
		To be eligible for election, an individual had to be at least twenty-five years of age; still, most members of the Chamber of Deputies were over fifty years old.
		Rather than trying to hold elections amid the chaos of the 1970s and 1980s, the Chamber of Deputies chose to renew its members' terms every two years until "appropriate conditions" would allow a free election.
	www.lawresearch.com /v2/global/zlb.htm (6585 words)

	REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA et al. v. ALTMANN, 541 U.S. 677 -- US Supreme Court Cases from Justia & Oyez
		Born in Austria in 1916, respondent Maria V. Altmann escaped the country after it was annexed by Nazi Germany in 1938.
		Austria then enacted a restitution statute allowing individuals to reclaim properties that were subject to any such false assertion of ownership or coerced donation in exchange for export permits.
		Austria replies that, even so, this part of the statute is not "retroactive." Austria means that §1605(a)(3), the expropriation exception, does not apply to events that occurred in 1948, almost 30 years before the FSIA's enactment.
	supreme.justia.com /us/541/677/case.html (16832 words)

	G.W.F. Hegel -- Social and Political Thought [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Legislative activity focuses on both providing well-being and happiness for citizens as well as exacting services from them (largely in the form of monetary taxes).
		The proper function of legislation is distinguished from the function of administration and state regulation in that the content of the former are determinate laws that are wholly universal whereas in administration it is application of the law to particulars, along with enforcing the law.
		Hegel also says that the other two moments of the political constitution, the monarchy and the executive, are the first two moments of the legislature, i.e., are reflected in the legislature respectively through the ultimate decision regarding proposed laws and an advising function in their formation.
	www.iep.utm.edu /h/hegelsoc.htm (14441 words)

	Analysis of the Treaties of 1959
		While Austria has no problem of religious or ethnic division, it was plagued during the inter-war period by continual near-civil war between the Christian Socialists (now the People's Party) and Socialists who nearly balanced each other in popular vote and seats in parliament.
		Lebanon and Austria thus are two outstanding examples of the adjustment of the constitutional and governmental machinery to the need for establishing a balance between two groups of the population.
		Both in the cases of Austria and of Lebanon the same constitutions could continue to function if the coalition or confessional bases of government were modified or abandoned.
	www.cyprus-conflict.net /analysis_of_treaties.htm (9344 words)

	AllRefer.com - Singapore - Political Parties \| Singaporean Information Resource
		In the 1988 parliamentary elections, opposition candidates challenged the ruling party in an unprecedented seventy contests, but the PAP still won eighty of the eighty-one seats in Parliament with 61.8 percent of the popular vote, 1 percent less than in 1984, and 14 percent less than in 1980.
		It won control of the government in the crucial 1959 election to the Legislative Assembly, which was the first election with a mass electorate and for an administration that had internal self-government (defense and foreign relations remained under British control).
		There were regular elections and opposition parties and independent candidates contested the elections, but after the early 1960s the opposition had little chance of replacing the PAP, which regularly won 60 to 70 percent of the popular vote.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/singapore/singapore117.html (1271 words)

	Ex-athlete to energise Maharashtra Congress
		With assembly elections just over two months away and the party having just suffered a setback in the Lok Sabha election, Congress chief Sonia Gandhi decided to opt for a change in the leadership in the Maharashtra unit.
		A veteran with over 32 years of standing in politics, who had earlier made a name for herself as a sportsperson, she is expected to bring about a turnaround and help the party retain power in the politically and financially crucial state.
		She began her political innings by contesting the election to the president of the district's central co-operative bank, which she won.
	www.rediff.com /news/2004/jun/30prabha.htm (592 words)

	Gabon
		Legislative elections held in 2001-02, which were boycotted by a number of smaller opposition parties and were widely criticized for their administrative weaknesses, produced a National Assembly almost completely dominated by the PDG and allied independents.
		Multiparty legislative elections were held in 1990-91, despite the fact that opposition parties had not been declared formally legal.
		After President Bongo was re-elected in a disputed election in 1993 with 51% of votes cast, social and political disturbances led to the 1994 Paris Conference and Accords, which provided a framework for the next elections.
	www.factmonster.com /country/profiles/gabon.html (2499 words)

	AllRefer.com - Cyprus - Introduction \| Cypriot Information Resource
		Between the signing of these treaties in early 1959 and independence on August 16, 1960, a long and intricate constitution was worked out, with elaborate protections for the rights of the smaller Turkish Cypriot community.
		In the elections, DISY won twenty seats in the House of Representatives, one more than in the last parliamentary elections in 1985, and received 35.8 percent of the vote.
		Many Turkish Cypriots were appalled at the results of this election, fearing that the election endangered the survival of democratic politics in their country.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/cyprus/cyprus11.html (4858 words)

	Embassy of France in the US - France's History
		Constitutional amendment introduces election of the President of the Republic by direct universal suffrage (referendum of 28 October 1962).
		First cohabitation: The 1986 general election resulted in a parliamentary majority for the two main right-wing parties, RPR and UDF.
		Dissolution of the National Assembly and General Elections resulting in a left-wing majority and thus the third cohabitation.
	www.info-france-usa.org /atoz/history.asp (602 words)

	India, Indian States, India States, Indian hotels, Indian News and Indian Tourism, India Travel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		It is notable that some presidential systems, while not providing for collective executive answerability to the legislature, may require legislative approval for individuals prior to their assumption of cabinet office and empower the legislature to remove a president from office (for example, in the United States).
		Most presidents in the system are selected by democratic means (popular direct or indirect election, etc), however, like all other systems, the presidential model also encompasses people who become Head of State by other means, notably through military dictatorship or coup d\'Ã©tat, as seen in South American, Middle Eastern, and other presidential regimes.
		In 1959, when former British crown colony Singapore gained self-government, it adopted the Malay style Yang di-Pertuan Negara (literally means "head of state" in Malay) for its governor (the actual head of state remained the British Monarch, Queen Elizabeth II).
	www.hyderabadin.org /wiki-Head_of_State (7731 words)

	Latvia (04/06)
		In the June 5-6, 1993 elections wherein more than 90% of the electorate participated, eight of Latvia's 23 registered political parties passed the 5% threshold to enter parliament.
		Attempts to form right-of-center and leftist governments failed; 7 weeks after the election, a broad but fractious coalition government of six of the nine parties was voted into office under Prime Minister Andris Skele, a widely popular, nonpartisan businessman.
		Though born in Riga in 1937, she settled in Canada during the years of the Soviet occupation, becoming a well-respected academic in the subject of Latvian culture and psychology.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/5378.htm (4597 words)

	Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		The 1954 constitution provided for the election of a head of state by the country’s legislative body, the National People’s Congress.
		Members of the congress are chosen for 5-year terms by a series of indirect elections.
		The agrarian crisis intensified, and matters were made worse by the breakdown of major North China water-control systems that had been neglected by the fiscally weakened government.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?articleId=205515 (16609 words)

	Elections and Electoral Systems by Country
		The Center for Voting and Democracy is dedicated to fair elections where every vote counts and all voters are represented.
		Adam Carr's Electoral Archive has complete (ie, seat by seat) federal elections statistics from 1901 (federation) to the present, and statistics for all Australian state elections since 1990.
		National Electoral Committee has information in English on the Parliamentary Elections of 1995 and 1999, and the local elections of 1996, plus an overview of elections from 1989-1996.
	www.psr.keele.ac.uk /election.htm (1400 words)

	CIA - The World Factbook -- Field Listing - Executive branch
		elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general chosen by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general
		elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is sworn in as prime minister by the governor general
		elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor is appointed by the monarch; the chief secretary is appointed by the governor
	www.umsl.edu /services/govdocs/wofact2004/fields/2077.html (13159 words)

	Publications by Dwaine Marvick
		Competitive pressure and democratic consent; a interpretation of the 1952 presidential election, by Morris Janowitz and Dwaine Marvick.
		A case study of demographic and electoral correlates of Los Angeles County water bond support, 1960 : entitled The 1960 California water bond issue and the Los Angeles County electorate, a statistical and historical analysis / principal investigator, Dwaine Marvick.
		“Elections and Party Politics in India: A Symposium”, Dwain Marvick and Richard Sisson, guest eds.
	www.sscnet.ucla.edu /issr/da/marvick_pubs.htm (1491 words)

	Laws, Acts, and Legislation
		The official version of bills are available from the LSC Bill Room located at the north end of the Ground Floor of the Statehouse.
		(2) In the case of a county, the board of county commissioners or other legislative body; in the case of a municipal corporation, the council or other legislative body; in the case of a township, the board of township trustees; in the case of a school district, the board of education;
		For those students not required to register with the selective service, as specified in divisions (A)(2)(b)(i) to (iv) of this section, a section shall be provided on the statement of selective service status for the certification of nonregistration and for an explanation of the reason for the exemption.
	www.legislature.state.oh.us /bills.cfm?ID=126_HB_478_PS (9451 words)

	Current Female Presidents of Parliaments
		Only a couple of days after her election to Senate President, she became Acting President of the Republic during the travels abroad and illness of President Robinson in April, July and October.
		She took over her duties after her election, which was approved by the minister of Local Government, Margaret Nasha, in the beginning of January 2001.
		She is a former Federal Minister and leading member of the Social Democrats of Austria, SPÖ.
	www.guide2womenleaders.com /Parliaments_Current.htm (1838 words)

	IFES Election Guide - Election Profile for Switzerland - Of Interest/Links
		Usually, the vice-president (currently Ruth Metzler-Arnold) is elected to serve as president.
		However, this election year presents a unique challenge to the Swiss system.
		In the last parliamentary election in October 2003, the right-wing SVP significantly increased its number of seats in Parliament, making the SVP along with the left-wing SPS, one of the largest political parties.
	www.electionguide.org /interest.php?ID=400 (336 words)

	Unofficial Guide to the Vatican Web Site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Universi Dominici Gregis (On the Vacancy of the Apostolic See and the Election of the Roman Pontiff)
		Christifideles Laici (On the Vocation and the Mission of the Lay Faithful)
		Princeps Pastorum (On the Missions, Native Clergy, and Lay Participation; 1959)
	www.cs.cmu.edu /People/spok/catholic/vatican.html (1346 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)